[논문]구담습지 식생의 생태적 특성 및 관리에 관한 연구

이일원; 김기대

doi:10.17663/jwr.2021.23.2.133

구담습지 식생의 생태적 특성 및 관리에 관한 연구
A Study on the Ecological Characteristics and Management of Vegetation in Gudam Wetland 원문보기

한국습지학회지 = Journal of wetlands research, v.23 no.2, 2021년, pp.133 - 143

이일원 (한국교원대학교 환경교육과) , 김기대 (한국교원대학교 환경교육과)

초록
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본 연구의 목적은 낙동강 수계의 하도습지인 구담습지의 식물군락을 분류하고 식생의 수직적 구조에 따라 군락 특성을 파악하여 관리방안을 마련하는 것이다. 구담습지 식물군락은 식생상관적 분류를 통해 총 19개의 군락이 나타났으며, 식생 수직구조에 따라 교목 우점 군락, 관목 우점 군락, 초본 우점 군락으로 나누어 분석하였다. 군락 특성 분석 결과를 살펴보면, 종다양도 지수는 교목 우점 군락이 가장 높았으나 가시박과 같은 외래식물의 유입으로 종다양도 감소가 우려되었다. 관목 우점 군락은 관목식물의 종수에 의해서 종다양도 지수가 편중된 경향을 보였다. 초본 우점 군락은 종다양도 지수에 의해 습생초지 군락과 건생초지 군락으로 나뉘었고, 인위적인 교란으로 인한 종다양도 지수 감소에 대한 대책이 필요하였다. 중요치는 교목 우점 군락에서는 교목성 버드나무속이 가장 높았고, 관목 우점 군락에서는 족제비싸리와 같은 외래식물의 중요치가 높았다. 또한, 초본 우점 군락에서는 달뿌리풀과 같은 습생초지식물이 높았다. 서열법에 따른 분석결과, 교목 우점 군락과 관목 우점 군락은 외래식물 종수에 의해서 군락이 분화되었고, 초본 우점 군락은 계층 수와 경사도에 의해서 군락이 분화되었다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

This study aims to classify the plant communities of the Gudam wetland, a riparian wetland in Nakdong River basin, and to identify the characteristics of the communities according to the veritical structure to prepare management plan. In the Gudam wetland, a total of 19 plant communities were found through physiognomical vegetation, and were analyzed by dividing into tree dominant community, shrub dominant community, and herbaceous dominant community according to the vertical structure. When examining the results of the community characteristics analysis, the species diversity index was the highest in the tree dominant communities but there was concern about a decrease in species diversity due to the influx of exotic plants such as Sicyos angulatus. The shrub dominant community tended to have a biased species diversity index on shrub plants. The herbaceous dominant communities ware divided into wetland herbaceous communities and dryland herbaceous communities according to the species diversity index, and measures were needed to reduce the species diversity index due to artificial disturbances. The importance value was the highest in the arboreal Salix genus in the tree dominant communities, and the exotic plants such as Amorpha fruticosa were the highest in the shrub dominant communities. In the herbaceous dominant communities, wetland herbaceous plants such as Phragmites japonicus were high. As a result of the analysis according to ordination the tree dominant communities and shrub dominant communities were differentiated by exotic plant factors, and the herbaceous dominant communities were differentiated by hierarchy number and slope.

주제어

표/그림 (14)

그림 Fig. 1. The location of the Gudam wetland, study sites. The dots and figures on the map are the locations of quadrats surveyed.
그림 Fig. 2. Actual vegetation in the Gudam wetland. The polygons are delineated by 15 classification types.
표 Table 1. The names of community, the number of quadrats and the ratios by total quadrats classified by stratification(tree, shrub and herbaceous communities).
표 Table 2. Species diversity index of communities classified by stratification. The species diversity index is calculated by averaging the Shannon diversity indices.
표 Table 3. One-way ANOVA table of species diversity index for three vertical structures.
그림 Fig. 3. Comparison of means and standard deviations of species diversity index according to classification by stratification.
그림 Fig. 4. Comparison of means and standard deviations of species diversity index between wetland herbaceous community and dryland herbaceous community.
표 Table 4. Importance values(IV) of dominant communities classified by vertical structure(tree communities). The species with importance value≤5 are omitted.
표 Table 5. Importance values(IV) of dominant communities classified by vertical structure(shrub layer). The species with importance value≤5 are omitted.
표 Table 6. Importance values(IV) of dominant communities classified by vertical structure(herbaceous communities). The species with importance value≤5 are omitted.
그림 Fig. 5. Detrended canonical correspondence analysis of recored community with environmental factors(T1: Tree1, 0.7833, T2: Tree2, 0.2816, S: Shrub, 0.3221, H1: Herbaceous1, 0.1930, H2: Herbaceous2, -0.1372, Alt: Altitude, -0.2480, Slope: Slope, -0.6694, Hier: Hierarchy, 0.8184, Species: Number of species, 0.6663, Exotic: Exotic species, -0.1298, ST: Soil texture, -0.1978, Waterdeer: the impact on Hydropotes inermis, 0.1974). The figure after environmental factors is the correlation coefficient with the first axis. The contour lines indicate the clustering of communities by similar species composition.
그림 Fig. 6. Detrended canonical correspondence analysis of Tree communities with environmental factors(T1: Tree1, 0.1312, T2: Tree2, -0.5189, S: Shrub, -0.2696, H1: Herbaceous1, -0.4270, H2: Herbaceous2, 0.3372, Alt: Altitude, -0.0498, Hier: Hierarchy, 0.0601, Species: Number of species, 0.4287, Exotic: Exotic species, 0.5304, ST: Soil texture, 0.1281, Waterdeer: the impact on Hydropotes inermis, 0.3159). The figure after environmental factors is the correlation coefficient with the first axis. The contour lines indicate the clustering of communities by similar species composition.
그림 Fig. 7. Detrended canonical correspondence analysis of shrub communities with environmental factors(T1: Tree1, 0.6610, T2: Tree2, -0.1209, S: Shrub, -0.4735, H1: Herbaceous1, 0.5682, H2: Herbaceous2, 0.4409, Alt: Altitude, -0.3067, Slope: Slope, -0.2699, Hier: Hierarchy, 0.3751, Species: Number of species, 0.2489, Exotic: Exotic species, -0.6760, ST: Soil texture, -0.4184, Waterdeer: the impact on Hydropotes inermis, 0.1287). The figure after environmental factors is the correlation coefficient with the first axis. The contour lines indicate the clustering of communities by similar species composition.
그림 Fig. 8. Detrended canonical correspondence analysis of herbaceous communities with environmental factors(T1: Tree1, 0.6790, T2: Tree2, 0.2786 S: Shrub, 0.3450, H1: Herbaceous1, 0.3411, H2: Herbaceous2, -0.2471, Alt: Altitude, -0.3103, Slope: Slope, -0.6963, Hier: Hierarchy, 0.7653, Species: Number of species, 0.6055, Exotic: Exotic species, -0.1952, ST: Soil texture, -0.1414, Waterdeer: the impact on Hydropotes inermis, 0.2287). The figure after environmental factors is the correlation coefficient with the first axis. The contour lines indicate the clustering of communities by similar species composition.

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