[논문]국내 서양종꿀벌 순계의 형태적 특징

올가프런제; 최용수; 김동원; 박보선; 박희근; 강은진

doi:10.5656/ksae.2020.10.0.056

국내 서양종꿀벌 순계의 형태적 특징
Morphometric Characterization of Honey Bee, Apis mellifera Linnaeus, Inbred Lines in Korea 원문보기

한국응용곤충학회지 = Korean journal of applied entomology, v.59 no.4, 2020년, pp.371 - 382

올가프런제 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생물부) , 최용수 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생물부) , 김동원 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생물부) , 박보선 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생물부) , 박희근 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생물부) , 강은진 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생물부)

초록
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이탈리안벌인 A, C, F계통과 코카시안벌인 D, V계통을 2005년부터 2007년까지 국내에서 수집하였다. 수집한 계통은 육종을 위해 격리된 섬에서 근친교배를 통해 순계로 분리하였다. 이 연구는 꿀, 로열젤리 다수확계통 선발에 있어 개체군 선발과 육종 효율을 높이기 위해 수행되었다. 23 개의 형태학적 특성을 평가하고 두 아종의 기존 데이터와 비교한 결과, 이탈리안벌 순계계통은 코카시안벌 순계 계통과 달리8개의 특성이 기존의 이탈리안벌과 유사해 더 많은 특성이 보존되고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 국내에서 유지되고 있는 순계들은 타 지역의 동일 계통과 차이를 보여 분리된 순계의 형태적인 특징이 확인되었다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

The A, C, F colonies of Apis mellifera ligustica Spin. and D, V colony of Apis mellifera caucasia Gorb. bees were collected from 2005-2007. Consequently, inbred lines were derived from the bees of original colonies by matting in the isolated island with due regard for pure breeding. This project helps in the selection of colonies with higher production capacity, aiming to improve honey and royal jelly production and breeding programs. Twenty-three standard morphological traits of honeybee were evaluated, and samples were compared with the data of the two original subspecies. The result suggested that 8 traits partly preserved in bees of inbred lines, and the bees from A. m. ligustica preserved more traits than bees from A. m. caucasia. Among the studied inbred lines, the F line is distinguished by an increase in leg parameters, considered as a favorable phenotypic trait of inbred lines. Importantly, bred of beelines in the same area can be classified as remote and isolated areas. Therefore, we observed differences of inbred lines with the origin subspecies in description acquired with morphometric characteristics as a result of adaptation, breeding, purebred individual lines used as an important resource for breeding novel cross-breeding colonies.

주제어

표/그림 (9)

표 Table 1. The origin of honeybee colony A.mellifera L. in Korea
그림 Fig. 1. Two-dimensional map of inbred honey bee lines using the classical scaling algorithm on twenty-two morphometric characters (classical MDS). Bees of line F are observed in separate cloud.
그림 Fig. 3. Phylogenetic tree based on the morphometric characteristics of breeding lines of bees A.mellifera, software WinClada with NONA. Outgroup is a group with no severity of characters. Above the line is the number of the characters (Table 2, 3), under the line is the degree of expression of different characters from 0 to 3. Characters 23 shows the color of the individual: 0 - yellow, 1 - there are individuals with both black and yellow, 2 - black. The color is divided into 2 groups: the first includes bees of lines V and F, the second - A, C, D.
그림 Fig. 2. The discrimination model the dataset of honey bee lines on clouds using methods Soft k-means (Dunn, 1973; Bezdek, 1981). + △ ○ designations of samples distributed in different clouds based on the results of calculations methods Soft k-means. The MDS data grouping model is confirmed by clustering.
표 Table 2. Morphometric characters of the studied lines of bees A, C, D
표 Table 3. Morphometric characters of the studied lines of bees F, V
그림 Fig. 4. Mean and Standard Deviation of 8 morphometric characters of the inbred bee lines A, C, F in comparison with the standard data of the initial bees A. m. ligustica (Shiabi et al., 2007; Ruttner, 1988; Lien, 2018). Used one-way ANOVA, posthoc Tukey's Test, ɑ=0.05.*Unstable characters indicate significant differences: A* (F=7.20, df=231, P=0.0001); B* (bees lines A=bees A. m. ligustica, F=7.0551; df=182; P=0.0002), C* (F=4.0215; df=183; P=0.0084). **Stable characters don't indicate significant differences: D**, E**, F**, G**. H: standard data for A. m. ligustica are represented by average values and therefore was no made statistical comparison.
그림 Fig. 5. Mean and Standard Deviation of 8 morphometric characters of the inbred bee line D, V in comparison with the standard data of the initial bees A. m. caucasia Gorb. Used one-way ANOVA, posthoc Tukey's Test, ɑ=0.05. *Unstable characters indicate significant differences: A* (F=7.011177, df=170, P=0.00119); B* (F=5963.6; df=170; P=0.0000001), C* (F=895,9881; df=132; P=0.0009), D* (F=3358.6, df=170, P=0.0001), F* (F=4.903456, df=162, P=0.008574), E* (F=7.707876, df=120, P=0.00071) G, H: standard data for A. m. caucasia are represented by average values and therefore was no made statistical comparison.
그림 Fig. 6. The classification of inbred lines A. mellifera L. and origin colonies A. m. ligustica, A. m. caucasia based on hierarchical cluster analysis Ward's method (Legendre and Legendre, 2012). It was shown that according to 8 subspecies morphometric characters, bees of the studied lines were allocated into a separate group.

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문제 정의

Studies on the morphometric changes of lines of bees through the loss of their original traits have been showed. Hence, the findings of this study provide an evaluation of bee breeding resources for contribution to the current project and breed of new line Korean honeybee gen resources.

가설 설정

**Stable characters don't indicate significant differences: D**, E**, F**, G**. H: standard data for A. m. ligustica are represented by average values and therefore was no made statistical comparison.

제안 방법

The most significant characteristics of each beeline were identified when constructing phylogenetic trees in the WinClada program with the Nona application. All data were evaluated by descriptive statistics for normal distribution to obtain a numerical description of the morphometric traits of bees. The method of one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and posthoc Tukey's test was used to compare parameters 3 more colony bees.
The assessment of data on the discrimination model of bees by the method of multidimensional scaling (MDS) and method Soft k-means in the R program was carried out. The most significant characteristics of each beeline were identified when constructing phylogenetic trees in the WinClada program with the Nona application.
The bee was dissected, the measurements were carried out using a Leica MZ16 A stereomicroscope and the TCapture computer program.
For this reason, the discrimination of five inbred lines was carried out by Multidimensional scaling. The goal of its classical MDS-given pairwise dissimilarities, reconstruct a map that preserves distances. Each point is the coordinate of the distance, calculated from 22 morphometric parameters.

데이터처리

3): **a trait that significant distinguishes the bee lines A, C, D. Used one-way ANOVA, posthoc Tukey's Test, a=0.05.

이론/모형

1. Two-dimensional map of inbred honey bee lines using the classical scaling algorithm on twenty-two morphometric characters (classical MDS). Bees of line F are observed in separate cloud.
m. caucasia carry out used the hierarchical cluster analysis Ward's method (Legendre and Legendre, 2012).
m. caucasia evaluated by using the morphometric method.

성능/효과

At the same time, the traits indicated in the literature as productive characters partially coincide with subspecies, for example, wing parameters (length, width, indices). For bees, the wing parameters (length, width, cubital index Goetze) were the same in comparison with bees of the corresponding subspecies, and the tarsal index was increased. Since the high productivity of lines has been studied earlier, there are reasons to consider these signs as a general parameter of high productivity of bee lines with both honey and royal jelly productivity.
Subspecies characters unstable showed phenotypic variability not typical for bees in natural habitat (3 for A. m. ligustica bees, all for A. m. caucasia subspecies bees). Based on this, we observe the example changes of subspecies traits of inbred beelines based on introduced bees.
The structural features of line F bees noted on the MDS plot, are expressed in an increased tarsal index (respectively) by 5.6 - 2.6% compared to bees of lines A and C, an elongated proboscis by 0.5%, increased by 2.3% of the length of tergites 3 while maintaining the minimum body size.

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표제어: PCR

동의어: Packet Collision Rate

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