[논문]스마트폰중독 위험군 대학생의 대인관계문제, 스트레스 대처방식, 정신건강의 구조모형분석

이유리; 박정숙

doi:10.15207/jkcs.2019.10.2.293

스마트폰중독 위험군 대학생의 대인관계문제, 스트레스 대처방식, 정신건강의 구조모형분석
A study on the Structural Equation Modeling of Interpersonal problem, Stress coping strategy, Mental health of University students at risk of Smartphone addiction 원문보기

한국융합학회논문지 = Journal of the Korea Convergence Society, v.10 no.2, 2019년, pp.293 - 299

초록
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본 연구의 목적은 구조방정식모형을 활용하여 스마트폰중독 위험군 대학생의 대인관계문제, 스트레스대처방식, 정신건강의 관계를 분석하는 것이다. 연구 결과, 대인관계문제는 정신건강의 심각성을 악화시키는 직접적 영향력을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 스트레스대처전략은 대인관계문제와 정신건강 사이의 영향관계에서 부분 매개효과를 갖는 것으로 나타났고, 소극적 대처는 위험요인, 적극적 대처는 보호요인으로 분석되었다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 스마트폰중독 위험군 대학생의 정신건강 증진을 위한 다양한 실천적 정책적 개입전략을 제시하였다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

This study aimed to analyze the relationship between interpersonal problem, stress coping strategies and mental health for university students at risk of smartphone addiction using a structural equation modeling. Key results of the analysis were as follows. The interpersonal problem increased the severity of mental health. Stress coping strategies had partial mediating effects in the relationship between interpersonal problem and mental health. Passive coping strategy was risk factor and Active coping strategy was protective factor. Based on these results, various interventions for improving mental health for university students at risk of smartphone addiction were suggested.

주제어

표/그림 (3)

표 Table 1. Descriptive Statistics
표 Table 2. Estimates & Goodness-of-fit Index
표 Table 3. Analysis of Mediating Effect

AI 본문요약
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문제 정의

Moreover, this study focuses on stress coping strategies in the process of worsening mental health in smartphone addiction risk group, caused by interpersonal problems[9]. Stress coping strategies are defined as efforts to escape stress[10].
This study aims to utilize structural equation modeling to analyze the relationship between interpersonal problems, stress coping strategies and mental health of university students who are at risk of smartphone addiction; this study will also analyze in depth which stress coping strategies act as risk factors or protective factors. Through such analysis, this study aims to provide useful and practical implications for intervening for university students at risk of smartphone addiction, and provide basic data for strategies differentiated by the severity of addiction.

제안 방법

Third, it is important to continue the efforts of identifying university students at high risk of smartphone addiction, with the counseling center at the core of such efforts. As shown in this study, lower levels of interpersonal relationships, passive coping strategies and deteriorated mental health may result from smartphone addiction; as such, this study proposes the identification of normal, potential and high-risk groups and differentiating intervention strategies depending on the severity of the addiction. And it is necessary to carry out "outreach consultation" in connection with the university at the Addiction Management Center.
Purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between interpersonal problem, stress coping strategies and mental health for university students at high risk of smartphone addiction using a structural equation model, and to identify which stress coping strategies act as risk factors and protective factors in mental health. The results of the study can be concluded as follows.
This scale consists of 40 items which is categorized as eight sub-factors: assured-dominant, arrogant-calculating, cold-hearted, aloof-introverted, unassured-submissive, unassuming-ingenuous, warm-agreeable and gregarious-extroverted. Respondents were asked to rate the items on a five-point Likert scale, ranging from 1 to 5, with higher scores indicating greater interpersoanl problem. The reliability of the scale was Cronbach's α = 0.
This scale consists of 14 items which is categorized as two sub-factors: anxiety and depression. Respondents were asked to rate the items on a four-point Likert scale, ranging from 0 to 3, with higher scores indicating greater anxiety and depression. The reliability of the scale was Cronbach's α = 0.
In the research, out of the twenty four items from the original study, six items that satisfied the criteria of factor analyses[22] were used to measure parenting stress. The respondents were asked to rate the items on a five-point Likert scale, ranging from 1 to 5, with higher scores indicating greater coping tendency. The scale's reliability was Cronbach's α = 0.
Interpersonal problem was measured using the Short form of the Korean Inventory of interpersonal Problems Circumplex Sacle, which developed by Horowitz et al[19] and validated by Hong et al[20]. This scale consists of 40 items which is categorized as eight sub-factors: assured-dominant, arrogant-calculating, cold-hearted, aloof-introverted, unassured-submissive, unassuming-ingenuous, warm-agreeable and gregarious-extroverted. Respondents were asked to rate the items on a five-point Likert scale, ranging from 1 to 5, with higher scores indicating greater interpersoanl problem.
Analysis in previous studies were limited as they focused on the linear relationship between the factors influencing smartphone addiction in university students and mental health. This study aims to utilize structural equation modeling to analyze the relationship between interpersonal problems, stress coping strategies and mental health of university students who are at risk of smartphone addiction; this study will also analyze in depth which stress coping strategies act as risk factors or protective factors. Through such analysis, this study aims to provide useful and practical implications for intervening for university students at risk of smartphone addiction, and provide basic data for strategies differentiated by the severity of addiction.

대상 데이터

The subjects of this study included university students in Gwangju, Jeonnam area. A total of 500 questionnaires were collected from September to November of 2017 and 490 students were used in the smartphone addiction diagnosis, which was excluding 10 questionnaires that contained undependable responses. Based on the smartphone addiction self-diagnosis scale[18], the total score of origin score is 45 points or more, the daily life disability factor is 16 points or more, the withdrawal factor is 13 points or more and the tolerance factor is 14 points or more were classified as high risk group.
And the total score of origin score is 42-22 points, the daily life disability factor is 14-15 points, the withdrawal factor is 12 points and the tolerance factor is 13 points were classified as potential risk group. Of the 490 students, 55 students were in the high risk group and 126 students were in the potential risk group. In this study, those two groups were defined as the risk group and 181 questionnaires were finally used for analysis.
The present study was carried out after receiving approval from the IRB of N University. The subjects of this study included university students in Gwangju, Jeonnam area. A total of 500 questionnaires were collected from September to November of 2017 and 490 students were used in the smartphone addiction diagnosis, which was excluding 10 questionnaires that contained undependable responses.

데이터처리

To assess the goodness of fit, indices such as χ2, comparative fit index (CFI), Tucker Lewis index (TLI), and Root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) were used.

이론/모형

Interpersonal problem was measured using the Short form of the Korean Inventory of interpersonal Problems Circumplex Sacle, which developed by Horowitz et al[19] and validated by Hong et al[20]. This scale consists of 40 items which is categorized as eight sub-factors: assured-dominant, arrogant-calculating, cold-hearted, aloof-introverted, unassured-submissive, unassuming-ingenuous, warm-agreeable and gregarious-extroverted.
Mental health was measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, which developed by Zigmund & Snaith[23] and validated by Oh et al[24].
Parenting stress was measured using the Stress Coping Scale, which developed by Lazarus & Folkman[11] and validated by Kim[21].
Significance testing on indirect effects was analyzed using the bootstrapping method. The analysis on the mediating effects shows that the partial mediating effect of active coping(β = -.

성능/효과

First, the interpersonal problem of university students with high risk of smartphone addiction increased the severity of mental health. These results support the findings of existing literature[5, 7, 8], which state that mental health may worsen when interpersonal relationships are ineffective.
Second, passive coping strategies were found to have a partial mediating effect in the relationship between interpersonal problem and mental health. These results are also consistent with previous research that report[12, 13] that passive coping strategies, such as avoiding stress inducing factors or wishful thinking, are risk factors that worsen mental health at high risk groups of smartphone addiction.
The results indicated that interpersonal problem had a significant direct effect on active coping(t=-2.251, p<.05), passive coping(t=2.986, p<.001), and mental health(t=3.136, p<.001).
Third, active coping strategies were found to have a partial mediating effect in the relationship between interpersonal problem and mental health. These results suggest that active coping strategies are protective factors that relieve the severity of mental health at high risk groups of smartphone addiction.

후속연구

Lastly, this study has limitations in generalizing its results to the overall population as the participants of this study were university students in a specific region who agreed to the research objectives and voluntarily participated in the study. For follow-on research, this study proposes the expansion of research methodology through systematic studies with national-level samples and the analysis of causal relationships through longitudinal studies. And psychological characteristics of the high-risk group of smartphone addiction should be studied by expanding the study subjects to other ages (elementary, middle, and high school students).

참고문헌 (26)

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