[논문]Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities of a 70% ethanol-Symphyocladia linearis extract

Jeong Min Lee; Mi-Jin Yim; Hyun-Soo Kim; Seok-Chun Ko; Ji-Yul Kim; Gun-Woo Oh; Kyunghwa Baek; Dae-Sung Lee

doi:10.47853/fas.2022.e52

[국내논문] Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities of a 70% ethanol-Symphyocladia linearis extract 원문보기

Fisheries and aquatic sciences, v.25 no.11, 2022년, pp.579 - 586

Jeong Min Lee (National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea) , Mi-Jin Yim (National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea) , Hyun-Soo Kim (National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea) , Seok-Chun Ko (National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea) , Ji-Yul Kim (National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea) , Gun-Woo Oh (National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea) , Kyunghwa Baek (National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea) , Dae-Sung Lee (National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Research on the potential biological activity of red alga Symphyocladia spp. has been limited to Symphyocladia latiuscula, which is widely used as a food ingredient in Korea. Here, we examined the biological activity of another species, Symphyocladia linearis, which is found in Korea and was reported as a new species in 2013. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial properties of a 70% ethanol extract of S. linearis. Antioxidant activity, which was evaluated using radical scavenging assays, revealed half maximal inhibitory concentration values for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) of 34.57 and 11.70 ㎍/mL algal extract, respectively. Anti-inflammatory activity of the S. linearis ethanolic extract was evaluated using RAW 264.7 cells by measuring the inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production. The potential cytotoxicity of NO and PGE2 was first examined, confirming no toxicity at concentrations ranging from 10-100 ㎍/mL. NO production was inhibited 61.1% and 78.0% at 50 and 100 ㎍/mL S. linearis extract, respectively; and PGE2 production was inhibited 69.1%, 83.2%, and 94.8% at 25, 50, and 100 ㎍/mL S. linearis extract, respectively. Thus, the S. linearis extract showed very strong efficacy against PGE2 production. The cellular production of reactive oxygen species, measured using 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate fluorescence, was inhibited 48.8% by the addition of 100 ㎍/mL S. linearis extract. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using the disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). S. linearis was effective only against gram-positive bacteria, exhibiting antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus with a MIC of 256 ㎍/mL extract and against Bacillus cereus with a MIC of 1,024 ㎍/mL extract. Based on these results, we infer that a 70% ethanolic extract of S. linearis possesses strong anti-inflammatory properties, and therefore has the potential to be used in the prevention and treatment of inflammatory and immune diseases.

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표/그림 (4)

그림 Fig. 1. Effect of Symphyocladia linearis extract (10-100 μg/mL) on cell viability (A) and production of ROS (B). RAW 264.7 cells were pretreated with different concentrations of S. linearis extract (10-100 μg/mL) and then exposed to LPS. All data are expressed as a percentage (%) of the NT. The experiment was performed in triplicate and data are presented as mean ± SD. ***p <0.001 versus the LPS-stimulated group. NT, untreated control; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; ROS, reactive oxygen species.
그림 Fig. 2. Effect of Symphyocladia linearis extract (10-100 μg/mL) on NO (A) and PGE₂ (B) production. RAW 264.7 cells were pretreated with different concentrations of S. linearis extract (10-100 μg/mL) and then exposed to LPS. All data are expressed as a percentage (%) of the NT. The experiment was performed in triplicate and data are represented as mean ± SD. ***p <0.001 versus the LPS-stimulated group. NT, untreated control; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; NO, nitric oxide; PGE₂, prostaglandin E₂.
표 Table 1. DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity of Symphyocladia linearis extract expressed as the IC₅₀
표 Table 2. Paper disc difusion assay and MIC of Symphyocladia linearis extract against four bacterial strains

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