[논문]지리산 구상나무림의 종조성 및 식생구조

이진수; 신동빈; 이아림; 이승재; 김준수; 변준기; 오승환

doi:10.13047/kjee.2023.37.4.259

지리산 구상나무림의 종조성 및 식생구조
Species Composition and Vegetation Structure of Abies koreana Forest in Mt. Jiri 원문보기

한국환경생태학회지 = Korean journal of environment and ecology, v.37 no.4, 2023년, pp.259 - 272

이진수 (경북대학교 대학원 임학과) , 신동빈 (경북대학교 대학원 임학과) , 이아림 (경북대학교 대학원 임학과) , 이승재 (경북대학교 대학원 임학과) , 김준수 (자연과숲연구소) , 변준기 (국립백두대간수목원 산림자원보전실) , 오승환 (경북대학교 산림과학조경학부 임학전공)

초록
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지리산 국립공원 내 구상나무림의 종조성과 식생구조를 파악하기 위하여 구상나무 자생지역에 약 400m² 면적의 조사구 49개소를 설정하여, 식물사회학적 방법에 따라 현장조사를 실시하고, 이원지표종분석(TWINSPAN)과 표조작법을 병용하여 군집 분류를 실시했다. 그 후 군집 유형별 중요치를 활용한 종조성 분석, 종다양도 분석, 흉고직경급 분석, 치수 분석 및 유사도 분석을 시행하였다. 군집 분류 결과, 지리산의 구상나무림은 A, B, C, D, E 등 총 5개의 군집으로 분류되었다. 관중-함박꽃나무-조릿대와 미역취-사스래나무-실새풀에 의하여 2개의 군집으로 구분되며, 전자는 층층나무-산수국에 의하여 A, B 유형으로 구분되었다. 후자는 마가목-진달래 군집과 전형군집인 E 유형으로 구분되고, 가문비나무-곰취와 단풍취에 의하여 C, D 유형으로 구분되었다. 식생 분석을 통해 지리산 구상나무림은 구상나무, 신갈나무, 당단풍나무, 쇠물푸레나무, 사스래나무 등의 중요치가 높게 나타났으며, 종다양도의 경우 선행 연구에서 나타난 지리산 구상나무림의 종다양도와 유사한 결과를 나타내었다. 흉고직경급 분석 결과 전 층위에서 구상나무가 우점하며 치수 생장도 양호하여 당분간 구상나무의 우점이 유지될 것으로 판단하나, 추후 증가할 것으로 예상되는 생물다양성의 가치와 기후변화로 인한 위협을 고려하였을 때, 지속적인 모니터링을 실시하여 각종 위협에 대응하는 체계적인 보전 및 관리가 요구된다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

This study set up 49 survey areas with an area of about 400 square meters in Abies koreana natural habitat to identify the species composition and vegetation structure of the A. koreana forest in the Mt. Jiri Nation Park, conducted field surveys using phytosociological methods, and performed the cluster analysis using the Two-Way Indicator Species Analysis (TWINSPAN) and Table manipulation. Subsequently, species composition analysis using the importance value, species diversity analysis, DBH analysis, sapling analysis, and similarity analysis was conducted by each cluster type. The cluster analysis classified the A. koreana forest in Mt. Jiri into five clusters, A, B, C, D, and E. The forest was divided into two clusters, Magnolia sieboldii-Dryopteris crassirhizoma-Sasa borealis and Betula ermanii-Solidago virgaurea-Calamagrostis arundinacea. The former was classified as type A and B by Cornus controversa-Hydrangea macrophylla, and the latter was classified as type E, a typical community, and a Sorbus commixta-Rhododendron mucronulatum cluster. And the S. commixta-R. mucronulatum cluster was divided into C type and D type by Picea jezoensis-Ligularia fischeri and Ainsliaea acerifolia. Through vegetation analysis, the importance value of A. koreana, Quercus mongolica, Acer pseudosieboldianum, Fraxinus sieboldiana, and B. ermanii was highly expressed in the A. koreana forest in Mt. Jiri. Regarding species diversity, the results were similar to those reported in other studies of A. koreana forests in Mt. Jiri. The analysis of diameter at breast height (DBH) showed that A. koreana dominated all layers, and the growth of saplings was also good, indicating that the dominance of A. koreana is expected to continue for a while. However, when considering the value of biodiversity that is expected to increase and threats caused by climate change, systematic preservation and management are required to respond to various threats based on continuous monitoring.

주제어

표/그림 (11)

그림 Figure 1. The location of study site in Mt. Jiri.
표 Table 1. Meteorological data of the Mt. Jiri
그림 Figure 2. The Abies koreana stands divided by species composition using TWINSPAN. *Bc : Betula ermanii, Sv : Solidago virgaurea, Ca : Calamagrostis arundinacea, Ms : Magnolia sieboldii, Dc : Dryopteris crassirhizoma, Sb : Sasa borealis, Cc : Cornus controversa, Hm : Hydrangea macrophylla, Sc : Sorbus commixta, Rm : Rhododendron mucronulatum, Pj : Picea jezoensis, Lf : Ligularia fischeri, Aa : Ainsliaea acerifolia
표 Table 2. A summary table that indicates community types and vegetation units with constancy. Roman numerals(including 'r') indicate constancy classes, while Arabic numerals(including 'r' and '+') indicate coverage classes. 170 species were found in the study site, and differential species whose constancy below 30% were not shown on this table.
표 Table 3. The general features of the respective groups
표 Table 2. Continued
표 Table 4. Importance value(IV) of woody plants for 5 vegetation units classified in the study area
표 Table 5. Species diversity indices of 5 Vegetation units
그림 Figure 3. DBH class distribution of 7 major trees in each group of the study area. *Abies koreana(AbKo), Quercus mongolica(QuMo), Acer pseudosieboldianum(AcPs), Fraxinus sieboldiana(FrSi), Betula ermanii(BeEr), Pinus koraiensis(PiKo), Sorbus commixta(SoCo)
표 Table 6. The number of A. koreana seedling classified by height class
표 Table 7. Similarity Index of 5 vegetation units

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