Na, Woori
(Department of Food and Nutrition, Wonkwang University)
,
Kim, Jiyu
(Department of Food and Nutrition, Wonkwang University)
,
Chung, Bong Hee
(Department of Food and Nutrition, Wonkwang University)
,
Jang, Dai-Ja
(Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute)
,
Sohn, Cheongmin
(Department of Food and Nutrition, Wonkwang University)
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Given the increasing proportion of the Korean population that is aged 65 years and older, the present study analyzed the relationship between diet quality and sarcopenia in elderly persons by using data from the 2008-2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey ...
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Given the increasing proportion of the Korean population that is aged 65 years and older, the present study analyzed the relationship between diet quality and sarcopenia in elderly persons by using data from the 2008-2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). SUBJECTS/METHODS: Data for 3,373 persons aged 65 years and over (men: 1,455, 43.1%) were selected from the 2008-2011 KNHANES. Sarcopenia assessments are based on a formula that divides a subject's appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) by their weight (wt) and multiplies that result by 100 ([ASM/wt] × 100). Sarcopenia is present if the subject's result was less than one standard deviation (SD) below the sex-specific mean for a young reference group. For evaluation of diet quality, data obtained via the 24-hour recall method were used to calculate the Diet Quality Index for Koreans (DQI-K). A general linear model was applied in order to analyze general information and nutritional intake according to sarcopenia status. For analysis of the relationship between diet quality and sarcopenia, a binominal logistic regression analysis was undertaken. RESULTS: The sarcopenia prevalence rate among the study subjects aged 65 years and over was 37.6%. The DQI-K of those without sarcopenia was 3.33 ± 0.04 points, while that of those with sarcopenia was 3.45 ± 0.04 points (P < 0.05). The relationship between diet quality and sarcopenia revealed that subjects aged 75 and older had a poor diet quality, and their odds ratio (OR) of sarcopenia presence was significantly higher (OR: 1.807, 95% confidence interval: 1.003-3.254, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that poor diet quality was related to sarcopenia presence in Koreans aged 75 and older. In order to improve the diet quality of the elderly (aged 75 and older), it is necessary to develop dietary improvement guidelines.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Given the increasing proportion of the Korean population that is aged 65 years and older, the present study analyzed the relationship between diet quality and sarcopenia in elderly persons by using data from the 2008-2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). SUBJECTS/METHODS: Data for 3,373 persons aged 65 years and over (men: 1,455, 43.1%) were selected from the 2008-2011 KNHANES. Sarcopenia assessments are based on a formula that divides a subject's appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) by their weight (wt) and multiplies that result by 100 ([ASM/wt] × 100). Sarcopenia is present if the subject's result was less than one standard deviation (SD) below the sex-specific mean for a young reference group. For evaluation of diet quality, data obtained via the 24-hour recall method were used to calculate the Diet Quality Index for Koreans (DQI-K). A general linear model was applied in order to analyze general information and nutritional intake according to sarcopenia status. For analysis of the relationship between diet quality and sarcopenia, a binominal logistic regression analysis was undertaken. RESULTS: The sarcopenia prevalence rate among the study subjects aged 65 years and over was 37.6%. The DQI-K of those without sarcopenia was 3.33 ± 0.04 points, while that of those with sarcopenia was 3.45 ± 0.04 points (P < 0.05). The relationship between diet quality and sarcopenia revealed that subjects aged 75 and older had a poor diet quality, and their odds ratio (OR) of sarcopenia presence was significantly higher (OR: 1.807, 95% confidence interval: 1.003-3.254, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that poor diet quality was related to sarcopenia presence in Koreans aged 75 and older. In order to improve the diet quality of the elderly (aged 75 and older), it is necessary to develop dietary improvement guidelines.
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제안 방법
For sarcopenia diagnosis, the formula called for the division of the subject's appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) by their weight (wt) and multiplying that result by 100 (ASM/ wt × 100).
The sample design for the data was based on the complex sample design method. In order to analyze sarcopenia factors and dietary intakes, cross-tabulation analysis and general linear modeling were performed. In order to analyze the relationship between diet quality and sarcopenia, diet-quality diagnosis (good vs.
This study analyzed the 2008–2011 KNHANES data to assess the relationship between diet quality and sarcopenia in elderly Korean subjects.
This study analyzed the relationship between sarcopenia and diet quality in subjects aged 65 and older using 2008–2011 KNHANES data obtained via a cross-sectional design.
대상 데이터
In addition, subjects with unrealistic daily caloric intakes (less than 400 kcal or more than 4,000 kcal; n = 330), and those for whom there was no general information on height, weight, BMI, education status, marital status, food insecurity, or chronic disease (diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia) status (n = 461) were excluded. Thus, a total of 3,373 persons were included in this study (Fig. 1). The study was conducted after being approved by the relevant Institutional Review Board of Wonkwang University (WKIRB-201902-SB-009).
데이터처리
Logistic analysis were used to calculate the odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals. A P-value is considered significant below 0.
이론/모형
Dietary intake data were collected during KNHANES using the 24-hour recall method and the DQI-K [13]. The DQI-K includes eight diet-related components: 1) daily protein intake, 2) percent energy from fat, 3) percent energy from saturated fat, 4) daily cholesterol intake, 5) daily whole-grain intake, 6) daily fruit intake, 7) daily vegetable intake, and 8) daily sodium intake.
The sample design for the data was based on the complex sample design method. In order to analyze sarcopenia factors and dietary intakes, cross-tabulation analysis and general linear modeling were performed.
In the present study, the DQI-K, a tool for evaluating the quality of diet that reflects the Korean diet style, has been used to analyze the relationship between sarcopenia and diet quality of diet in elderly Koreans. To that end, the study used data obtained through the 2008-2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES).
Regarding the results for each of the eight components of DQI-K, the whole-grain and vegetable intake scores in subjects with sarcopenia were significantly higher than those in subjects without sarcopenia (P < 0.05) (Table 3).
This study analyzed the 2008–2011 KNHANES data to assess the relationship between diet quality and sarcopenia in elderly Korean subjects. The data showed that sarcopenia prevalence among the assessed elderly Koreans was 37.2%. The results of the DQI-K analysis showed that, compared to the good diet-quality group, the bad diet-quality group had a higher OR of sarcopenia presence, and with a one-point increment in the DQI-K score, the OR of sarcopenia presence increased.
The odds of sarcopenia presence significantly increased when the DQI-K score was high, the subjects were overweight, and they were aged 75 years and older (OR: 2.461, 95% CI: 1.114–5.440, P < 0.05).
2%. The results of the DQI-K analysis showed that, compared to the good diet-quality group, the bad diet-quality group had a higher OR of sarcopenia presence, and with a one-point increment in the DQI-K score, the OR of sarcopenia presence increased.
The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) calculations for inter-group comparisons were based on raw or adjusted data. The variables used for logistic regression adjustment were age, BMI, energy consumption rate compared to 1,000 kcal, marriage status, education level, strength exercise, smoking status, and food insecurity. For statistical analyses, the SPSS program (version 23.
With a one-point increment in the DQI-K, the OR of sarcopenia in normal weight and overweight subjects aged 75 years and older significantly increased, 1.239 times (95% CI: 1.003–1.536, P < 0.05) and 1.303 times (95% CI: 1.057–1.606, P < 0.05), respectively.
후속연구
Given that result and the results of the present study, the association of diet quality and sarcopenia is considered to be influenced by the level of protein intake. In order to develop detailed guidelines for sarcopenia-appropriate nutrition management for the elderly, it will be necessary to complete further research into the diet quality of the Korean elderly according to protein intake.
The results of this study show that an appropriate and balanced dietary intake can help prevent sarcopenia in elderly persons. In particular, the results of this study will be useful fundamental data when formulating a dietary intervention plan that will prevent sarcopenia among Koreans aged 65 years and older.
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