[논문]전자뜸의 시스템 오류에 의한 열폭주 모델 구현 및 해결 방법에 관한 실험적 연구

이병욱; 오용택; 장한솔; 최성경; 조효림; 성원석; 김은정

doi:10.14406/acu.2021.029

전자뜸의 시스템 오류에 의한 열폭주 모델 구현 및 해결 방법에 관한 실험적 연구
An Experimental Study on the Development and Possible Solution of Thermal Runaway Model of Electronic Moxibustion with System Error 원문보기

Korean journal of acupuncture, v.38 no.4, 2021년, pp.282 - 289

이병욱 (동국대학교 한의과대학 원전의사학교실) , 오용택 (우석대학교 한의과대학 진단학교실) , 장한솔 (동국대학교 분당한방병원 한방내과) , 최성경 (동국대학교 한의과대학 침구과 대학원) , 조효림 (동국대학교 분당한방병원 침구과) , 성원석 (동국대학교 분당한방병원 침구과) , 김은정 (동국대학교 분당한방병원 침구과)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to construct a model of the possible thermal runaway of electronic moxibustion and to implement an appropriate risk management method. Methods : To reproduce the system error situation of the electronic moxibustion circuit equipped with microcontroller unit, temperature sensor and heater, a code was set to disable the signal input to temperature sensor and maintain "high" heating signal to heater. The temperature change of electronic moxibustion was compared between 3 types of heater module; module 1 consisting of a combination of heater+0 ohm+0 ohm resistance, module 2 consisting of a combination of heater+Polymeric Positive Temperature Coefficient (PPTC)+0 ohm resistance, and module 3 consisting of a combination of heater+PPTC+10 ohm resistance. The temperature change was measured using a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) silicone phantom. After maintaining surface temperature of the phantom at 31~32℃ for 20 seconds, electronic moxibustion was applied. After operating electronic moxibustion, the temperature change was measured for 660 seconds on the surface and 900 seconds at 2 mm depth. Results : Regardless of the module type, the time-dependent change in temperature showed a rapid rise followed by a gentle curve, and a sharp drop in temperature after reaching the maximum temperature about 10 minutes after the switching the moxibustion on. Temperature measured at the depth of 2 mm below the surface increased slower and to a lesser extent. Module 1 reached highest peak temperature with largest change of temperature at both depths followed by module 2, and 3. Conclusions : Through the combination of PPTC+resistance with the heater of electronic moxibustion, it is possible to limit the rise in temperature even with the software error. Thus, this setting can be used as an independent safety measure for the electronic moxibustion control unit.

주제어

표/그림 (9)

그림 Fig. 1. Composition and mechanism of the thermal stimulation program.
그림 Fig. 2. Schematic diagram of the control unit error.
그림 Fig. 3. Schematic diagram of the temperature sensor error.
그림 Fig. 4. Circuit diagram of the heater module. F2 : Polymeric Positive Temperature Coefficient (PPTC), Q1 : Heater (Bipolar Transistors), Q2 : N-Channel Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET), R1, R2 and R8 : Resister.
그림 Fig. 5. Three types of the heater module. (A) Composition of module 1. Q1 : Heater, F2 : 0Ω, R8 : 0Ω. (B) Composition of module 2. Q1 : Heater, F2 : 40 mA PPTC, R8 : 0Ω. (C) Composition of module 3. Q1 : Heater, F2 : 40 mA PPTC, R8 : 10Ω. PPTC : Polymeric Positive Temperature Coefficient.
그림 Fig. 6. Diagram of experimental setup. (A) Acrylic Box, (B) Hot Plate, (C) Tray Containing Water, (D) Silicone Phantom, (E) Temperature Indicating Device. The experiment was conducted in an acrylic box (60 cm×34 cm× 35 cm). Before the start of the experiment, the phantom was heated to maintain the surface temperature at 30~31 degrees. A tray filled with water maintained at 38~42 degrees was placed on the hot plate, and the bottom surface of the phantom was immersed in water. In addition, the internal air temperature was maintained at 27~29 degrees.
그림 Fig. 8. Changes in heater temperature by each module. (A) Temperature change of heater module 1, (B) Temperature change of heater module 2, (C) Temperature change of heater module 3. For each depth and each module, the temperature change was measured 7 times. The temperature change was measured for 660 seconds on the surface and for 900 seconds at 2 mm depth. The vertical axis represents temperature and the horizontal axis represents time in seconds. 2 mm: temperature measurement of 2 mm depth from the surface.
그림 Fig. 7. Diagram of temperature measuring procedure. (A) Silicone Phantom, (B) Electronic Moxibustion, (C) K-type Thermocouple, (D) Thermocouple Data Input Module. A K-type thermocouple was used to measure the temperature change. The temperature change at the surface and depth of 2 mm was measured. After operating by pressing the button on the top of the electronic moxibustion, the temperature change was measured for 660 seconds at the surface and 900 seconds at the depth of 2 mm. This process was repeated 7 times. Temperature data from the thermocouple was transmitted to the data processing program through the data acquisition device composed of the NI 9211 module inserted into the NI cDAQ-9174 CompactDAQ chassis. The transmitted electrical signal was converted into a digital signal and then saved as graph and numeric data.
표 Table 1. Maximum temperature and temperature change by type of module

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