한국 성인의 TEMPA 표준치, 손기능과 근력에 관한 연구 Normative Data of Upper Extremity Performance Test for Elderly (TEMPA) for Korean Adult Population and Characteristics of Hand Function and Strength원문보기
목적 : 본 연구의 목적은 한국 성인의Upper extremity performance test for elderly (TEMPA) 표준치를 제시하고, 수집된 자료를 바탕으로 성인의 손 기능의 특성과 근력의 차이를 연령별, 성별로 알아보는 것이다. 연구방법 : 연구에 참여한 대상자는 20세에서 59세 사이의 손 기능에 장애가 없는 성인 138명이었다. 손 기능의 특성과 근력을 평가하기 위하여 모든 대상자에게 TEMPA, Jarmar dynamometer, pinch gauge를 시행하였다. 결과 : 성인의 손 기능에는 연령별, 성별 차이가 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보이지는 않았지만, 40대와 50대에서 수행 속도가 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 성인의 근력은 40대에서 가장 높은 수준의 근력을 보였으며 50대에서 감소하는 경향을 보였지만 대부분의 결과에서 유의미한 차이는 없었다. 결론 : 작업치료사는 중년 성인의 손기능과 근력에서 나타나는 감소의 전조 증상에 대한 관심과 그 기능 수준을 유지하기 위한 교육 프로그램을 제공하는 것이 필요할 것이다. 본 연구를 통해 한국 성인의 TEMPA 표준치가 확립되었다. 이 표준치가 임상적 평가 및 근거 기반연구에 있어 유용한 자료가 되기를 기대한다.
목적 : 본 연구의 목적은 한국 성인의Upper extremity performance test for elderly (TEMPA) 표준치를 제시하고, 수집된 자료를 바탕으로 성인의 손 기능의 특성과 근력의 차이를 연령별, 성별로 알아보는 것이다. 연구방법 : 연구에 참여한 대상자는 20세에서 59세 사이의 손 기능에 장애가 없는 성인 138명이었다. 손 기능의 특성과 근력을 평가하기 위하여 모든 대상자에게 TEMPA, Jarmar dynamometer, pinch gauge를 시행하였다. 결과 : 성인의 손 기능에는 연령별, 성별 차이가 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보이지는 않았지만, 40대와 50대에서 수행 속도가 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 성인의 근력은 40대에서 가장 높은 수준의 근력을 보였으며 50대에서 감소하는 경향을 보였지만 대부분의 결과에서 유의미한 차이는 없었다. 결론 : 작업치료사는 중년 성인의 손기능과 근력에서 나타나는 감소의 전조 증상에 대한 관심과 그 기능 수준을 유지하기 위한 교육 프로그램을 제공하는 것이 필요할 것이다. 본 연구를 통해 한국 성인의 TEMPA 표준치가 확립되었다. 이 표준치가 임상적 평가 및 근거 기반연구에 있어 유용한 자료가 되기를 기대한다.
Objective : The purpose of this study was establishing clinical norms of TEMPA Korean version for Korean adult population in addition to identifying characteristics of hand function by age and gender based on the collected data. Methods : A total of 138 healthy adults between ages 20 and 59 were rec...
Objective : The purpose of this study was establishing clinical norms of TEMPA Korean version for Korean adult population in addition to identifying characteristics of hand function by age and gender based on the collected data. Methods : A total of 138 healthy adults between ages 20 and 59 were recruited by continuous sampling. All subjects had been employed TEMPA Korean version and Jarmar dynamometer and pinch gauge to evaluate hand function and strength. Results : The results showed that there were no statistically significant difference in overall hand function among the age groups and between genders. Also, while there were no significant differences in overall speed and qualitative movement, age groups of 40s and 50s showed a declining tendency in speed in some of the tasks. Also, hand strength increases up to 40s and start declining from the 50s, but most results did not show significant differences among the age groups. Conclusion : Normative data of TEMPA Korean version for Korean adult population was established, therefore, it can be used in clinical setting and research as evidence based. Furthermore, occupational therapists need to consider about the signs of decline in hand function and strength in middle-aged adults and to provide education programs to maintain their hand function.
Objective : The purpose of this study was establishing clinical norms of TEMPA Korean version for Korean adult population in addition to identifying characteristics of hand function by age and gender based on the collected data. Methods : A total of 138 healthy adults between ages 20 and 59 were recruited by continuous sampling. All subjects had been employed TEMPA Korean version and Jarmar dynamometer and pinch gauge to evaluate hand function and strength. Results : The results showed that there were no statistically significant difference in overall hand function among the age groups and between genders. Also, while there were no significant differences in overall speed and qualitative movement, age groups of 40s and 50s showed a declining tendency in speed in some of the tasks. Also, hand strength increases up to 40s and start declining from the 50s, but most results did not show significant differences among the age groups. Conclusion : Normative data of TEMPA Korean version for Korean adult population was established, therefore, it can be used in clinical setting and research as evidence based. Furthermore, occupational therapists need to consider about the signs of decline in hand function and strength in middle-aged adults and to provide education programs to maintain their hand function.
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문제 정의
The purpose of this study was establishing normative data of Korean TEMPA as well as identifying the characteristics of hand function and strength by age and gender based on the collected data from the adult population. The result that there was no difference in overall speed and qualitative movement among adult groups coheres with the former studies (Chae & Lee, 1997).
Thus, if this valid and reliable measurement has more normative data for various population, it would be a considerable value to occupational therapy practitioners. Therefore, the purposes of this study were establishing the normative data of TEMPA Korean version for adult population, as well as identifying the characteristics of the hand function and strength in adult population through TEMPA Korean version and hand pinch strength tests.
This study has significance in establishing norms of TEMPA Korean version for the adult population. With this data we hope more Korean researchers and occupational therapy practitioners use TEMPA in research and during intervention.
제안 방법
All participants were administered TEMPA Korean version tasks, followed by the hand and finger strength tests. All measurements were performed with the same examiner.
All measurements were performed with the same examiner. During hand and finger strength measurements, participants were measured three times for each measurement (palmar grasp, lateral pinch, tripod pinch, and tip pinch), and a 60-second pause was provided as recovery between the three measurements. The outcome was presented with the mean of the measurements.
The limitation of this study was that we used continuous sampling for recruiting participants. Due to the non-probability sampling we could not control factors such as the education level, the occupation, or body mass index (BMI) of the test subjects, which can affect a person’s hand functions(LaCroix, Guralnik, Berkman, Wallace, & Satterfield, 1993; Russo et al.
Task analysis measures the difficulty that the subject feels during the performance of the tasks. The task analysis consists of five subcategories, which are: range of movement, strength, control of gross movement, prehensions patterns, and fine movement. Both functional rating and task analysis use a four-point scale (0 to -3 point).
TEMPA was developed by Desrosiers and her colleagues (1993) to assess hand functions of older adults. The tool consists of 9 tasks (4 unilateral, 5 bilateral tasks) which were selected among daily living activities through a task analysis. Three sub-scores are used to evaluate each of the tasks: speed of execution, functional rating, and task analysis.
대상 데이터
A total of 138 adults, from 20 years old to 59years old participated in the study. The participants who meet inclusion criteria of the study were recruited by continuous sampling (Table 1).
데이터처리
To analyze participants’ general information, descriptive statistical analysis was used. Comparisons of speed of execution between and among age group and gender were analyzed by the independent t test and one-way ANOVA, and Scheffe test was used for post-hoc. The result of the functional rating and task analysis were compared by the chi-square test.
Comparisons of speed of execution between and among age group and gender were analyzed by the independent t test and one-way ANOVA, and Scheffe test was used for post-hoc. The result of the functional rating and task analysis were compared by the chi-square test. To analyze the outcomes, SPSS (win 21.
이론/모형
The task analysis consists of five subcategories, which are: range of movement, strength, control of gross movement, prehensions patterns, and fine movement. Both functional rating and task analysis use a four-point scale (0 to -3 point). Korean version TEMPA’s test-retest reliability was .
성능/효과
Between genders, there was no significant difference in the overall speed of execution, functional rating, and task analysis scores, although some of the tasks’ results presented that females’ speed of execution was faster than males’.
There was no difference in overall speed of execution between genders, however the result of each tasks showed that the speed of execution of females was faster than males. Females were faster in three tasks which were: ‘pour water from a pitcher into a glass – left’ (p<.
Nonetheless, contrary to the speed and qualitative movement results, hand and pinch strength, except right lateral pinch strength in the 40s, is well maintained until the 50s. While the results of change in hand and pinch strength by age were not statistically significant, the hand and pinch strength tended to increase until the 40s and slightly decrease after the 50s. The result has discrepancy with the previous studies which reported that, generally, hand strength peaks in 30s and started decreasing after 40s (Kim, Jeon, Kim, Jeong, & Koo, 2018; Massy-Westropp, Gill, Taylor, Bohannon, & Hill, 2011).
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