A Paulownia coreana Box for Storage of Annals of Joseon Dynasty: Its Efficacy and Functionality Evaluations of Temperature and Relative Humidity Control, and Microbe and Insect Repellent Activity원문보기
Park, Hae Jin
(Department of Heritage Conservation and Restoration, Graduate School of Cultural Heritage, Korea National University of Cultural Heritage)
,
Jeong, Seon Hye
(Department of Heritage Conservation and Restoration, Graduate School of Cultural Heritage, Korea National University of Cultural Heritage)
,
Lee, Hyun Ju
(Department of Heritage Conservation and Restoration, Graduate School of Cultural Heritage, Korea National University of Cultural Heritage)
,
Lee, Na Ra
(Department of Heritage Conservation and Restoration, Graduate School of Cultural Heritage, Korea National University of Cultural Heritage)
,
Chung, Yong Jae
(Department of Heritage Conservation and Restoration, Graduate School of Cultural Heritage, Korea National University of Cultural Heritage)
Paulownia coreana has various advantages as a convenient workability, aesthetic outlook, beautiful patterns, low weight and high strength, and its permeability. P. coreana has been widely used for storage but there are no empirical researches proving its functionality in a field of conservation scie...
Paulownia coreana has various advantages as a convenient workability, aesthetic outlook, beautiful patterns, low weight and high strength, and its permeability. P. coreana has been widely used for storage but there are no empirical researches proving its functionality in a field of conservation science until now. In this study, the seasonal and daily temperature and relative humidity control, and microbe and insect repellent activity were evaluated under the controlled and uncontrolled circumstances from 2015 to 2016. The results showed to be mainly excellent in relative humidity control and the buffering effect was good to adjust the average daily relative humidity range from the outside. With respect to the antimicrobial properties of P. coreana, we observed that its water-soluble extract produced visible zones of inhibition against five bacteria. However, it was difficult to predict the antimicrobial and/or insecticidal properties.
Paulownia coreana has various advantages as a convenient workability, aesthetic outlook, beautiful patterns, low weight and high strength, and its permeability. P. coreana has been widely used for storage but there are no empirical researches proving its functionality in a field of conservation science until now. In this study, the seasonal and daily temperature and relative humidity control, and microbe and insect repellent activity were evaluated under the controlled and uncontrolled circumstances from 2015 to 2016. The results showed to be mainly excellent in relative humidity control and the buffering effect was good to adjust the average daily relative humidity range from the outside. With respect to the antimicrobial properties of P. coreana, we observed that its water-soluble extract produced visible zones of inhibition against five bacteria. However, it was difficult to predict the antimicrobial and/or insecticidal properties.
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제안 방법
A close container method was applied for fumigation toxicity test; a filter paper soaking 100 µl of extract was put in the bottom of lower plastic container (65 × 65 × 100 mm) and then 40 insects and their small amount of their food (R. speratus kyushuensis:2 × 2 cm filter paper, S. oryzae: grains of rice) were put together to the upper container; test was conducted at RH 90±5% for 72 hours with 24 hours intervals with 3 times repeats.
menziesii was used as a control group. Before extraction process, the wood materials (sap wood) were sufficiently dried, cut into 1 to 3 cm, and then powdered up into 700 meshes with a universal cutting mill (PULVERISETTE 19, FRITSCH, DEU) for an experiment.
In this study, the insect repellent activity tests were divided into contact toxicity, fumigation toxicity and insect repellent tests. 0.
Even though it is known well that it has peculiar characteristics such as low weight, little cracking and/or splitting, relative humidity control and insect repellent, an empirical researches has not been reported to probe its functionality of the material itself. In this study, we tried to verify empirically its functionality by evaluating the temperature and relative humidity control, and microbe and insect repellent activity of P. coreana box.
Measuring the monthly average relative humidity for 4 seasons under uncontrolled spaces, inner P. coreana boxes exposed to the outside followed the relative humidity of the outside. They are measured higher in fall season (77.
coreana furniture as a close area. The collected microbe was cultured in a 28℃ incubator for 3 to 5 days; and after extracted DNA was analyzed with PCR and Automatic DNA sequencer, BlastN search was conducted at the genebank (NCBI, National Center for Biotechnology Information).
The microbe repellent activity test was conducted to evaluate that the extracted materials can control the growth of microorganisms that target the surface wood, leading to contamination and/or discoloration. The result of the microbe repellent activity confirms that P.
The absorption process with extracts upon the treated and untreated area was carried out in same way with a fumigation toxicity test. The repellent test was conducted on water-soluble and volatile extract of P. coreana in the dark room for 24 hours with 3 repeats.
To evaluate the microbe repellent activity test, 150 µl of a microbial suspension was inoculated on PDA and NA medium of which P. coreana samples (20 × 20 × 15 mm) were placed in middle and cultured to confirm the inhibition zone of the microbe formed around it.
대상 데이터
coreana: (1) a national storage room controlled with thermo-hygrostat equipment at the Kyujanggak Institute for Korean Studies (Seoul National University, Seoul) and (2) the Korean traditional architecture without any thermo-hygrostat systems at the Anguk-dong detached palace (Korea National University of Cultural Heritage, Buyeo). Each 5 data loggers (174H, Testo, DEU) were installed and recorded with 30 minutes intervals from October 2015 to September 2016 at the Kyujanggak Institute for Korean Studies and Anguk-dong detached palace.
R. speratus kyushuensis was collected from Hapjeong-ri, Buyeo on April of 2016 and only repletes were used after breeding at room temperature and RH 90±5%.
The locations were selected to measure the controlled temperature and relative humidity at the Kyujanggak Institute for Korean Studies: inner newly-fabricated P. coreana box (W930 × L380 × H312 mm, T15 mm), inner old P. coreana box (W930 × L380 × H312 mm, T15 mm) that had been used to store the Annal of Joseon Dynasty in the past (Accession number: storage box of Annal of the Joseon Dynasty, Sil-03), inner newly fabricated Pseudotsuga menziesii storage box (W930 × L380 × H312 mm, T15 mm) as a control group, P. coreana corridor as an open space, and inner sealed P. coreana furniture as a close space (Figure 1).
Buck, Inc, USA) sampling 100 L of air twice through PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) at a national storage room of the Kyujanggak Institute for Korean Studies where the Annals of the Joseon Dynasty has been preserved until now. Total 5 locations were selected to collect the microbe: 3 locations in P. corridor of storage room as open areas and 2 locations in sealed P. coreana furniture as a close area. The collected microbe was cultured in a 28℃ incubator for 3 to 5 days; and after extracted DNA was analyzed with PCR and Automatic DNA sequencer, BlastN search was conducted at the genebank (NCBI, National Center for Biotechnology Information).
성능/효과
The wood has been used as a variety of household goods, furnitures, and architecture materials since ancient period due to its various advantages as convenient workability, aesthetic outlook and outstanding patterns, low weight and high strength, and its permeability. Following the analysis results of eighty-two wooden species from the furnitures dated from late Joseon Dynasty and possessed by the Seoul Museum of History, 7% of wooden species was identified as Paulownia spp. It is mainly used for inner drawers’ material because of its lightweight, low-specific gravity and low strain rate (Song et al.
coreana, which is widely used for the storage of the cultural heritage, was evaluated under the controlled and uncontrolled circumstances from 2015 to 2016. In this study, seasonal and daily change of temperature and relative humidity was measured to identify the self-control ability of P. coreana and it shows to be mainly excellent in humidity control. In spring season, when the daily relative humidity range was the highest, buffering capacity for a daily humidity range showed 41.
coreana. Its results concluded that P.coreana has no antifungal and antibacterial substances toward 9 different types of microbe collected at a storage space and inner furnitures made with its material. However, growth inhibition sized to 0.
Monitoring for 3 days with fumigation toxicity tests of water-soluble extracts, R. speratus kyushuensis was active after 3 days and S. oryzae was reduced to average 3.2 insects after 3 days. This was confirmed that the numbers of both R.
후속연구
Based on the environmental data established in this, it is considered that further researches on the humidity control ability are needed with more detailed environment conditions whether there are archival and traditional binding books in a storage box or how many books are preserved in it because the papers can serve as a positive buffer agents with good humidity control ability together along the storage boxes. And then it is expected that these results will be applied in various ways to produce the manuals for integrated management and longterm preservation of cultural heritage in near future.
참고문헌 (7)
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Jeong S.H., Lee, H.J., Kim, D.W. and Chung, Y.J., 2018, New biocide for eco-friendly biofilm removal on outdoor stone monuments. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 131, 19-28.
Lee, S.E., Roh, H.S. and Yi, Y.H., 2004, Effects of wood materials on metal corrosion - Oddy test -. Conservation Science in Museum, 5, 31-36. (in Korean with English abstract)
National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage, 2009, Property characterization and safety evaluation of cultural heritage storage box. 1-82. (in Korean)
Park, J.S., 2005, Study on humidity control performance of the interior finishing materials of museum collection storage: focused on comparisons between natural timber and artificial humidity control materials. Master's thesis, Yonsei University, Seoul, 46-53 (in Korean with English abstract)
Song, J.A. and Park, W.K., 2010, Species of Korean Furniture in the Late Choseon Dynasty(I). Journal of the Korea furniture Society, 21(6), 486-498. (in English with Korean abstract)
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