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NTIS 바로가기Journal of applied biological chemistry, v.61 no.4, 2018년, pp.305 - 314
김동헌 (Green Bio Consulting) , 서승만 (Institute of Life Sciences and Resources, Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University) , 김지영 (Institute of Life Sciences and Resources, Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University) , 김해영 (Institute of Life Sciences and Resources, Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University)
'New Breeding Techniques (NBTs)' have been one of hot issues, since their future will be affected profoundly by national as well as international regulatory landscapes. In this review, we compare characteristics of NBTs with conventional and genetic modification, and analyze genetically modified org...
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핵심어 | 질문 | 논문에서 추출한 답변 |
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유전자변형은 어떤 기술인가? | 유전자변형(GM, genetic modification)은 전통육종(conventional breeding)을 이용한 농작물 신품종 육성의 여러 가지 기술적 문제를 해결할 수 있는 유력한 수단으로서 1990년대 중반 이후 그 상업적 활용이 지속적으로 증가하고 있다[1]. 그러나 환경단체 등의 반대 캠페인에서 비롯된 사회적 논란과 국가, 지역 및세계 수준의 복잡한 규제 체계, 그리고 이에 따른 천문학적인 제품 개발 비용 등으로 인해 이 기술의 잠재력이 크게 훼손됐다는 점도 부인하기는 어렵다[2]. | |
국내에서의 유전자교정 산물에 대한 시각은 어떠한가? | 국내에서도 신육종기술, 특히 유전자교정 산물의 규제 가능 성에 대해 높은 관심과 우려를 표하고 있다[12,18]. 이들을 GMO에 포함시킬 경우 상당한 경쟁력을 갖고 있으면서도 막대한 규제 비용과 시간의 소요로 실용화 확산에 어려움을 겪고 있는 유전자변형 기술의 전철을 밟을 것이라고 걱정하는 것이다. 따라서 본 보고에서는 신육종기술의 개요와 유전자 교정을 중심으로 한 각국의 규제 전망 그리고 국내 유전자변형 생물체 규제 규범을 비교, 검토하여 향후 신육종기술 규제 정책 수립을 위한 참고자료를 제공하고자 하였다. | |
유전자변형 생물 체에 대한 관련업자들의 입장은 어떠한가? | 신육종기술의 개발이 진전되어 일부 기술의 실용적 활용이 현실화됨에 따라 관련 기술과 제품이 유전자변형 생물체(GMO, genetically modified organism)의 한 부류로서 규제될 것인지가 초미의 관심사로 떠오르고 있다[10-11]. 특히, 유전자변형 생물 체가 지나치게 엄격하게 규제되고 있다고 생각하는 관련 과학자와 산업체 관계자들은 신육종기술과 그 제품이 GMO와 같은 운명에 처하게 될 수도 있다는 것에 대해 심각하게 우려하고 있다[11-12]. 반면, 유기농업 관련자들은 신육종기술에 대해서도 GMO와 마찬가지로 반대의 입장을 표명하고 있다[13]. |
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