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NTIS 바로가기산업융합연구 = Journal of industrial convergence, v.18 no.5, 2020년, pp.88 - 96
신경안 (동서울대학교 사회복지학과) , 이은아 (성결대학교 사회복지학부) , 김도훈 (숭실대학교 사회복지학)
The rate of admission to facilities for people with developmental disabilities in Korea is very high for other types of disabilities. Therefore, 'community care', which supports life in the community for people with developmental disabilities, is very important compared to other types of disabilitie...
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핵심어 | 질문 | 논문에서 추출한 답변 |
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지적장애와 자폐성장애의 주요 원인과 주요 증상은 무엇인가? | 발달장애의 주요 범주는 지적장애와 자폐성장애이다. 이 장애의 주요 원인으로는 선천·후천성 뇌질환, 대사 이상, 유전적 및 염색체 이상 등 여러 원인이 복합적으로 영향을 미친다. 주요 증상으로는 학습장애, 지적장애, 자폐증, 뇌성마비 등을 야기하면서 발생하나, 정확한 원인을 밝힐 수 없는 경우도 많다[3]. 하지만 발달장애는 주로 ‘유아기, 아동기, 청소년기에 흔히 처음으로 진단되는 장애’로 이러한 시기적 특성으로 발달장애인에 대한 지원은 단순히 아동기에만 필요한 것이 아니라 전 생애에 걸쳐 요청된다[4]. | |
발달장애란? | 발달장애는 1970년에 미 공법 91-157에 의해 처음 언급되면서 장애유형으로 분류되었다. 발달장애란 뇌성 마비, 지적장애, 자폐성장애, 간질, 학습장애 등 지적부분과 관련된 신경학적 조건을 가졌거나 지적장애인과 비슷한 문제를 가진 장애이다[2]. 우리나라의 국립특수 교육원(2009)에서도 발달장애를 ‘발달이 평균으로부터 유의미하게 일탈하여 정신적, 신체적 또는 두 가지 영역에서 심각하고 만성적으로 지속 가능성이 있는 장애’로 규정하고 있다. | |
지역사회를 의미하는 커뮤니티란? | 지역사회를 의미하는 ‘커뮤니티’는 일정한 지역을 기 반으로, 지역주민과 생활 전반에 걸쳐 서로 밀접하게 사회적으로 상호작용을 하며, 정서적 유대감을 공유하는 사회적 조직 단위체를 말한다[9]. 따라서 ‘커뮤니티 케어(Community care)’란 지역사회를 중심으로 민간ㆍ공공 등 다양한 주체들이 서로 역할을 분담하여 서비스 접근ㆍ통합성 향상, 돌봄 사각지대 해소, 사회적 유대 강화를 지향하는 것을 말한다[10]. |
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K. A. Shin. (2019). Improvement Directions and Tasks for Local Welfare for Local Governments and Social Welfare Community Welfare Program in Decentralization: Focusing on Gyeonggi-do. Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Convergence Multimedia, 9(12), 1145-1154. DOI : 10.35873/ajmahs.2019.9.12.100
M. Y. Cho. (2010). Development Direction for the Change of Korean Community Welfare: Focusing on Community Service, Korean Journal of Public Administration, 26, 157-183.
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