[논문]Integrity Assessment and Verification Procedure of Angle-only Data for Low Earth Orbit Space Objects with Optical Wide-field PatroL-Network (OWL-Net)

Choi, Jin; Jo, Jung Hyun; Kim, Sooyoung; Yim, Hong-Suh; Choi, Eun-Jung; Roh, Dong-Goo; Kim, Myung-Jin; Park, Jang-Hyun; Cho, Sungki

doi:10.5140/jass.2019.36.1.35

[국내논문] Integrity Assessment and Verification Procedure of Angle-only Data for Low Earth Orbit Space Objects with Optical Wide-field PatroL-Network (OWL-Net) 원문보기

Journal of astronomy and space sciences, v.36 no.1, 2019년, pp.35 - 43

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

The Optical Wide-field patroL-Network (OWL-Net) is a global optical network for Space Situational Awareness in Korea. The primary operational goal of the OWL-Net is to track Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites operated by Korea and to monitor the Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) region near the Korean peninsula. To obtain dense measurements on LEO tracking, the chopper system was adopted in the OWL-Net's back-end system. Dozens of angle-only measurements can be obtained for a single shot with the observation mode for LEO tracking. In previous work, the reduction process of the LEO tracking data was presented, along with the mechanical specification of the back-end system of the OWL-Net. In this research, we describe an integrity assessment method of time-position matching and verification of results from real observations of LEO satellites. The change rate of the angle of each streak in the shot was checked to assess the results of the matching process. The time error due to the chopper rotation motion was corrected after re-matching of time and position. The corrected measurements were compared with the simulated observation data, which were taken from the Consolidated Prediction File from the International Laser Ranging Service. The comparison results are presented in the In-track and Cross-track frame.

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표/그림 (12)

그림 Fig. 1. Ground-based optical tracking for Low Earth Orbit (LEO) space object. A range, R₁ at a prior time (t₁) is decreased to a range, R₂ at a posterior time (t₂).
그림 Fig. 2. Variation of angular rates of single image for a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) space object from the observation result by the OWL-Net. X and Y-axis is a surface of the Charge Coupled Device (CCD) and the vertical axis is an angular rate (pixel per ten millisecond) calculated by difference method. Incorrect time matching of the time and the position information results in an increase of the angular rates of an acceleration duration of the chopper (x-axis : 3000~4000, y-axis : 2000~2200). A few false detections make up the outliers.
그림 Fig. 3. Two types of errors for an incorrect matching of the time and position information of LEO space object tracking in a single image by the OWL-Net. The error results from the acceleration or deceleration of the angular rate. The outliers are caused by false detections. (Observation date: 21 Apr 2018, target:Envisat)
그림 Fig. 4. Well-matched time and position information results. (a) In a single shot, the angular rate is almost constant when the time and position information of the observation for the LEO space object by the OWL-Net is matched correctly. (b) However, the angular rate gradually increases as the elevation angle increases in a single observation arc. (Observation date:21 Apr 2018, target:Envisat)
그림 Fig. 5. Diagram of the back-end system of the OWL-Net. The chopper blades are marked with a green line. The time tagger photodiode sensor(red circle) is opposite the center of the CCD (sky blue circle).
그림 Fig. 7. Time error by the chopper motion is corrected for a single shot. There are a few larger errors and inclination of the trend before the correction (left).
그림 Fig. 6. Maximum time error by chopper rotation speed. When the chopper rotation speed is 50 Hz, the maximum time error is about 2.8 ms.
표 Table 1. Specifcation of ENVISAT
그림 Fig. 8. Flow chart for the procedure of comparison for the opticalobservation data from the OWL-Net and the precise orbital ephemerisfrom external sources.
그림 Fig. 9. In-track versus Cross-track results. For OWL-Net 5 and 3, the In-track diferences are larger than the Cross-track diferences. The Cross-track diference for OWL-Net 4 is larger than the results from other sites due to the bad quality of a few images.
표 Table 2. Observation summary for verifcation procedure test
그림 Fig. 10. Box and whisker graph for the In-track diferences. The average of the In-track diference is one arc second. The range of the In-track diference does not exceeded ± six arc seconds.

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