Comparison of vertical ground reaction forces between female elderly and young adults during sit-to-stand and gait using the Nintendo Wii Balance Board원문보기
Lim, Ji Young
(Department of Physical Therapy, General Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Konyang University)
,
Yi, Yoonsil
(Department of Physical Therapy, General Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Konyang University)
,
Jung, Sang Woo
(Department of Sports Rehabilitation, Gimcheon University)
,
Park, Dae-Sung
(Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medical Sciences, Konyang University)
Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare vertical ground reaction forces during sit to stand (STS) and gait between female elderly and young individuals using the Wii Balance Board (WBB). Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Fifty-one female elderly people (age: $75.18...
Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare vertical ground reaction forces during sit to stand (STS) and gait between female elderly and young individuals using the Wii Balance Board (WBB). Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Fifty-one female elderly people (age: $75.18{\pm}4.60years$), and 13 young people (age: $29.85{\pm}3.69years$) performed the five times STS test and gait respectively on the WBB. We analyzed time (s), vertical peak (%), integral summation (Int_SUM, %), and counter variables (%) in STS and 1st peak (body weight, BW%), 2nd peak (BW%), peak minimum (BW%), time (second), center of pressure (COP) path length (mm), and Int_SUM (BW%) in gait. The independent t-test was used to assess for differences in STS, gait ability, and general characteristics between the female elderly group and young adults group. With the first and last trials excluded, the mean value was obtained from the middle three of the five trials. Results: During STS, Int_SUM and time of young adults were significantly less than of the female elderly subjects. There were no significant differences in peak and counter variables. In gait, all variables (1st peak, 2nd peak, min, time, COP_path, and Int_SUM) showed significant differences between groups (p<0.05). This study demonstrated that the validity of vertical ground reaction forces occurring during STS and gait was significant in female elderly and young adults. Conclusions: Based on the measurement of vertical ground reaction forces in STS and gait using the WBB, it is possible to clinically improve the quality of geriatric physical therapy. Further studies are necessary to examine concurrent validity of elderly patients who have undergone total hip or knee replacement.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare vertical ground reaction forces during sit to stand (STS) and gait between female elderly and young individuals using the Wii Balance Board (WBB). Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Fifty-one female elderly people (age: $75.18{\pm}4.60years$), and 13 young people (age: $29.85{\pm}3.69years$) performed the five times STS test and gait respectively on the WBB. We analyzed time (s), vertical peak (%), integral summation (Int_SUM, %), and counter variables (%) in STS and 1st peak (body weight, BW%), 2nd peak (BW%), peak minimum (BW%), time (second), center of pressure (COP) path length (mm), and Int_SUM (BW%) in gait. The independent t-test was used to assess for differences in STS, gait ability, and general characteristics between the female elderly group and young adults group. With the first and last trials excluded, the mean value was obtained from the middle three of the five trials. Results: During STS, Int_SUM and time of young adults were significantly less than of the female elderly subjects. There were no significant differences in peak and counter variables. In gait, all variables (1st peak, 2nd peak, min, time, COP_path, and Int_SUM) showed significant differences between groups (p<0.05). This study demonstrated that the validity of vertical ground reaction forces occurring during STS and gait was significant in female elderly and young adults. Conclusions: Based on the measurement of vertical ground reaction forces in STS and gait using the WBB, it is possible to clinically improve the quality of geriatric physical therapy. Further studies are necessary to examine concurrent validity of elderly patients who have undergone total hip or knee replacement.
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문제 정의
The purpose of this study was to measure the vertical ground reaction force during walking and STS of healthy elderly women and to extend the application range of the WBB by comparing with healthy adults. The purpose of this study was to assess the STS and walking ground reaction force of healthy elderly women with the WBB and compare with healthy adults. The research hypothesis is that STS and walking response will differ between female elderly and young adults.
The purpose of this study was to measure the vertical ground reaction force during walking and STS of healthy elderly women and to extend the application range of the WBB by comparing with healthy adults. The purpose of this study was to assess the STS and walking ground reaction force of healthy elderly women with the WBB and compare with healthy adults.
STS and gait are simple and useful clinical evaluation methods to confirm lower extremity strength and balance ability of the elderly. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of the vertical ground reaction force during STS and walking in female elderly subjects using the WBB, which is suitable for clinical use, and to compare with the vertical ground reaction force of healthy young adults.
This study was conducted with healthy elderly women. In a follow-up study, we recommend that the WBB be used to study the vertical ground reaction force of the elderly with a history of knee and hip arthroplasty.
가설 설정
The purpose of this study was to assess the STS and walking ground reaction force of healthy elderly women with the WBB and compare with healthy adults. The research hypothesis is that STS and walking response will differ between female elderly and young adults.
제안 방법
After the assessment of STS, a 5-minute rest-interval was provided, followed by gait assessment. All assessments were completed within 30 minutes per subject, including break time and practice time.
All subjects were instructed to practice STS and walking sufficiently, and were measured 5 times each. After the assessment of STS, a 5-minute rest-interval was provided, followed by gait assessment.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of the WBB as a quantitative evaluation device for assessing the vertical ground reaction force to compare the extracted data of the vertical ground reaction force during STS and walking for geriatric physical therapy. According to the results of the study, the elderly women in STS showed higher vertical ground reaction force than young adults, but showed no significant difference.
The subjects were instructed to step over the WBB with the dominant foot, and a sticker was attached at the height of the subject’s eye to allow for the subject to gaze at the front and walk.
대상 데이터
Considering these results, we suspect that the limitation of upper limb movements may have affected the peak value. It is also difficult to compare the results of our study that included only female elderly people and with existing studies that included 5 male elderly and 5 female elderly participants.
However, in previous studies [21], WBB was used in healthy young adults and proved the validity of ground reaction force in walking with STS. The healthy young adults were composed of 9 males and 8 females, which was close to 1 to 1.
Thirteen young adults participated in this study, which consisted a similar ratio males and females with six males and seven females. The data were normally distributed, and the gait characteristics of young adults were not found to be highly variable.
This study was conducted on 51 elderly women aged 65 years or older and 13 young adults living in Daejeon. The elderly and young adult selection criteria were as follows: those without neurological or musculoskeletal disorders and those who were able to sit up and walk independently without assistance.
데이터처리
Independent sample t-test was conducted to determine the differences in general characteristics, STS and gait ability of the elderly and young adults, and statistical significance was set at α=0.05.
성능/효과
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of the WBB as a quantitative evaluation device for assessing the vertical ground reaction force to compare the extracted data of the vertical ground reaction force during STS and walking for geriatric physical therapy. According to the results of the study, the elderly women in STS showed higher vertical ground reaction force than young adults, but showed no significant difference. On the other hand, during walking, female elderly showed lower vertical ground reaction force than young adults, and the difference was significant.
The results were 118%±11.0% and 117%±13.0%, respectively, which was very similar to the maximum vertical ground reaction force of 116%±5.6% in 51 healthy elderly women.
Third, the COP_path length (mm) value during walking was not standardized to the subject's foot size, which made it difficult to interpret.
후속연구
In a follow-up study, we recommend that the WBB be used to study the vertical ground reaction force of the elderly with a history of knee and hip arthroplasty. Data from this study will serve as the basis for future clinical decisions and may improve the qualitative aspects of geriatric physical therapy. The results of this study can provide a basis for vertical ground reaction force during STS and walking of female elderly and young adults.
Therefore, the WBB can quantitatively evaluate STS and walking ability of the female elderly population. Future research will need to investigate the validity of the vertical ground reaction force of the elderly with a history of knee and hip arthroplasty using the WBB.
Second, since the results cannot be applied to the elderly male population, future studies should use the WBB to confirm the vertical ground reaction force during STS and walking of the elderly male population.
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