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NTIS 바로가기공업화학 = Applied chemistry for engineering, v.31 no.2, 2020년, pp.115 - 124
전현열 (한국화학연구원) , 구준모 (한국화학연구원) , 박슬아 (한국화학연구원) , 김선미 (한국화학연구원) , 제갈종건 (한국화학연구원) , 차현길 (한국화학연구원) , 오동엽 (과학기술연합대학원대학교) , 황성연 (과학기술연합대학원대학교) , 박제영 (과학기술연합대학원대학교)
Sustainable plastics can be mainly categorized into (1) biodegradable plastics decomposed into water and carbon dioxide after use, and (2) biomass-derived plastics possessing the carbon neutrality by utilizing raw materials converted from atmospheric carbon dioxide to biomass. Recently, biomass-deri...
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핵심어 | 질문 | 논문에서 추출한 답변 |
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PLA 소재란? | 지방족 폴리에스터 화학구조의 범용 바이오플라스틱이 가장 먼저 상용화된 데에는 여러 가지 요인이 있겠지만 폴리에틸렌, 폴리프로필렌과 같은 비분해성 석유계 플라스틱 대비 가수분해 및 미생물이 접근하여 연료화가 가능한 에스터 결합 및 지방족 탄소원을 보유하고 있는 데에 기인한다(Figure 3). 젖산고분자라고도 칭하는 PLA 소재는 생분해 될 수 있는 합성 바이오플라스틱 중 가장 널리 알려진 물질이다[15,16]. 옥수수로 대표되는 식용 바이오매스 자원에서 젖산 단량체(lactic acid)를 대량으로 생산할 수 있기 때문에 가격 및 생산성을 안정화 시킬 수 있고, 미국 NatureWorks 기업에 의해 연간 15만 톤 이상의 생산력을 유지하고 있다[17]. | |
바이오플라스틱의 약점은? | 그 동안 바이오플라스틱에 대한 사용자의 부정적 인식은 바이오플라스틱 산업의 확장을 저해시키는 큰 요인이 되고 있다. 지구온난화 대응, 석유고갈 문제해결, 탄소중립과 같은 친환경적인 장점이 있음에도 불구하고, 석유계 플라스틱에 비해 상대적으로 약한 기계적 물성, 높은 제조비용은 바이오플라스틱의 큰 약점이 되었다. 특히, 생분해성 플라스틱의 경우 1990년대부터 poly(lactic acid) (PLA), poly(butylene succinate) (PBS), poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), poly(hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA) 등의 여러 종류의 고분자가 상용화 되는 결실을 맺었으나, 확실한 차별화 전략의 부재로 생산량의 성장속도가 전체 플라스틱의 성장속도에 훨씬 못 미치고 있다[2,3]. | |
PLA 소재의 장점은? | 젖산고분자라고도 칭하는 PLA 소재는 생분해 될 수 있는 합성 바이오플라스틱 중 가장 널리 알려진 물질이다[15,16]. 옥수수로 대표되는 식용 바이오매스 자원에서 젖산 단량체(lactic acid)를 대량으로 생산할 수 있기 때문에 가격 및 생산성을 안정화 시킬 수 있고, 미국 NatureWorks 기업에 의해 연간 15만 톤 이상의 생산력을 유지하고 있다[17]. 미생물에 의해 생산되는 PHA는 가수분해가 쉽게 일어나지 않아 안정적인 사용편의성을 제공하는 큰 장점을 갖고 있다. |
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