Mohammadzadeh, Soleiman
(Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist, Neurosciences Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences)
,
Baghi, Narmin
(Neurosciences Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences)
,
Yousefi, Fayegh
(Neurosciences Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences)
,
Yousefzamani, Bahar
(Besat Hospital, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences)
Background: Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common chronic behavioral disorders in school-aged children. Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of omega-3 supplementation as an alternative therapy for ADHD, which can be caused by vitamin and mineral defic...
Background: Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common chronic behavioral disorders in school-aged children. Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of omega-3 supplementation as an alternative therapy for ADHD, which can be caused by vitamin and mineral deficiencies. Methods: This was a double-blinded clinical trial study. Sixty-six children with ADHD (aged 6-12 years) referred to our child and adolescent psychiatric educational and therapeutic clinic were selected based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision criteria. Instruments including the Parent ADHD Rating Scale were used to assess ADHD at 0, 2, 4, and 8 weeks during the study. Results: The results showed no statistically significant difference between the methylphenidate with omega-3 group and methylphenidate with placebo group based on the Parents ADHD Rating Scale between week 0 ($P{\geq}0.96$) and week 8 ($P{\geq}0.75$). There were no significant intergroup differences between the Inattention ($P{\geq}0.48$) and hyperactivity/impulsivity ($P{\geq}0.80$) subscale scores on the Parents ADHD Rating Scale. The most common drug complications in the methylphenidate with placebo and methylphenidate with omega-3 groups were anorexia (27 [54%] vs. 41 [60.29%], respectively) and diarrhea (10 [20%] vs. 8 [11.76%], respectively), but the differences were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that a specific dose of omega-3 for 8 weeks had no effect on ADHD.
Background: Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common chronic behavioral disorders in school-aged children. Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of omega-3 supplementation as an alternative therapy for ADHD, which can be caused by vitamin and mineral deficiencies. Methods: This was a double-blinded clinical trial study. Sixty-six children with ADHD (aged 6-12 years) referred to our child and adolescent psychiatric educational and therapeutic clinic were selected based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision criteria. Instruments including the Parent ADHD Rating Scale were used to assess ADHD at 0, 2, 4, and 8 weeks during the study. Results: The results showed no statistically significant difference between the methylphenidate with omega-3 group and methylphenidate with placebo group based on the Parents ADHD Rating Scale between week 0 ($P{\geq}0.96$) and week 8 ($P{\geq}0.75$). There were no significant intergroup differences between the Inattention ($P{\geq}0.48$) and hyperactivity/impulsivity ($P{\geq}0.80$) subscale scores on the Parents ADHD Rating Scale. The most common drug complications in the methylphenidate with placebo and methylphenidate with omega-3 groups were anorexia (27 [54%] vs. 41 [60.29%], respectively) and diarrhea (10 [20%] vs. 8 [11.76%], respectively), but the differences were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that a specific dose of omega-3 for 8 weeks had no effect on ADHD.
* AI 자동 식별 결과로 적합하지 않은 문장이 있을 수 있으니, 이용에 유의하시기 바랍니다.
가설 설정
Therefore, in a double-blinded clinical trial, the researchers investigated the efficacy of omega-3 supplementation as an adjunct therapy with methylphenidate in ADHD patients. Our hypothesis was that the combination of omega-3 with methylphenidate is more effective than methylphenidate with placebo.
제안 방법
One group received omega-3 and -6 supplements and the other group received placebo. At 3 and 6 months after the start of the study, the treatment outcomes were assessed through the checklist given to the parents of children. There were statistically significant improvements in the case group in terms of: restlessness, aggression, fulfilling works and academic performance(P<0.
Then, from the second week, one omega-3 capsule was given in the morning and one was given in the afternoon and also it was given in placebo group similarity. For the participants, the ADHD Rating Scale (parents) test was completed before the start of the treatment and at weeks 2, 4, and 8 to determine the severity of ADHD symptoms.
Patients began treatment after a structured clinical psychiatric interview and physical examination. Physical examination was performed for heart rate, blood pressure, and weight before the treatment. The demographic information checklists were filled after selecting the samples.
A checklist was used to investigate the possible side effects of the drug in which the side effects reported for omega-3 and methylphenidate supplements were registered. Positive complications were recorded in the checklist in the 2nd, 4th, and 8th weeks after the start of the study, and if other complications were seen, they were also recorded.
As a reliable and valid tool, it is used to assess the severity of ADHD symptoms and the rate of response to treatment in children and adolescents, which has 2 versions of parents and teachers. The purpose of the mentioned instrument was to deliver a method for obtaining teacher and parent ratings for clinical professionals, according to the frequency of each of the ADHD symptoms based on DSM-IV criteria.
This study was a double-blinded clinical trial. The study population consisted of children with ADHD referred to the children and adolescent psychiatric clinic of Besat Hospital in Sanandaj, Iran, 2016.
In a study, the effects of omega-3 and -6 supplements have been evaluated in the treatment of methylphenidate-resistant ADHD children. This study was conducted on children aged 6 to 12 with ADHD who have been treated more than 6 months with methylphenidate and behavioral therapy.
대상 데이터
In addition, the patient, parents and the person who administrated the medications, were blinded, while the pharmacist was unblinded. Omega-3 EPA capsules (180 mg) and DHA (120 mg) and placebo (olive oil) were given to patients as pockets (1 and 2) as the same gel-shaped capsules produced by the Zahrawi Tabriz-Iran drug factory. One group of patients was treated with methylphenidate with an omega-3 supplement and one group was treated with Methylphenidate with placebo.
The study population consisted of children with ADHD referred to the children and adolescent psychiatric clinic of Besat Hospital in Sanandaj, Iran, 2016. The study population consisted of 66 children (49 boys and 17 girls) aged 6 to 12 years old who were selected through simple random sampling. Also, the sample size based on α=0.
데이터처리
, Armonk, NY, USA) and the percentage, mean, and standard deviation were used for descriptive statistics. For analyzing the hypotheses of the research, t test and repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used.
성능/효과
In conclusion, although supplements and alternative therapies are widely used in the treatment of ADHD, the results of our study showed that omega-3 had no effect on ADHD with the specified dose and over a period of 8 weeks. Overall, the results of our study were negative.
In our study, there was no significant difference between ADHD Parent rating Scale subscales in the 2 treatment groups over a period of 8 weeks. However, the mean scores of attention deficit and hyperactivity of ADHD Rating Scales subscales decreased over the course of 8 weeks.
The results of repeated measure ANOVA for ADHD-rating scale parent/total within-group effects showed that there was no significant difference between the treatment groups (F=0.39, P≥0.75).
The results of repeated measure ANOVA for within-group effects of attention-deficit subscale showed that there was no significant difference during the weeks of treatment (F=0.79, P≥0.48).
The results showed that there was no significant difference between the 2 groups of methylphenidate with omega-3 and methylphenidate with placebo based on the parents ADHD Rating Scale for 8 weeks (P=0.692). Also, there was no significant difference between attention-deficit (P=0.
참고문헌 (35)
Antai-Otong, Deborah, Zimmerman, Michele L..
Treatment Approaches to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.
The Nursing clinics of North America,
vol.51,
no.2,
199-211.
CONNOR, DANIEL F..
Preschool Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Review of Prevalence, Diagnosis, Neurobiology, and Stimulant Treatment :.
Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBP,
vol.23,
no.suppl,
S1-S9.
Rowland, Andrew S., Lesesne, Catherine A., Abramowitz, Ann J..
The epidemiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): A public health view.
Mental retardation and developmental disabilities research reviews,
vol.8,
no.3,
162-170.
MICK, ERIC, BIEDERMAN, JOSEPH, FARAONE, STEPHEN V., SAYER, JULIE, KLEINMAN, SETH.
Case-Control Study of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Maternal Smoking, Alcohol Use, and Drug Use During Pregnancy.
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry,
vol.41,
no.4,
378-385.
Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children: rationale for its integrative management Kidd 402 2000
Chen, Jiun-Rong, Hsu, Shiou-Fung, Hsu, Cheng-Dien, Hwang, Lih-Hsueh, Yang, Suh-Ching.
Dietary patterns and blood fatty acid composition in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in Taiwan.
The Journal of nutritional biochemistry,
vol.15,
no.8,
467-472.
Sinn, Natalie, Bryan, Janet.
Effect of Supplementation with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Micronutrients on Learning and Behavior Problems Associated with Child ADHD.
Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBP,
vol.28,
no.2,
82-91.
Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in the treatment of children and adolescents with ADHD Aben 89 2010
Bloch, M.H., Qawasmi, A..
Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation for the Treatment of Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptomatology: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry,
vol.50,
no.10,
991-1000.
Perera, Hemamali, Jeewandara, Kamal Chandima, Seneviratne, Sudarshi, Guruge, Chandima.
Combined ω3 and ω6 Supplementation in Children With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Refractory to Methylphenidate Treatment : A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study.
Journal of child neurology,
vol.27,
no.6,
747-753.
Colter, Ashley L, Cutler, Caroline, Meckling, Kelly Anne.
Fatty acid status and behavioural symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in adolescents: A case-control study.
Nutrition journal,
vol.7,
no.1,
8-8.
Bazinet, Richard P., Layé, Sophie.
Polyunsaturated fatty acids and their metabolites in brain function and disease.
Nature reviews. Neuroscience,
vol.15,
no.12,
771-785.
Vancassel, S., Blondeau, C., Lallemand, S., Cador, M., Linard, A., Lavialle, M., Dellu-Hagedorn, F..
Hyperactivity in the rat is associated with spontaneous low level of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the frontal cortex.
Behavioural brain research,
vol.180,
no.2,
119-126.
Kirley, Aiveen, Hawi, Ziarih, Daly, Grainne, McCarron, Mary, Mullins, Celine, Millar, Niamh, Waldman, Irwin, Fitzgerald, Michael, Gill, Michael.
opaminergic System Genes in ADHD : Toward a Biological Hypothesis.
Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology,
vol.27,
no.4,
607-619.
Carlson, Robert V, van Ginneken, Nadja H, Pettigrew, Luisa M, Davies, Alan, Boyd, Kenneth M, Webb, David J.
The three official language versions of the Declaration of Helsinki: what’s lost in translation?.
Journal of medical ethics,
vol.33,
no.9,
545-548.
Zhang, S., Faries, D.E., Vowles, M., Michelson, D..
ADHD rating scale IV: psychometric properties from a multinational study as clinician-administered instrument.
International journal of methods in psychiatric research,
vol.14,
no.4,
186-201.
Amiri, Shahrokh, Farhang, Sara, Ghoreishizadeh, Mohammad Ali, Malek, Ayyoub, Mohammadzadeh, Soleiman.
Double‐blind controlled trial of venlafaxine for treatment of adults with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
Human psychopharmacology,
vol.27,
no.1,
76-81.
Memantine versus methylphenidate in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a double-blind, randomized clinical trial Mohammadi 106 2015
Mohammadzadeh, Soleiman, Ahangari, Tina Kaveh, Yousefi, Fayegh.
The effect of memantine in adult patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
Human psychopharmacology,
vol.34,
no.1,
e2687-.
Kuperman, Samuel, Perry, Paul J., Gaffney, Gary R., Lund, Brian C., Bever-Stille, Kristine A., Arndt, Stephan, Holman, Timothy L., Moser, David J., Paulsen, Jane S..
Bupropion SR vs. Methylphenidate vs. Placebo for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Adults.
Annals of clinical psychiatry : official journal of the American Academy of Clinical Psychiatrists,
vol.13,
no.3,
129-134.
Barragán, Eduardo, Breuer, Dieter, Döpfner, Manfred.
Efficacy and Safety of Omega-3/6 Fatty Acids, Methylphenidate, and a Combined Treatment in Children With ADHD.
Journal of attention disorders,
vol.21,
no.5,
433-441.
Bos, Dienke J, Oranje, Bob, Veerhoek, E Sanne, Van Diepen, Rosanne M, Weusten, Juliette MH, Demmelmair, Hans, Koletzko, Berthold, de Sain-van der Velden, Monique GM, Eilander, Ans, Hoeksma, Marco, Durston, Sarah.
Reduced Symptoms of Inattention after Dietary Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation in Boys with and without Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.
Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology,
vol.40,
no.10,
2298-2306.
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.