[논문]부모의 양육스트레스와 청소년 자녀의 우울, 대응기전, 자아개념 간의 상관관계

성경미

doi:10.14400/jdc.2019.17.4.195

부모의 양육스트레스와 청소년 자녀의 우울, 대응기전, 자아개념 간의 상관관계
Correlations Between Parenting Stress and Adolescents' Depression, Coping Responses, and Self-Concept 원문보기

디지털융복합연구 = Journal of digital convergence, v.17 no.4, 2019년, pp.195 - 202

초록
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연구는 양육스트레스와 청소년 자녀의 대응기전, 우울, 및 자아개념 간의 상관관계를 파악한 연구이다. 자료수집은 청소년(n=320)과 이들의 부모를 대상으로 실시하였으며 청소년 대상으로 자아개념, 대응기전, 우울도구를 사용하고 부모를 대상으로 양육스트레스 도구를 사용하였다. 연구결과 청소년은 적극적 대응을 많이 사용하였고, 우울은 평균 $54.87({\pm}14.06)$점이었다. 청소년의 적극적 대응과 자아개념은 모두 양육스트레스와 부적 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났으며 청소년의 우울을 포함하여 어머니와 아버지 각각의 양육스트레스와도 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 어머니와 아버지의 양육스트레스는 비슷한 수준이었으나, 청소년 자녀의 도움추구 대응과 어머니 혹은 아버지의 양육스트레스와의 관계에서는 다른 양상을 보였다. 이상의 연구결과는 부모역할개발을 위한 학교기반 정신건강서비스에 유용한 기초자료가 될 것이다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

This descriptive study aimed to explore the correlations between mothers' parenting stress and adolescents' coping responses, depression, and self-concept. Methods: Participants were 320 adolescents and their parents. The adolescents completed Self-concept Scale, Coping Responses, and Depression Scale-2, and their parents completed Parenting Stress Scale. Results: The adolescents used approach coping frequently and their depression was $54.87({\pm}14.06)$. However, adolescents' approach coping and overall self-concept were negatively correlated with parenting stress, and were significantly correlated with parenting stress in both mothers and fathers including depression. Mothers' and fathers' mean parenting stress scores and patterns were similar, but relationship patterns for parenting stress and adolescents' Seeking Guidance subscale scores differed between mothers and fathers. Conclusion: These findings could be useful in supporting school-based mental health services for adolescents, through the development of parenting roles.

주제어

표/그림 (3)

표 Table 1. Subjects’ General Characteristics
표 Table 2. The level of study variables
표 Table 3. Pearson’s correlations of the study variables

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문제 정의

In this study, we aimed to explore correlations between parenting stress and adolescents’ coping responses, depression, and self-concept.

제안 방법

In this study, we examined the correlations between parenting stress and adolescents’ coping responses, depression, and self-concept.
The findings provide basic data regarding parenting stress and adolescents’ coping responses, depression, and self-concept, which could be useful in supporting adolescents' mental health services through the development of parenting roles.
The main limitation of the study was that adolescents’ and parents’ variables were assessed using only self-report questionnaires, which are known to involve response bias.
We used the Korean version of the Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale 2nd Edition [19], which is a self-report measure of depressive symptomatology developed specifically for use with adolescents, to measure adolescents’ depression. The scale consists of 30 items divided between four sub-scales: Dysphoric Mood, Anhedonia/Negative Affect, Negative Self-Evaluation, and Somatic Complaints. Responses are provided using a four-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (almost never) to 4 (most of the time), and higher scores indicate depressed mood of greater severity.
Coping Response Inventory-Youth [18] used to measure adolescents’ coping responses. The scale consists of 48 items divided between four approach-coping sub-scales (Logical Analysis, Positive Reappraisal, Seeking Guidance and Support, and Problem Solving) and four avoidance-coping sub-scales (Cognitive Avoidance, Acceptance/Resignation, Seeking Alternative Rewards, and Emotional Discharge), which measure cognitive and behavioral efforts to cope with various stressful life events in adolescents aged between 12 and 18 years. Responses are provided using a four-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (not at all) to 4 (fairly often), and higher scores indicate more frequent use of the corresponding coping strategies.
The scale consists of 80 items divided between four subscales: Physical Self-Concept, which is affected by direct and indirect feedback regarding physical attributes; Emotional Self-Concept, which is affected by others’ responses to one’s behavior; Social Self-Concept, which is affected by others’ reactions to one’s competence in social activities and interpersonal relationships; and Academic Self-Concept, which involves self-recognition of individual achievements related to schoolwork.
The scale was developed as a self-evaluation instrument, to measure self-concept in children and adolescents.

대상 데이터

The adolescents’ parents (N = 652) also participated in the study by mail survey. A total of 954 subjects were included. Of the 326 participants, six adolescents’ parents had passed away or left home; therefore, 320 adolescents and their parents (N = 634) were included in the final analysis.
Of the 326 participants, six adolescents’ parents had passed away or left home; therefore, 320 adolescents and their parents (N = 634) were included in the final analysis.
We surveyed 335 adolescents who were in Grades 8–10 in three urban middle-high schools in South Korea in 2014–2015, to participate in the study.

성능/효과

Our main results indicated that adolescents with parents who experienced high stress levels exhibited a higher number of avoidant coping responses, higher depression levels, and stronger negative self-concepts relative to those of adolescents with parents who experienced lower stress levels. The finding indicating that many of the adolescents’ mental health variables were strongly correlated with parents’ stress levels is interesting.
The results showed that parenting stress was significantly positively correlated with adolescents’ avoidance coping and depressive symptoms; however, it was significantly negatively correlated with adolescents’ approach coping and self-concept.

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