[논문]SARS-CoV-2 감염의 진단에 이용되는 검사실 테스트의 비교

이창근; 이동섭

doi:10.15324/kjcls.2022.54.2.79

SARS-CoV-2 감염의 진단에 이용되는 검사실 테스트의 비교
Comparison of Laboratory Tests Applied for Diagnosing the SARS-CoV-2 Infection 원문보기

Korean journal of clinical laboratory science : KJCLS = 대한임상검사과학회지, v.54 no.2, 2022년, pp.79 - 94

이창근 (아주대학교 의과대학 의학유전학과) , 이동섭 (혜전대학교 임상병리과)

초록
AI-Helper

COVID-19로 인한 높은 전염성과 호흡기 질환의 심각성 때문에, 전염의 확산을 더 잘 모니터링하고 예방하기 위해 경제적이고 정확한 검사가 필요하다. COVID-19 대유행의 초기 단계에서 SARS-CoV-2의 구조적 및 분자적 특성이 밝혀짐에 따라, 많은 COVID-19 진단 키트 제조업체들은 진단 테스트의 설계, 개발, 검증 및 구현에 적극적으로 투자했다. 현재, SARS-CoV-2에 대한 진단검사로써 신속한 항원, 특정 IgG 및 IgM 항체검사를 위한 면역 혈청학적 검사 그리고 분자 진단 검사가 가장 널리 사용되고 검증된 기술이다. 분자 진단 분석법은 SARS-CoV-2에 감염된 것으로 의심되는 개인에서 바이러스 RNA를 직접 검출하기 위한 gold standard이다. 항체 기반 혈청 검사는 지역사회에서 COVID-19 유병률을 결정하고 면역력을 획득한 개인을 식별하는 데 사용되는 간접 검사이다. 본 논문에서는 시판되고 FDA가 승인한 분자 및 면역학적 진단 측정을 평가하여 성능 특성을 분석하였다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Due to the highly contagious nature and severity of the respiratory diseases caused by COVID-19, economical and accurate tests are required to better monitor and prevent the spread of this contagion. As the structural and molecular properties of SARS-CoV-2 were being revealed during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic, many manufacturers of COVID-19 diagnostic kits actively invested in the design, development, validation, verification, and implementation of diagnostic tests. Currently, diagnostic tests for SARS-CoV-2 are the most widely used and validated techniques for rapid antigen, and immuno-serological assays for specific IgG and IgM antibody tests and molecular diagnostic tests. Molecular diagnostic assays are the gold standard for direct detection of viral RNA in individuals suspected to be infected with SARS-CoV-2. Antibody-based serological tests are indirect tests applied to determine COVID-19 prevalence in the community and identify individuals who have obtained immunity. In the future, it is necessary to explore technical problems encountered in the early stages of global or regional outbreaks of pandemics and provide future directions for better diagnostic tests. This article evaluates the commercially available and FDA-approved molecular and immunological diagnostic assays and analyzes their performance characteristics.

주제어

표/그림 (10)

그림 Figure 1. SARS-CoV-2 structure, functional proteins, genome organization, and diagnostic targets. Abbreviations: UTR, untranslated region; ORF, open reading frame; RdRp, RNA dependent RNA polymerase; S, spike protein; E, envelope protein; M, membrane protein; N, nucleocapsid protein; RBD, receptor-binding domain; RBM, receptor binding motif; FP, fusion peptide; HR, heptad repeat; TM, transmembrane domain; CP, cytoplasmic domain. References [1, 4, 5].
그림 Figure 2. Timeline of diagnostic test for viral load, IgM and IgG at different phase of post SARS-CoV-2 infection. Abbreviations: RT-qPCR, real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; IgM, immunoglobulin M; IgG, immunoglobulin G. References [4, 8, 12-14].
그림 Figure 3. Laboratory test used for SARS-CoV-2 detection. Culture and microscopy are not used for laboratory tests but are used for research purposes. Abbreviations: NAAT, nucleic acid amplification test; RT-PCR, reverse transcription-PCR; RT-RPA, reverse transcription-recombinase polymerase amplification; TMA, transcription-mediated amplification; NEAR, nicking enzyme-assisted reaction; RT-LAMP, reverse transcription–loopmediated isothermal amplification; CRISPR-Cas, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-CRISPR associated (Cas); Ag-RDT, antigen rapid diagnostic test; LFIA, lateral flow immunoassay; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; CLIA, chemiluminescence immunoassay; FMI, fluorescent microparticle immunoassay; LFIA, lateral-flow immunoassay. Reference [18].
표 Table 1. List of COVID-19 diagnostic devices using RT-qPCR approved by Ministry of Foods and Drug Safety (MFDS) in Korea
표 Table 2. Comparison for gene targets, gene locations and amplicon sizes of disclosed RT-qPCR
표 Table 3. List of COVID-19 diagnostic devices to detect SARS-CoV-2 antigens approved by Ministry of Foods and Drug Safety in Korea
표 Table 4. List of COVID-19 diagnostic devices to detect SARS-CoV-2 antibodies approved by Ministry of Foods and Drug Safety in Korea
표 Table 5. SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic tests platforms
표 Table 6. Comparison of RT-qPCR and serological immunosaaay
표 Table 7. Comparisons of FDA-approved COVID-19 diagnostic assays

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저자의 다른 논문 :

표제어: PCR

동의어: Packet Collision Rate

용어 설명 출처 목록 (6)

용어 설명: PCR은 세균 특이성이 있는 primer를 이용하여 적은 수의 세균이 있을지라도 쉽게 검출할 수 있는 유용한 방법이며, 이를 이용하여 구강 내 치면세균막이나 타액에서 직접 세균을 검출할 수 있게 되었다[8].

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저장형식	Text(ASCII format) Excel format RefWorks Direct Export RIS format (for Reference Manager, ProCite, EndNote), Scholar's Aids, Mendeley
메일정보	받는사람 (필수) @ 보내는사람 (선택) @ 제목 내용 KISTI 검색결과 이메일 서비스
안내	총 건의 자료가 검색되었습니다. 다운받으실 자료의 인덱스를 입력하세요. (1-10,000) 검색결과의 순서대로 최대 10,000건 까지 다운로드가 가능합니다. 데이타가 많을 경우 속도가 느려질 수 있습니다.(최대 2~3분 소요) 다운로드 파일은 UTF-8 형태로 저장됩니다. 파일의 내용이 제대로 보이지 않을실 때는 웹브라우저 상단의 보기 -> 인코딩 -> 자동선택 여부를 확인하십시오. ~ Text(ASCII format) Excel format

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