Kim, Jaeeun
(Department of Physical Therapy, Barosun Hospital)
,
Kim, HyeonA
(Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health and Welfare, Sahmyook University)
,
Lee, JuYeong
(Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health and Welfare, Sahmyook University)
,
Lee, HoYoung
(Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health and Welfare, Sahmyook University)
,
Jung, Hyoseung
(Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health and Welfare, Sahmyook University)
,
Cho, YunKi
(Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health and Welfare, Sahmyook University)
,
Choi, HyeMin
(Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health and Welfare, Sahmyook University)
,
Yi, Donghyun
(Department of Physical Therapy, The Graduate School, Sahmyook University)
,
Kang, Daewon
(Department of Physical Therapy, The Graduate School, Sahmyook University)
,
Yim, Jongeun
(Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health and Welfare, Sahmyook University)
Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the muscle activity ratio of the lower limb according to changes in straight leg raise (SLR) test angles on hamstring muscle shortening during squat exercises. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: The subjects were 14 healthy adults wh...
Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the muscle activity ratio of the lower limb according to changes in straight leg raise (SLR) test angles on hamstring muscle shortening during squat exercises. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: The subjects were 14 healthy adults who were informed of and agreed to the method and purpose of the study. The participants were classified into SLR groups according to two angles (over $80^{\circ}$ or under $80^{\circ}$) assessed using the SLR tests. After training and practicing the wall squat posture to be applied to the experiment, electromyography (EMG) was used to measure changes in muscle activity during the performance of a wall squat. After stretching, a sequence of pre-stretch tests were performed again, and the active and passive SLR tests were also reconducted; thereafter, a wall squat was performed again by attaching EMG electrodes. The EMG results before and after stretching were compared. Results: The muscle activity of the vastus lateralis oblique muscle increased in both groups. The muscle activity of the vastus medialis oblique muscle decreased in over both group. Rectus femorus activity increased in the under 80-degree groups but decreased in the over 80-degree group. The muscle activity of the biceps femoris muscle decreased after stretching in the over 80-degree group and increased in the under 80-degree group, and the semitendinosus muscle activity after stretching was decreased. The quadriceps-to-hamstring muscle (Q:H) ratio before and after stretching between groups showed that the hamstring muscle ratio decreased after stretching in both groups. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that the Q:H ratio before and after stretching between groups was not significantly different.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the muscle activity ratio of the lower limb according to changes in straight leg raise (SLR) test angles on hamstring muscle shortening during squat exercises. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: The subjects were 14 healthy adults who were informed of and agreed to the method and purpose of the study. The participants were classified into SLR groups according to two angles (over $80^{\circ}$ or under $80^{\circ}$) assessed using the SLR tests. After training and practicing the wall squat posture to be applied to the experiment, electromyography (EMG) was used to measure changes in muscle activity during the performance of a wall squat. After stretching, a sequence of pre-stretch tests were performed again, and the active and passive SLR tests were also reconducted; thereafter, a wall squat was performed again by attaching EMG electrodes. The EMG results before and after stretching were compared. Results: The muscle activity of the vastus lateralis oblique muscle increased in both groups. The muscle activity of the vastus medialis oblique muscle decreased in over both group. Rectus femorus activity increased in the under 80-degree groups but decreased in the over 80-degree group. The muscle activity of the biceps femoris muscle decreased after stretching in the over 80-degree group and increased in the under 80-degree group, and the semitendinosus muscle activity after stretching was decreased. The quadriceps-to-hamstring muscle (Q:H) ratio before and after stretching between groups showed that the hamstring muscle ratio decreased after stretching in both groups. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that the Q:H ratio before and after stretching between groups was not significantly different.
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제안 방법
In the previous theories, we thought that the actual Q:H ratio needed for a bad squat was affected by the hamstring muscle length and that further testing was needed to determine how it affects the actual squat. Therefore, in this study, we attempted to investigate the muscle-to-muscle ratio of the lower limb by analyzing the electromyography (EMG) findings according to the straight leg raise (SLR) test angle. Also, by identifying the muscle activity ratio (H:Q) of the lower limb according to the increased hamstring length, a more effective treatment method involving squats can be proposed.
The participants were classified into SLR groups according to two angles (over 80° or under 80°) assessed using the ASLR and PSLR tests.
To establish a consistent wall squat for each subject before the measurement, the shoulder width of the subjects was measured using a tether, and they were instructed to spread their legs according to the shoulder width, place their backs against the wall directly, bend the hip and knee joints to 90°, and slide along the wall.
At the time of the squat, the subjects were instructed to gaze at the front, and the velocity at the rate preferred by the subjects was used. Hamstring muscle stretching was applied using the hold and relax method to investigate the effect of the flexibility of the hamstring muscle on EMG recordings and the Q:H ratio. After stretching, a sequence of pre-stretch test was performed again, and the ASLR and PSLR tests were also reconducted to determine if there was any change in the joint angle; thereafter, a wall squat was performed with the application of EMG electrodes.
In this study, we compared the muscle activity of the lower limb according to the degree of hamstring muscle shortening before and after stretching and identified the Q:H ratio according to the increased hamstring muscle length to suggest a more effective treatment method in the squat exercise. The squat exercise method used in the study was the wall squat method to minimize the side effects caused by a faulty posture.
In this study, we compared the muscle activity of the lower limb according to the degree of hamstring muscle shortening before and after stretching and identified the Q:H ratio according to the increased hamstring muscle length to suggest a more effective treatment method in the squat exercise. The squat exercise method used in the study was the wall squat method to minimize the side effects caused by a faulty posture. However, the degree of muscle activity was not large, and the muscle activity of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles used in the wall squat had no significant difference.
In conclusion, in this study, we attempted to analyze the muscle activity ratio of the lower limb according changes in the SLR test angle with hamstring muscle shortening using squat exercises. The following conclusions were obtained from this study with 14 healthy individuals.
대상 데이터
The study included a total of 14 healthy students at Sahmyook University in their 20s (7 male and 7 female). The exclusion criteria were previous knee surgery and severe muscle pain.
This study was performed on 14 healthy adults 7 female and 7 male. The mean age was 23.
Fourteen subjects were evaluated for the muscle activity of the vastus lateralis oblique, vastus medialis oblique, and rectus femoris muscles, which are parts of the quadriceps muscle, before and after stretching. The maximum muscle activities of the three muscles were compared using the intra-group paired t-test and the inter-group independent sample t-test (Table 3).
The muscle activity of the biceps femoris and semitendinosus muscles, which are a part of the hamstring muscle, before and after stretching, was measured in all 14 subjects. The maximum muscle activities of these two muscles were compared using the intra-group paired t-test and the inter-group independent t-test (Table 4).
In conclusion, in this study, we attempted to analyze the muscle activity ratio of the lower limb according changes in the SLR test angle with hamstring muscle shortening using squat exercises. The following conclusions were obtained from this study with 14 healthy individuals.
데이터처리
, Armonk, NY, USA). After the normality test, the pre-intervention/post-intervention change in the PSLR and ASLR test and EMG results and the results within both groups were analyzed using the paired t-test. Additionally, to compare the effects between the two groups, an independent t-test was used.
After the normality test, the pre-intervention/post-intervention change in the PSLR and ASLR test and EMG results and the results within both groups were analyzed using the paired t-test. Additionally, to compare the effects between the two groups, an independent t-test was used. The statistical significance level was set at p<0.
The ASLR and PSLR test changes before and after stretching in all subjects were compared using the paired t-test and independent t-test (Table 2). The ASLR and PSLR test changes after hamstring muscle stretching were significantly different (p<0.
이론/모형
The participants were classified into SLR groups according to two angles (over 80° or under 80°) assessed using the ASLR and PSLR tests. The functional movement screen and selective functional movement assessment were used for this study [19]. The digital inclinometer (Dualer IQ Pro, 2005; JTECH Medical, Salt Lake City, UT, USA) was used and the mean value was recorded three times.
Fourteen subjects were evaluated for the muscle activity of the vastus lateralis oblique, vastus medialis oblique, and rectus femoris muscles, which are parts of the quadriceps muscle, before and after stretching. The maximum muscle activities of the three muscles were compared using the intra-group paired t-test and the inter-group independent sample t-test (Table 3). The muscle activity of the vastus lateralis oblique muscle increased in both groups; however, there was no difference between the groups.
성능/효과
First, there was a clear difference between the results of hamstring muscle stretching and non-hamstring muscle stretching (p<0.05).
Third, the Q:H ratio before and after stretching between groups was not significantly different. Both groups showed a decreased hamstring muscle ratio after stretching compared to before stretching.
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