[논문]한국 노인의 TEMPA 표준치, 손기능과 근력에 관한 연구

이창대; 정민예; 박지혁; 김종배

doi:10.22683/tsnr.2019.8.2.043

한국 노인의 TEMPA 표준치, 손기능과 근력에 관한 연구
Normative Data of the Upper Extremity Performance Test for the Elderly (TEMPA) for Korean Older Adults and Characteristics of Hand Function and Strength 원문보기

Therapeutic science for rehabilitation = 재활치료과학, v.8 no.2, 2019년, pp.43 - 53

이창대 (New York University, 작업치료학과) , 정민예 (연세대학교 보건과학대학 작업치료학과) , 박지혁 (연세대학교 보건과학대학 작업치료학과) , 김종배 (연세대학교 보건과학대학 작업치료학과)

초록
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목적 : 본 연구의 목적은 Upper extremity performance test for elderly (TEMPA)의 한국 노인 표준치를 제시하고, 수집된 자료를 바탕으로 한국 노인의 연령별, 성별 손 기능의 특성과 근력의 차이를 알아보는 것이다. 연구방법 : 연구에 참여한 대상자는 60세 이상의 손 기능에 장애가 없는 노인 103명이었다. 손 기능의 특성을 알아보기 위하여 모든 대상자에게 TEMPA 평가를 시행하였고, Jarmar dynamometer, pinch gauge를 사용하여 손과 손가락 근력을 평가하였다. 결과 : 나이가 증가함에 따라 수행 속도와 소 근육의 움직임의 질이 유의미하게 감소하였다. 남성 노인의 수행 속도와 소 근육 움직임의 질이 여성 노인보다 더 높게 유지 되었다. 노인의 손과 손가락의 근력 또한 연령이 증가함에 따라 유의미하게 감소하였다. 결론 : 작업치료사는 노인의 손 기능과 근력 감소에 대한 관심을 가지고 그 기능 수준을 유지하기 위한 중재를 제공하는 것이 필요할 것이다. 본 연구를 통해 TEMPA의 한국 노인 표준치가 확립되었다. 이 자료가 임상적 평가 및 근거 기반의 연구에 있어 유용하게 쓰이기를 기대한다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Objective : This study aimed to identify the characteristics of hand function according to age and sex in older adults. Methods : This study included 103 healthy adults aged ${\geq}60$ years. The Korean version of TEMPA was used to assess hand function and a Jamar dynamometer and pinch gauge were used to assess hand and pinch strength in all participants. Results : The results of hand function assessment showed that speed of task execution (mean = 121.32 s, SD = 18.07 s in subjects aged 60-69; mean = 144.97 s, SD = 28.43 s in subjects aged 70-79; and mean = 160.93 s, SD = 38.33 s in subjects aged ${\geq}80$, p < .001) and fine movement (mean score = -.14, SD = .40 in subjects aged 60-69; mean score = -.63, SD = 1.07 in subjects aged 70-79; and mean score = -.57, SD = .65 in subjects aged ${\geq}80$, p = .01) decreased significantly with age. The male group showed better speed of task execution (mean = 133.54, SD = 22.83 in males vs. mean = 150.55, SD = 39.89 in females, p < .01) and fine movement (mean score = -.16, SD = .37 in males vs. mean score = -.46, SD = .58 in females, p < .01) than the female group. Hand strength also decreased significantly with age (p < .05, to p < .001). Conclusion : Occupational therapists should be aware of the decline in hand function (especially speed of task execution and fine movement) and strength in older adults, as well as the need to provide interventions to treat this decline.

주제어

표/그림 (4)

표 Table 1. General Participants Information
표 Table 2. Comparison of TEMPA results among age groups
표 Table 3. Comparison of TEMPA Results Between Sexes
표 Table 4. Comparison of hand strength (kg) among age groups and between sexes

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문제 정의

The purpose of the study was to identify characteristics and changes in hand function according to age and sex in older adults. The results showed that agility, qualitative movement, and hand and pinch strength decreased with age; the findings were consistent with those of previous studies(Carmeli et al.
Therefore, the purpose of the study was to investigate the characteristics of hand function according to age and sex in older adults using TEMPA and hand and pinch strength tests.
This study identified the characteristics of hand function in older adults. As hand agility, fine movement, and hand and pinch strength decline, occupational therapists need to provide interventions to prevent impairment and restore and improve hand function in older adults, with special focus on fine movement, which shows the earliest decline.

제안 방법

Participants performed the TEMPA Korean version and the hand and pinch strength tests in consecutive order. Palmar grasp, lateral pinch, tripod pinch, and tip pinch strength were measured 3 times repeatedly, with a 60-s pause for recovery between measurements.
After a brief interview, only participants who met the inclusion criteria were informed about the purpose and process of the assessment. The participants were community-dwelling older adults and data were collected through continuous sampling. This study was approved by the institutional review board (IRB) at Yonsei University and written informed consent was obtained from all participants.

대상 데이터

The study included 103 adults aged ≥60 years (Table 1).

데이터처리

The independent t-test and one-way analysis of variance were used to compare the results for speed of execution according to age group and sex; the Scheffe test was used for post-hoc analysis. The chi-square test was used to compare the results for functional rating and task analysis. We used SPSS (Version 21.
Descriptive statistics were used to analyze general patient information. The independent t-test and one-way analysis of variance were used to compare the results for speed of execution according to age group and sex; the Scheffe test was used for post-hoc analysis. The chi-square test was used to compare the results for functional rating and task analysis.

성능/효과

The results showed that overall speed of execution was greater in males than in females, as well as for assigned tasks such as ‘pick-up and move a jar’, ‘write and affix a postage stamp’, and ‘shuffle and deal cards’ (p < .01).

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