[논문]한국과 일본 고속철도역 주변 집적 공간구조에 대한 관측 연구

김경택; 김정훈

doi:10.11108/kagis.2018.21.4.014

한국과 일본 고속철도역 주변 집적 공간구조에 대한 관측 연구
A Spatial Structure of Agglomeration Pattern Near High-Speed Rail Station of Korea and Japan 원문보기

한국지리정보학회지 = Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies, v.21 no.4, 2018년, pp.14 - 25

김경택 (도쿄공업대학 토목환경공학계) , 김정훈 (영남대학교 새마을국제개발학과)

초록
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고속철도(HSR)의 운영은 집적이익에 영향을 미치며, 개별 경제활동들은 경제적 이익을 극대화할 수 있는 곳으로 이전한다. 이러한 측면에서 볼 때, 고속철도역과의 인접성은 고속철도 네트워크를 통한 이익 극대화를 영위할 수 있는 핵심구역으로 간주할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 GIS를 이용한 한국과 일본의 서비스 산업 핫스팟 분석을 통해 고속철도역 주변에 대한 집적효과를 분석하고자 하였다. 한국과 일본의 집계구 데이터를 활용하여 분석을 수행하였으며, 일정 규모 이상 도심에 위치하고 있는 고속철도역이 입지하고 있는 한국 8개, 일본 큐슈신칸센 4개역을 대상으로 하였다. 분석결과 구포역과 카고시마츄오역 등 2개 역을 제외한 나머지 10개 역들 반경 1km 이내에서 서비스산업의 집적이 관측되었다. 여가, 레저, 협회 및 특정 전문 서비스산업들의 경우 고속철도승객을 통한 관광객 유입 혹은 지식교류 등의 효과를 영위함으로써 사회경제적 이익을 얻을 수 있다. 이를 고려했을 때, 역 주변에 대한 핫스팟의 도출은 역 접근성과의 관련성을 보여줄 수 있을 것이다. 분석결과를 정책적으로 보았을 때, 향후 역 주변 개발에 있어서 서비스 산업과 관련 산업들의 사회경제적 이익을 극대화할 수 있도록 지원 또한 필요할 것이다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

The operation of high-speed rail (HSR) has an effect on the agglomeration economies, and the impact is shown as a relocation of individual firm and worker to where business activity can be maximized. The proximity to the HSR station could be considered as a core district to maximize the industrial benefit through the HSR network. From this perspective, this study considers the agglomeration effect of HSR within the HSR station-area and analyzed the agglomerated spatial pattern through hotspot analysis by service industry in the cases of Korea and Japan using GIS. This study analyzed the service industry within 1km distance from 8 HSR stations of Korea and 4 Kyushu Shinkansen stations of Japan. The results suggest that the hotspot patterns are observed in the service industry within 1km distance from the HSR station of Korea and Japan, except for two HSR stations of Gupo station and Kagoshima-Chuo station. Leisure, amusement, association, and other specific service industries could be affected by HSR passengers and knowledge-spillovers through HSR station. Therefore, the observed hotspot districts near the HSR station-area could explain an agglomeration pattern of the service industry through a closeness to the HSR station. Further, we could expect that the impact of HSR affects the service industry, and the impact could attract business activities of the service-area to maximize their benefit from HSR travelers. With the result, it is required to build up a supportive policy to maximize the HSR's impact on the service industry when considering the HSR station-area development.

주제어

표/그림 (7)

표 TABLE 1. Selected HSR station of Korea and Japan
표 TABLE 2. Selected HSR station of Korea and Japan
표 TABLE 3. Selected HSR station of Korea and Japan
그림 FIGURE 1. Analysis process
표 TABLE 4. Result of hotspot analysis by HSR station
그림 FIGURE 2. Results of hotspot analysis
표 TABLE 5. Chi-square test for the results of hotspot analysis

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문제 정의

However, most studies estimate the HSR impact center on the city level or above, while only few studies consider micro-level structure. As mentioned above, this study focuses on the HSR station-area, which can be expected to be strongly affected by the HSR operation. The agglomeration effect could intensify the impact of HSR, and attracts more business activities.
With the consideration of these backgrounds of proximity to the HSR station and the agglomeration effect, we could envisage an agglomeration near the HSR station to maximize its impact. In this background, this study aims at estimating the impact of HSR on the agglomeration of service industry near the HSR station and comparing the international cases of Korea and Japan to show the relation between HSR operation, proximity to HSR and the agglomeration effect by HSR. In order to achieve the research goal, we focus on 12 HSR stations of Korea and Japan, and then analyze the spatial pattern within 1km distance from the HSR station, using RStudio and QGIS 2.
The authors studied HSR‘s impact near the station-area through hotspot analysis.
This study explored the spatial agglomeration structure of the service industry between the districts within 1km from 12 HSR stations of Korea and Japan. For this, hotspot analysis was employed, and the results are organized according to whether hotspot census is observed or not within 1km from HSR station.

가설 설정

Third, the selected HSR station is located in the urban area to estimate HSR’s impact near the station-area, not the rural area.

제안 방법

This study explored the spatial agglomeration structure of the service industry between the districts within 1km from 12 HSR stations of Korea and Japan. For this, hotspot analysis was employed, and the results are organized according to whether hotspot census is observed or not within 1km from HSR station. The result suggests that 10 HSR stations have hotspot districts, but Gupo station of Korea and Kagoshima-Chuo station of Kyushu Shinkansen does not show hotspot districts.
In this background, this study aims at estimating the impact of HSR on the agglomeration of service industry near the HSR station and comparing the international cases of Korea and Japan to show the relation between HSR operation, proximity to HSR and the agglomeration effect by HSR. In order to achieve the research goal, we focus on 12 HSR stations of Korea and Japan, and then analyze the spatial pattern within 1km distance from the HSR station, using RStudio and QGIS 2.18 and 3.2.1.
To consider the proximity to HSR station, Kim and Kim(2018) introduced the direct distance from each census to the census having the HSR station as like equation (2). Introducing the direct distance could be effective to estimate the correlation of each census and HSR station in order for comparing different cities and countries.

대상 데이터

And the distance to HSR station is based on the closest HSR station within a city. Considering the city size of 1,000,000 people, frequency of HSR, and the location of HSR, five cities having HSR station in Korea are included in the analysis. In the case of Kyushu Shinkansen, there are no city having 1,000,000 people, so cities more than about 300,000 people, which are the biggest cities in Kyushu are selected.
The results of service industry include the hotspot district within 1km from 10 HSR stations except for Gupo station of Korea and Kaghoshima-Chuo station of Japan. The service industry is an aggregated industry with recreation, business support and personal service, so business activity related to recreation and business support could congregate in the district showing hotspot.
This study focuses on HSR stations of Korea and Kyushu Shinkansen of Japan. In the case of Korea KTX (Korea Train eXpress: high speed railway in Korea) has been inaugurated gradually since 2004, and Kyushu Shinkansen was opened in 2004 and 2011 in stages.

성능/효과

Therefore, selecting target HSR stations follows several conditions. First, HSR station taking the high-speed track is only targeted, since KTX operation is mixed with high-speed track and conventional track. Second, urban scale of the HSR passing through the city is also considered.

후속연구

05 criteria. Thirdly, a decision of whether the HSR station shows the agglomeration pattern of the service industry within the coverage is distinguished by that one or above hotspot district should be included within 1km from the HSR station. Here, the inclusion of one hotspot district is according to that over two- thirds of the hotspot district area should be included within the distance of 1km from the HSR station.

표제어: PCR

동의어: Packet Collision Rate

용어 설명 출처 목록 (6)

용어 설명: PCR은 세균 특이성이 있는 primer를 이용하여 적은 수의 세균이 있을지라도 쉽게 검출할 수 있는 유용한 방법이며, 이를 이용하여 구강 내 치면세균막이나 타액에서 직접 세균을 검출할 수 있게 되었다[8].

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