[논문]부유챔버를 이용한 화장품의 미세먼지 부착방지 효과 평가법

김원철; 김한조; 부용출; 고재숙; 백지훈

doi:10.15230/scsk.2020.46.4.319

초록
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미세먼지(Particulate matter, PM)는 피부 장벽의 기능을 저하시키고 염증성 피부 질환 및 외인성 노화를 유발하는 대기 오염원이다. 본 연구에서는 대체 미세먼지로서 iron oxide black을 이용하여 화장품에 의한 미세먼지의 피부 부착 방지효과를 평가하였다. 미세먼지 부유챔버는 피부노출부위, 미세먼지 주입구, 부유동력장치, 배출구로 구성하여 미세먼지가 챔버내에서 부유 중 피부에 자연스럽게 부착될 수 있도록 제작하였다. 대체 미세먼지의 부유농도에 따른 피부 밝기 변화를 확인하여 최적의 부유농도 조건을 확인하였다. Iron oxide black의 피부부착 전·후의 밝기차이 (미세먼지 부착 전 밝기 - 미세먼지 부착 후 밝기, Δ)는 미세먼지의 양에 비례한다. 또한, 화장품 5종에 대하여 각각 20명의 피험자를 대상으로 제품 도포군과 무도포 대조군으로 나누어 부유 대체 미세먼지에 대한 피부부착 방지효과를 확인하였다. 피부에 부착된 iron oxide black의 전·후 밝기 차이를 계산하여 대조군과 비교분석하였다(p < 0.05). 시험에 최소 150 mg 이상의 iron oxide black을 사용할 때 농도에 따른 피부 밝기 변화 양상이 뚜렷하게 나타났다. 최적의 부유농도에서 피부와 대체미세먼지의 밝기 간섭이 적고 피부 부착 패턴이 선명하게 나타났다. 5종의 화장품을 피부에 도포할 경우 iron oxide black의 부착양이 대조군에 비해 통계적으로 유의하게 낮았다. 이는 제품에 따라 iron oxide black의 부착을 방지 함을 의미한다. 본 연구는 대체 미세먼지로서 iron oxide black의 피부 부착양상을 확인하고, 화장품에 의한 부착 방지효과를 평가하는 안전하고 유용한 방법이다. 화장품의 다양한 제형이나 원료의 특성에 따라 미세먼지가 피부에 부착되는 것을 방지할수 있음을 확인하였다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Particulate matters (PM) are small particulate pollution that decrease the function of skin barrier, which causes inflammatory skin diseases and extrinsic aging. In this study, we evaluated the effect of preventing the adherence of PMs from several cosmetic products applied to human skin using iron ...

Particulate matters (PM) are small particulate pollution that decrease the function of skin barrier, which causes inflammatory skin diseases and extrinsic aging. In this study, we evaluated the effect of preventing the adherence of PMs from several cosmetic products applied to human skin using iron oxide black. The PM floating chamber consists of skin exposure area, PM inlet, floating power device, and an outlet so that PM can be naturally attached to the skin while floating in the chamber. The change in skin brightness according to the floating concentration of alternative fine dust was checked to confirm the optimal floating concentration conditions. The intensity difference (before-after intensity, Δ) before and after adhesion of iron oxide black was proportional to the amount of PM adhered. The anti-adherence effect of iron oxide black on five cosmetic products were evaluated through 20 each subjects by comparing the amount of iron oxide black adhered on the control and treatment. The difference in brightness before and after the iron oxide black attached to the skin was calculated and compared with the control group(p < 0.05). When over 150 mg of iron oxide black was adhered on the skin, the interference of intensity was low and clearly showed the skin adhered pattern. According to the application of the five cosmetics, the intensity difference was significantly lower than the control group. This means that depending on the product, it prevented the attachment of iron oxide black. This study is a safe and useful method to confirm the prevention of PM skin adherence. In conclusion, cosmetics can prevent the adherence of PM on the skin according to the formulation or ingredients characteristics.

주제어

표/그림 (7)

그림 Figure 1. Particulate matter floating chamber.
그림 Figure 2. Shape(s) of particles and distribution of iron oxide black (magnification by 20,000).
그림 Figure 3. Dose response intensity by PM. Iron oxide black was used as alternative PM.
표 Table 1. Comparison of Features between Iron Oxide Black and Fine Dust in the Atmosphere
그림 Figure 4. Prevention of PM adhesion by 5 kinds of cosmetics. Iron oxide black was used as alternative PM.
표 Table 2. Prevention of PM^* Adhesion to Skin Surface by Each Test Product
그림 Figure 5. Results of the preventing effect of PM adhesion by 5 kinds of cosmetics (Mean ± SD, *p < 0.05 treated vs. non-treated site). Iron oxide black was used as alternative PM.

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문제 정의

The primary objective of the present study was to develop a test method to appraise the degree of adherence of fine dust to human skin by using iron oxide black. The secondary objective of this study was to appraise the effect of prevention of adherence of fine dust from several cosmetic products to human skin by using the method developed for evaluation.

제안 방법

In this study, five different commercially available cosmetic products were evaluated for anti-adherence effect of PM: foundation lotion (major components, cyclopentasiloxane, titanium dioxide, cyclohexasiloxane, butylene glycol), BB lotion (major components, cyclopentasiloxane, titanium dioxide (ci 77891), cyclohexasiloxane, butylene glycol (dicaprylate/dicaprate)), smoothing cream (major components, dicaprylyl carbonate, cyclopentasiloxane, butylene glycol, cetyl ethythexanoate), shimmering cream (major components, cyclopentasiloxane, cyclohexasiloxane, butylene glycol, glycerin), and pressed powder (major components, mica, synthetic fluorphlogopite, titanium dioxide, silica).
In the present study, a quick model of adherence of fine dust with reduced number of variables such as behavioral patterns of subjects was presented. The degree of adherence of fine dust presented in percentage(%) compared to that of the control group will enable indirect comparison and prediction of the power of prevention of adherence to skin between products despite differences in subjects of groups employed for the test.
The floating amount of fine dust taken for an evaluation of the degree of adherence of fine dust to skin was determined by considering the degree of adherence granting maximum distinguishing difference between groups treated with cosmetic product and untreated with cosmetic product. The particle size of small amount of floating particulate matter was so small that it was unable to distinguish visually or using captured images.
The primary objective of the present study was to develop a test method to appraise the degree of adherence of fine dust to human skin by using iron oxide black. The secondary objective of this study was to appraise the effect of prevention of adherence of fine dust from several cosmetic products to human skin by using the method developed for evaluation.

대상 데이터

Iron oxide black (< 7 µm) was purchased from K.S PEARL (Korea) as a cosmetic grade. ERM-CZ120 fine dust (< 10 µm) was purchased from Joint Research Centre (Belgium) for organic pollutants in the environment.
The PM floating chamber (Figure 1) was constructed in this lab using 2.4 L cylindrical Plexiglas and three propellers were installed on bottom of inside chamber for floating of PM. Alternative PM was spread in the chamb er for 5 min at a speed of 5,000 rpm.

데이터처리

To determine whether variables followed a normal distribution or not, we used the ShapiroWilks test or Kurtosis & Skewness for normality test. Statistical analysis of variables for parametric was conducted using the independent t-test. If value was non-parametric, all of them were initially compared by the Mann Whitney U-test.

이론/모형

Statistical analysis was conducted using the SPSS® software program (IBM, USA). To determine whether variables followed a normal distribution or not, we used the ShapiroWilks test or Kurtosis & Skewness for normality test. Statistical analysis of variables for parametric was conducted using the independent t-test.

성능/효과

Results of effects of five cosmetic products in preventing adherence of fine dust to skin are summarized in Tab le 2. In the group of Test-1, the adherence of fine dust to uncoated area of skin decreased skin brightness to 115.94, whereas the skin brightness values upon adherence of fine dust to skin coated with foundation lotion and BB lotion decreased to 93.86 and 99.18, respectively. In the group of Test-2, the adherence of fine dust to uncoated area of skin decreased skin brightness to 119.
88. In the group of Test-3, the adherence of fine dust to uncoated area of skin decreased skin brightness to 107.94, whereas the skin brightness values upon adherence of fine dust to skin coated with shimmering cream and pressed powder decreased to 97.26 and 85.15, respectively. Typical skin images are shown in Figure 4.

참고문헌 (15)

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[국내논문] 부유챔버를 이용한 화장품의 미세먼지 부착방지 효과 평가법
Evaluation Method of Cosmetics for the Effect of Fine Dust Adhesion Prevention Using Floating Chamber 원문보기

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[국내논문] 부유챔버를 이용한 화장품의 미세먼지 부착방지 효과 평가법 Evaluation Method of Cosmetics for the Effect of Fine Dust Adhesion Prevention Using Floating Chamber 원문보기

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[국내논문] 부유챔버를 이용한 화장품의 미세먼지 부착방지 효과 평가법
Evaluation Method of Cosmetics for the Effect of Fine Dust Adhesion Prevention Using Floating Chamber 원문보기

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