[논문]Recent Trends of Abnormal Sea Surface Temperature Occurrence Analyzed from Buoy and Satellite Data in Waters around Korean Peninsula

Choi, Won-Jun; Yang, Chan-Su

doi:10.7780/kjrs.2022.38.4.3

Recent Trends of Abnormal Sea Surface Temperature Occurrence Analyzed from Buoy and Satellite Data in Waters around Korean Peninsula 원문보기

대한원격탐사학회지 = Korean journal of remote sensing, v.38 no.4, 2022년, pp.355 - 364

Choi, Won-Jun (Ocean Science and Technology School, Korea Maritime and Ocean University) , Yang, Chan-Su (Ocean Science and Technology School, Korea Maritime and Ocean University)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

In this study a tendency of abnormal sea surface temperature (SST) occurrence in the seas around South Korea is analyzed from daily SST data from satellite and 14 buoys from August 2020 to July 2021. As thresholds 28℃ and 4℃ are used to determine marine heatwaves(MHWs) and abnormal low water temperature (ALWT), respectively, because those values are adopted by the National Institute of Fisheries Science for the breaking news of abnormal temperature. In order to calculate frequency of abnormal SST occurrence spatially by using satellite SST, research area was divided into six areas of coast and three open seas. ALWT dominantly appeared over a wide area (7,745 km2) in Gyeonggi Bay for total 94 days and it was also confirmed from buoy temperature showing an occurrence number of 47 days. MHWs tended to be high in frequency in the coastal areas of Chungcheongdo and Jeollabukdo and the south coastal areas while in case of buoy temperature Jupo was the place of high frequency (32 days). This difference was supposed to be due to the low accuracy of satellite SST at the coasts. MHWs are also dominant in offshore waters around Korean Peninsula. Although detecting abnormal SST by using satellite SST has advantage of understanding occurrence from a spatial point of view, we also need to perform detection using buoys to increase detection accuracy along the coast.

주제어

표/그림 (9)

그림 Fig. 1. Mean SST map of the study area for August 2020 to July 2021. The buoy locations are indicated by triangles.
표 Table 1. Locations for 14 buoys used for abnormal SST detection
그림 Fig. 2. Six subdivisions of coastal area (gray): (a) the Gyeonggi Bay, (b) coast of Chungcheongdo and Jeollabukdo, (c) coast of Jeollanamdo, (d) south coast of Korea, (e) east coast of Korea, (f) Jeju, and three subdivisions of open sea area (light blue), (g) the Yellow Sea, (h) the East Sea, and (i) waters between Jeju and Japan.
그림 Fig. 3. Flowchart of the study method in order to analyze ALWT and MHWs trends.
그림 Fig. 4. Spatial frequency of ALWT (a) and MHWs (b) using KOOS SST during the study period.
그림 Fig. 5. KOOS SST based chronological occurrence of ALWT and MHWs in the study areas.
표 Table 2. Frequencies of ALWT/MHWs in the study areas during the study period
그림 Fig. 6. Frequency of ALWT and MHWs for each of the 14 buoys during the study period.
그림 Fig. 7. Buoys (14) based occurrence of ALWT and MHWs in the study areas.

AI 본문요약
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성능/효과

Therefore, this study is an attempt to grasp the trends around South Korea using satellite and buoy SST. Detection results using KOOS SST and buoy SST showed similar tendencies. The ALWT occurred more frequently along the west coast of Korea than the east coast of Korea, and ALWT occurrences were more in the coasts than the open sea.
The ALWT occurred more frequently along the west coast of Korea than the east coast of Korea, and ALWT occurrences were more in the coasts than the open sea. Gyeonggi Bay is detected as the most vulnerable area where ALWT occurred over the widest area for the longest period, starting from the earliest day (December). The MHWs was detected at both coast and open sea compared to ALWT.
Satellite SST is known to be difficult to reflect water temperature variability on the coast due to proximity to land and shallow water depths. In addition, microwave measurements are known to increase errors in vigorous tidal mixing waters. The detection of abnormal SST should be performed using KOOS SST, which can solve spatial constraints, and the accuracy of the coast should be improved by using buoy water temperature data observed in the field.
The MHWs was detected at both coast and open sea compared to ALWT. In the case of the coast of Chungcheongdo and Jeollabukdo and the south coast of Korea, the frequency of MHWs tended to increase in the direction of onshore.
Satellite SST is known to be difficult to reflect water temperature variability on the coast due to proximity to land and shallow water depths. In addition, microwave measurements are known to increase errors in vigorous tidal mixing waters.
Detection results using KOOS SST and buoy SST showed similar tendencies. The ALWT occurred more frequently along the west coast of Korea than the east coast of Korea, and ALWT occurrences were more in the coasts than the open sea. Gyeonggi Bay is detected as the most vulnerable area where ALWT occurred over the widest area for the longest period, starting from the earliest day (December).
Gyeonggi Bay is detected as the most vulnerable area where ALWT occurred over the widest area for the longest period, starting from the earliest day (December). The MHWs was detected at both coast and open sea compared to ALWT. In the case of the coast of Chungcheongdo and Jeollabukdo and the south coast of Korea, the frequency of MHWs tended to increase in the direction of onshore.
In addition, microwave measurements are known to increase errors in vigorous tidal mixing waters. The detection of abnormal SST should be performed using KOOS SST, which can solve spatial constraints, and the accuracy of the coast should be improved by using buoy water temperature data observed in the field. Though the tendency of ALWT and MHWs was suggested, it is not suitable to analyze the tendency with one-year data.
The detection of abnormal SST should be performed using KOOS SST, which can solve spatial constraints, and the accuracy of the coast should be improved by using buoy water temperature data observed in the field. Though the tendency of ALWT and MHWs was suggested, it is not suitable to analyze the tendency with one-year data. Thus, research works are needed with data of several years, and the accuracy of detection need to be improved if abnormal SST thresholds suitable for regional water temperature characteristics are set and additional factors that cause abnormal SST occurrence are applied to detection conditions.

후속연구

However, the NIFS sets the location of buoy as a specific sea area. Therefore, this study is an attempt to grasp the trends around South Korea using satellite and buoy SST. Detection results using KOOS SST and buoy SST showed similar tendencies.
Thus, research works are needed with data of several years, and the accuracy of detection need to be improved if abnormal SST thresholds suitable for regional water temperature characteristics are set and additional factors that cause abnormal SST occurrence are applied to detection conditions. This study will be the basis for the monitoring system of ALWT and MHWs around the Korean Peninsula.
Though the tendency of ALWT and MHWs was suggested, it is not suitable to analyze the tendency with one-year data. Thus, research works are needed with data of several years, and the accuracy of detection need to be improved if abnormal SST thresholds suitable for regional water temperature characteristics are set and additional factors that cause abnormal SST occurrence are applied to detection conditions. This study will be the basis for the monitoring system of ALWT and MHWs around the Korean Peninsula.

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