[논문]수산 · 양식 생물 연구를 위한 안정동위원소 분석 기법의 소개와 활용

원은지; 윤희영; 최보형; 신경훈

doi:10.23005/ksmls.2022.7.2.61

수산 · 양식 생물 연구를 위한 안정동위원소 분석 기법의 소개와 활용
Application of Stable Isotope Analysis for Aquaculture Organisms 원문보기

한국해양생명과학회지 = Journal of marine life science, v.7 no.2, 2022년, pp.61 - 73

원은지 (한양대학교 해양대기과학연구소) , 윤희영 (한양대학교 해양대기과학연구소) , 최보형 (국립수산과학원 중앙내수면연구소) , 신경훈 (한양대학교 해양대기과학연구소)

초록
AI-Helper

안정동위원소 분석 기법(Stable isotope analysis, SIA)은 환경과학, 생태학, 지구생물화학, 법의학, 고고학 등 다양한 연구 분야에 활용되고 있다. 본 총설에서는 수산 및 양식 연구에 안정동위원소 비 분석 기법을 활용하기 위해 필요한 배경 지식을 소개하고자 한다. 특히, 자연값(natural abundance)을 이용하는 연구에 초점을 두었고 원소가 생물의 조직으로 통합되는 과정에서 발생하는 분별작용(동위원소 비의 변화)에 대한 원리와 안정동위원소 비가 유용한 도구로서 어떤 목적으로 생태, 환경학 분야에 이용되는지, 나아가 수산 및 양식 분야에 활용 가능한 예들을 제시하고자 한다. 본 논문을 통한 안정동위원소 분야의 이해로 향후 수산학 및 양식 연구에서 안정 동위원소 비의 다양한 활용이 기대된다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Stable isotope analysis (SIA) is being used in various research fields including environmental science, ecology, biogeochemistry, forensics, and archeology. In this paper, for the purpose of enhancing applications and utilizations stable isotope analysis techniques to aquaculture research, we would like to introduce the background knowledge necessary to utilize stable isotope analysis techniques. In particular, with a focus on the approach using natural abundance, the principle of fractionation (change in isotope ratio) that occurs in the process of the integration of elements into biological tissues and how stable isotope ratios are determined by fractionation. This paper is intended to suggest whether SIA is used as a valuable tool in the fields of ecology and environmental science. With the understanding of the field of stable isotopes through this paper, various applications of stable isotope ratios are expected in fisheries science and aquaculture research in the future.

주제어

표/그림 (8)

그림 Fig. 1. Differences of isotope ratios (¹⁸O/¹⁶O) between glacial and interglacial period resulting from the capture of ¹⁶O isotopes in glacial ice.
그림 Fig. 2. Isotopic differences among trophic relations. Trophic discrimination factors (TDF) (Minagawa and Wada, 1984) of carbon (≤ 1‰) and nitrogen (≈ 3.4‰), commonly used to determine trophic position (TP) and food web structure in ecosystems using bulk isotope ratios.
그림 Fig. 3. IRMS connected with GC or LC can be used to measure isotope ratios of each compound. Upper and down pannel indicate nitrogen peak in bulk tissue measured by EA-IRMS and peaks of each amino acid separated from bulk nitrogen by GCIRMS, respectively.
$Fig. 4. The isotopic fractionation (enrichment process) of carbon during biological processes. The lighter 12C is incorporated in living tissues more priory during photosynthesis and their fractionations are different according to photosynthesis processes.$ 그림 Fig. 4. The isotopic fractionation (enrichment process) of carbon during biological processes. The lighter 12C is incorporated in living tissues more priory during photosynthesis and their fractionations are different according to photosynthesis processes.
그림 Fig. 5. Example of (A) trophic position study using compound specific isotope analysis of amino acid (nitrogen stable isotope ratio) and (B) study of TDF change in nitrogen stable isotope ratios of amino acid according to food quality (adopted from Miura and Goto, 2012).
그림 Fig. 6. Hypothetical annual model of energy allocation for the two bivalve species developed from previous studies (A) Pecten maximus and (B) Crassostrea gigas (cited from Paulet et al., 2006 without modification). Arrows illustrate energy origin (food or reserve tissue) during the three different periods for each species. R signifies that energy is primarily being allocated to reproduction and S to somatic growth; small caps indicate secondary processes that can still occur if energy is in excess. Hachure section represents a resting stage for oysters.
그림 Fig. 7. The ranges of δ¹³C values of organic matter sources and fishes collected from three coastal bay and freshwater in Korea (The results were adopted from Kang et al. (2009) and modified). The ranges of δ¹³C of fishes from three different bays have similar values with benthic microalgae, while those of fish from Nakdong River were fitted with the values of terrestrial POM and Reed as potential producer from their respective site.
그림 Fig. 8. Multi-isotopic approach providing diverse environmental and physiological information for geographical authentication of bivalve manila clam tested in three different countries (Adopted from Won et al., 2021).

AI 본문요약
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문제 정의

본 총설에서는 해양생물의 먹이, 생리, 서식 환경과 생물 간 관계 등의 주제를 바탕으로 수산 · 양식 생물에 활용될 수 있는 연구의 내용과 결과를 소개하고 있다

후속연구

최근 다양한 수산생물이 양식 시스템에서 길러지고 있다. 야생에 서식하는 어류의 먹이를 대체하면서도 경제성을 갖는 고품질의 배합사료 생산은 고품질 양식 산업에서 중요한 연구 주제이다 안정동위원소 비를 이용한 먹이 연구는 양식생물의 영양관리에 도움을 줄 수 있으며, 이는 영양학적으로 흡수된 영양성분을 조성을 파악할 수 있게 하는 것에 그치지 않고 영양소를 활용하고 대사 중간체를 조직으로 보내는 방법에 대한 이해를 높여 나아가 경제성 있는 양식생물의 먹이 개발에 활용 될 수 있음을 보여준다.
양식 · 수산 생물의 건강과 관련된 먹이, 생리, 성장, 번식과 같은 생물에 대한 정보 및 이들의 건강한 서식 환경과 유통에 이르기 까지 구축되어야 할 양식 수산 학의 분야의 환경은 안정동위원소 분석법의 새로운 적용의 장이 될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다
양식 · 수산 생물의 건강과 관련된 먹이, 생리, 성장, 번식과 같은 생물에 대한 정보 및 이들의 건강한 서식 환경과 유통에 이르기 까지 구축되어야 할 양식 수산 학의 분야의 환경은 안정동위원소 분석법의 새로운 적용의 장이 될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. 추후 국내 수산 양식 분야의 연구에서 안정동위원소 분석법을 적용할 수 있는 주제를 발굴하고 적극 활용하여 안정동위원소 분야가 수산 및 양식 분야 연구 영역으로 확장 될 것을 기대한다.

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저자의 다른 논문 :

표제어: PCR

동의어: Packet Collision Rate

용어 설명 출처 목록 (6)

용어 설명: PCR은 세균 특이성이 있는 primer를 이용하여 적은 수의 세균이 있을지라도 쉽게 검출할 수 있는 유용한 방법이며, 이를 이용하여 구강 내 치면세균막이나 타액에서 직접 세균을 검출할 수 있게 되었다[8].

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