최소 단어 이상 선택하여야 합니다.
최대 10 단어까지만 선택 가능합니다.
다음과 같은 기능을 한번의 로그인으로 사용 할 수 있습니다.
NTIS 바로가기말소리와 음성과학 = Phonetics and speech sciences, v.12 no.3, 2020년, pp.1 - 14
변희경 (국제교양대학)
Previous studies have confirmed that /o/ and /u/ in Seoul Korean are undergoing a merger in the F1/F2 space, especially for female speakers. As a substitute parameter for formants, it is reported that female speakers use phonation (H1-H2) differences to distinguish /o/ from /u/. This study aimed to ...
Ahn, S. (2004). An acoustic study of English and Korean vowels revisited. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 29(1), 45-62.
Albert, A., & Anderson, J. A. (1984). On the existence of maximum likelihood estimates in logistic regression models. Biometrika, 71(1), 1-10.
Beddor, P. (2009). A coarticulatory path to sound change. Language, 85(4), 785-821.
Beddor, P. (2012). Perception grammars and sound change. In M. Sole & D. Recasens (Eds.), The Initiation of Sound Change: Perception, Production, and Social Factors (pp. 37-56). Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Benjamins.
Cha, J. (2007). Korean vowel system in the early 20th century: Focusing on audio data from the 1930s. Korean Linguistics, 37, 361-396.
Chae, S. (1999). The core-periphery structure in the Korean lexicon reflected in a phonological variation and change. Studies in Phonetics, Phonology and Morphology, 5(1), 217-236.
Chae, S. (2000). The raising of /o/ in Seoul Korean: Dissimilation or neutralization of the vowel harmony, or an independent change? Studies on Seoul Dialect, 1, 205-229.
Cho, S. M. (2003). An acoustic study of Korean vowel system. Korean Language and Culture, 24, 427-441.
Cho, T., Jun, S., & Ladefoged, P. (2002). Acoustic and aerodynamic correlates of Korean stops and fricatives. Journal of Phonetics, 30(2), 193-228.
Choi, Y. (2001). Perceptual dimensions of Korea vowel: A link between perception and production. Speech Sciences, 8(2), 181-191.
Choi, Y. (2003). Perceptual vowel space and mental representation of Korea monophthongs. Speech Sciences, 10(2), 287-301.
Choi, Y., Shin, H. & Kwon, O. (1997). The percetion of vowels synthesized in vowels space by F1 and F2: A study on the differences between vowel perception of Seoul and Kyungnam dialectal speakers. Speech Sciences, 1(1), 201-211.
Chung, H., Makino, S., & Kido, K. (1988). On the listening tests using natural speech of 8 Korean vowels. Journal of the Acoustical Society of Japan (E), 9(6), 305-307.
Di Paolo, M., & Faber, A. (1990). Phonation differences and phonetic content of the tense-lax contrast in Utah English. Language Variation and Change, 2(2), 155-204.
Harrington, J. (2012). The coarticulatory basis of diachronic high back vowel fronting. In M. Sole & D. Recasens (Eds.), The Initiation of Sound Change: Perception, Production, and Social Factors (pp. 103-122). Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Benjamins.
Hong, Y. (1991). A sociolinguistic study of Seoul Korean: With a special section on language divergence between North and South Korea. Seoul, Korea: Research Center for Peace and Unification of Korea.
Igeta, T., & Arai, T. (2019). Dominance of lower formants of Korean vowels /o/-/u/ in perceptual identification by Seoul dialect listeners. Acoustical Science and Technology, 40(1), 56-58.
Jung, I. (1997). Acoustic analysis of simple vowels in standard Korean in terms of generational differences. Malsori, 33-34, 111-125.
Kang, J., & Kong, E. (2016). Static and dynamic spectral properties of the monophthong vowels in Seoul Korean: Implication on sound change. Phonetics and Speech Sciences, 8(4), 39-47.
Kang, S. (1989). Acoustic analysis of Korean simple vowels. Linguistic Journal of Korea, 14, 171-212.
Kang, Y., Yoon, K., Lee, H., & Seong, C. (2010). A comparison of parameters of acoustic vowel space in patients with Parkinson's disease. Phonetics and Speech Sciences, 2(4), 185-192.
King, E., & Ryan, T. (2002). A preliminary investigation of maximum likelihood logistic regression versus exact logistic regression. The American Statistician, 56(3), 163-170.
Kim, J., Kim, D., & Lee, S. (2008). An analysis of Korean monophthongs produced by Korean native speakers and adult learners of Korean. Malsori, 65, 13-36.
Kim, Y. S., Kim, K. H., Kim, J. Y., & Jang, J. S. (2013). A study on the formant comparison of Korean monophthongs according to age and gender: A survey on patients in oriental hospitals. Phonetics and Speech Sciences, 5(1), 73-80.
Kwak, C. (1980). A phonological study of Korean in the eighteenth century. Gukeoyeongu, 43, 1-123.
Kwak, C. (1999). Vowel harmony and vowel system. Saegugeosaenghwal, 9(4), 151-159.
Kwak, C. (2003). The vowel system of contemporary Korean and direction of change. Journal of Korean Linguistics, 41, 59-91.
Kuang, J., & Cui, A. (2018). Relative cue weighting in production and perception of an ongoing sound change in Southern Yi. Journal of Phonetics, 71, 194-214.
Lee, H. (1971). A phonetic description of Korean vowels. Language Research, 7(1), 37-52.
Lee, H. (2017). The phonetic realization of Korean monophthongs in different speaking styles. Language and Information Society, 32, 185-207.
Lee, H., Shin, W., & Shin, J. (2017). A sociophonetic study on high/mid back vowels in Korean. Phonetics and Speech Sciences, 9(2), 39-51.
Lee, J. (1998). An experimental phonetic analysis on Korean vowels by Korean speakers. Language Research, 17, 41-57.
Moon, S. (2007). A fundamental phonetic investigation of Korean monophthongs. Malsori, 62, 1-17.
Obata, J. & Toyoshima, T. (1932). Acoustic features of Korean vowels and consonants. Nippon Sugaku Butsuri Gakkaishi, 6(4), 379-403.
Oh, E. (2012). Effects of speaker gender on vowel space size and vowel changes in Korean. The Journal of Studies in Language, 28(3), 531-553.
Ohala, J. (1981). The listeners as a source of sound change. In C. Masek, R. Hendrick, & M. Miller (Eds.), Papers from the Parasession on Language and Behavior (pp. 178-203). Chicago, IL: Chicago Linguistic Society.
Ohala, J. (2012). The listeners as a source of sound change: An update. In M. Sole & D. Recasens (Eds.), The Initiation of Sound Change: Perception, Production, and Social Factors (pp. 21-36). Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Benjamins.
RStudio Team. (2020). RStudio: Integrated development for R. Boston, MA: RStudio, PBC. Retrieved from http://www.rstudio.com/.
Schwartz, J. L., Boe, L. J., Vallee, N., & Abry, C. (1997a). Major trends in vowel system inventories. Journal of Phonetics, 25(3), 233-253.
Schwartz, J. L., Boe, L. J., Vallee, N., & Abry, C. (1997b). The dispersion-focalization theory of vowel systems. Journal of Phonetics, 25(3), 255-286.
Seong, C. (2004). An acoustic analysis on the Korean 8 monophthongs: With respect to the acoustic variables on the F1/F2 vowel space. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea, 23(6), 454-461.
Yang, B. (1996). A comparative study of American English and Korean vowels produced by male and female speakers. Journal of Phonetics, 24, 245-261.
Yoon, J., Kim, E., & Seong, C. (2015). Perceptual boundary on a synthesized Korean vowel /o/-/u/ continuum by Chinese learners of Korean language. Phonetics and Speech Sciences, 7(4), 111-121.
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.