베하스 운동프로그램이 지역사회 여성노인의 신체건강, 우울, 자살생각에 미치는 융합적 효과 The Converge Effects of the BeHaS Exercise Program on Health Status, Depression and Suicidal Ideation in Female Elderly Who Live Alone in Community원문보기
본 논문은 베하스 운동프로그램의 지역사회 여성독거노인에 대한 융합적 효과를 알아보고자 시행된 비동등성 대조군 전후설계의 유사실험연구이다. 실험군 대조군 사전사후 연구이다. 베하스 운동프로그램은 주 2회 시행되어 4주간 총 8회 실시되었고 통증, 어깨유연성, 악력, 우울과 자살생각에 대한 측정이 이루어졌다. 수집된 자료는 Independent t-test, Chi-squre test, paired t-tests, 공분산분석 (ANCOVA)으로 분석되었다. 실험군의 4주의 실험 전후비교결과 통증(t = 4.044, p = .000)과 오른쪽 어깨 유연성(t =2.192, p=.038), 왼쪽어깨유연성(t=2.568, p=.016)의 통계적으로 유의한 향상이 확인되었다. 실험군과 대조군의 그룹간 비교에서는 자살생각의 변화양상에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 확인되었다(F=7.32, p =.010). 본 연구를 바탕으로 베하스 운동프로그램의 지역사회 여성 독거노인에서의 신체적 정신적 건강증진에 대한 긍정적인 효과를 확인하였다.
본 논문은 베하스 운동프로그램의 지역사회 여성독거노인에 대한 융합적 효과를 알아보고자 시행된 비동등성 대조군 전후설계의 유사실험연구이다. 실험군 대조군 사전사후 연구이다. 베하스 운동프로그램은 주 2회 시행되어 4주간 총 8회 실시되었고 통증, 어깨유연성, 악력, 우울과 자살생각에 대한 측정이 이루어졌다. 수집된 자료는 Independent t-test, Chi-squre test, paired t-tests, 공분산분석 (ANCOVA)으로 분석되었다. 실험군의 4주의 실험 전후비교결과 통증(t = 4.044, p = .000)과 오른쪽 어깨 유연성(t =2.192, p=.038), 왼쪽어깨유연성(t=2.568, p=.016)의 통계적으로 유의한 향상이 확인되었다. 실험군과 대조군의 그룹간 비교에서는 자살생각의 변화양상에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 확인되었다(F=7.32, p =.010). 본 연구를 바탕으로 베하스 운동프로그램의 지역사회 여성 독거노인에서의 신체적 정신적 건강증진에 대한 긍정적인 효과를 확인하였다.
This study was conducted to evaluate the converge effects of the Be Happy and Strong (BeHaS) exercise program on female elders living alone, using a nonequivalent control-group pretest-posttest design. The BeHaS exercise program was conducted twice each week for 4 weeks (total 8 sessions). The outco...
This study was conducted to evaluate the converge effects of the Be Happy and Strong (BeHaS) exercise program on female elders living alone, using a nonequivalent control-group pretest-posttest design. The BeHaS exercise program was conducted twice each week for 4 weeks (total 8 sessions). The outcome measures included pain, shoulder flexibility, grip strength, depression, and suicidal ideation. Independent t-test, Chi-squre test, paired t-tests and ANCOVA were used for the statistical data analysis. A statistically significant improvement emerged in pain (t=4.044, p=.000) and right and left shoulder flexibility (t=2.192, p=.038 and t=2.568, p=.016) 4 weeks later. In a group comparison, a statistically significant difference arose in changed scores of suicidal ideation (F=7.32, p=.010) between groups. The BeHaS exercise program may effectively improve the physical and psychological health of female elders living alone.
This study was conducted to evaluate the converge effects of the Be Happy and Strong (BeHaS) exercise program on female elders living alone, using a nonequivalent control-group pretest-posttest design. The BeHaS exercise program was conducted twice each week for 4 weeks (total 8 sessions). The outcome measures included pain, shoulder flexibility, grip strength, depression, and suicidal ideation. Independent t-test, Chi-squre test, paired t-tests and ANCOVA were used for the statistical data analysis. A statistically significant improvement emerged in pain (t=4.044, p=.000) and right and left shoulder flexibility (t=2.192, p=.038 and t=2.568, p=.016) 4 weeks later. In a group comparison, a statistically significant difference arose in changed scores of suicidal ideation (F=7.32, p=.010) between groups. The BeHaS exercise program may effectively improve the physical and psychological health of female elders living alone.
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문제 정의
In this study, we examined the converge effects of the 4-week BeHaS exercise program on health status (pain, shoulder flexibility, and grip strength), depression, and suicidal ideation of older female adults living alone. A previous review of the effectiveness of exercise program found that the effect is greater when participants conduct exercise while supervised, rather than performing exercise alone[23].
This study was designed to test the effects of exercise and psychological support by conducting an intervention implementing the 4-week BeHaS program. The purpose of this study was to determine the converge effects of the BeHaS program on pain, flexibility, depression, and suicidal ideation of female elders living alone.
As a way to improve the health status of female elders, researchers used a variety of physical activity program. These studies demonstrated the effects of various community based exercise programs to maintain health status and prevent declining physical functions; these programs conduct exercises on a consistent regular basis[14-16]. However, little research tested the converge effects of community based exercise programs for female elders who live alone in Korea.
제안 방법
Activities tailored to individual’s ability are more likely to reduce the symptom, especially those with severe depression[29]. Although this study used a structured exercise program with a group intervention, individuals with severe depression may not experience the same effects as those with mild or no symptoms of depression. Further research is needed to identify the effects of a group exercise program on female elders with severe symptoms with strategies to tailor training according to the symptom severity.
Although, this study attempted to provide sessions with the highest frequency, we were unable to provide more than two sessions per week, due to limitations such as an available place and instructors’ or participants’ schedules.
In this study, BeHaS exercise program was provided with a total of eight sessions, twice per week for 4 weeks, commencing from August 2, 2016. The program was conducted by a health professional—a qualified nurse—and each session lasted approximately 90 minutes.
The program was conducted by a health professional—a qualified nurse—and each session lasted approximately 90 minutes. The overall program consisted of theme activities, health education, group support, and exercise. The program includes various strategies to motivate participants and to maintain a class attendance rate above 80%.
The participants in the control group and received health education twice, once before the pretest measurement and once again before the post-test measurement. The education session was held in the different floor of the senior center at the first day of BeHaS program and at the completion day, 4 weeks after.
The program was conducted by a health professional—a qualified nurse—and each session lasted approximately 90 minutes.
This study was designed to test the effects of exercise and psychological support by conducting an intervention implementing the 4-week BeHaS program.
데이터처리
For each group, we calculate score differences between pretest and posttest values. To normalize group difference of pretest values, ANCOVA was used adjusting for the baseline values and covariates including level of pain and grip strength in pre-test. We determined statistical significance with p < .
이론/모형
In this study, a nonequivalent control-group pretest-posttest design was used. We recruited 62 female elders living alone who were registered at a community center in D city in Korea, in consideration of possible dropouts (Figure 1).
We assessed the level of depression using the Korean version of the Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form[22]. The Geriatric Depression Scale consists of 15 items and each response was scored either 0 or 1.
성능/효과
The present study identified significant improvement in health status when measuring pain and flexibility after the 4-week BeHaS program. Despite no statistical significance, results showed increased mean scores for increased grip strength and decreased mean scores for depression and suicidal ideation at the completion of the 4-week BeHaS program. Of the variables examining health status, the level of pain of the female elders living alone who participated in the 4-week BeHaS program was the most significantly improved.
For the psychological parameters, we did not achieve satisfactory results after 4 weeks, although findings from the group comparison indicated statistically significant differences in score on suicidal ideation. The scores of the experimental group diminished by 0.
Statistically significant improvement emerged at the completion of the 4-week BeHaS program in program participants’ pain (t=4.04, p=.000), right shoulder flexibility (t=2.19, p=.037), and left shoulder flexibility (t=2.57, p=.016).
The overall program consisted of theme activities, health education, group support, and exercise. The program includes various strategies to motivate participants and to maintain a class attendance rate above 80%. Strategies included weekly phone calls, advertising awards for those with a good attendance rate, and providing name badges.
후속연구
Although this study used a structured exercise program with a group intervention, individuals with severe depression may not experience the same effects as those with mild or no symptoms of depression. Further research is needed to identify the effects of a group exercise program on female elders with severe symptoms with strategies to tailor training according to the symptom severity.
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