[논문]수박 품종들의 덩굴쪼김병균에 대한 저항성 특성

이수민; 조은주; 김헌; 최경자

doi:10.5423/rpd.2023.29.3.258

수박 품종들의 덩굴쪼김병균에 대한 저항성 특성
Resistance Characteristics of Watermelon Cultivars to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum 원문보기

Research in plant disease = 식물병연구, v.29 no.3, 2023년, pp.258 - 267

이수민 (한국화학연구원 친환경신물질연구센터) , 조은주 (한국화학연구원 친환경신물질연구센터) , 김헌 (한국화학연구원 친환경신물질연구센터) , 최경자 (한국화학연구원 친환경신물질연구센터)

초록
AI-Helper

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (Fon)에 의한 덩굴쪼김병은 수박 재배지에서 심각한 피해를 주는 병해 중 하나이다. 국내에서 대부분의 수박 품종들은 덩굴쪼김병에 대해 감수성이다. 덩굴쪼김병균은 4개의 수박 품종에 대한 병원성을 기준으로 4개의 레이스(0, 1, 2, 3)가 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 7개의 덩굴쪼김병균을 수집하고 이 병원균들의 레이스를 확인하였다. 그 결과, KACC 40902와 HA 균주는 race 0, NW1, NW2, CW 그리고 KACC 40901 균주들은 race 1로, KACC 40905 균주는 race 2로 동정되었으며, race 3 균주는 확인되지 않았다. 또한, 수박의 3개의 감수성 품종에서 7개의 덩굴쪼김병균의 병원력을 비교하였다. 실험에 사용한 Fon 균주들은 균주들 간에 서로 다른 병원력을 나타냈다. 그리고 중도 저항성이거나 저항성으로 알려진 수박 품종 3개, 수박 대목 1개, 감수성 품종 1개를 선발하여 Fon에 대한 수박의 저항성 특성을 조사하였다. 수박 대목은 7개 Fon 균주들에 대해 높은 저항성 반응을 나타냈고, 'Calhoun gray'는 KACC 40905 균주를 제외한 6개 균주에 대해서는 높은 저항성 반응을 나타낸 반면, 나머지 2개의 수박 품종('속노란꿀'과 '초당꿀')은 실험한 7개 균주들의 병원력에 비례하여 수박 덩굴쪼김병이 발생이 증가하였다. 이상의 결과로부터 Fon에 대한 수박의 저항성은 병원균의 레이스 분화가 아닌 병원균의 병원력에 의해 결정된다고 생각되었다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (Fon) is a serious disease in watermelon cultivation. Most of commercialized watermelon cultivars to Fusarium wilt are susceptible in Korea. Fon isolates were divided into four races (races 0, 1, 2, and 3), based on pathogenicity in four watermelon differentials including 'Sugar baby', 'Charleston gray', 'Calhoun gray' and 'PI-296341-FR'. We obtained 7 isolates of Fon and tested to determine race of the fungal strains. Fon KACC 40902 and Fon HA were race 0 and Fon NW1, Fon NW2, Fon CW and Fon KACC 40901 were race 1. And Fon KACC 40905 was race 2, but race 3 isolate of Fon was not founded. We also tested virulence of seven Fon isolates on three-susceptible cultivars of watermelon. The isolates showed different virulence on the cultivars. In addition, to study the resistance characteristics of watermelon to Fon, we selected three moderately or highly resistant cultivars of watermelon and occurrence of Fusarium wilt in seedlings of the cultivars by seven Fon isolates was investigated. Among them, 'Calhoun gray' is highly resistant to six Fon isolates except Fon KACC 40905. On the other two cultivars, disease severity of Fusarium wilt caused by each isolate was positively correlated with the virulence of the Fon isolates. The results suggest that resistance of the watermelon cultivars to Fon isolates is likely affected by the virulence of the pathogen.

주제어

표/그림 (7)

그림 Fig. 1. Development of Fusarium wilt on differential genotypes caused by 7 isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (Fon). (A) Fon HA (race 0). (B) Fon CW (race 1). (C) Fon KACC 40905 (race 2). 1, 'Sugar baby'; 2, 'Charleston gray'; 3, 'Calhoun gray'; 4, 'PI-296341-FR'.
표 Table 1. Disease severity of Fusarium wilt on four differentials caused by 7 isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum isolates and race identification of the fungal isolates^a
그림 Fig. 2. Occurrence of Fusarium wilt on seedlings of three susceptible watermelon cultivars caused by 7 isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum. (A) 'Seotaeja'. (B) 'Nunettine'. (C) 'Kamchunkkul'. Fourteen-day-old seedlings of each cultivar were inoculated with 7 isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum by cutting the roots with a scalpel, and then 10 ml of spore suspension (3.0×106 conidia/ml) was applied into soil. The inoculated plants were incubated in a dew chamber at 25ºC for 24 hr and transferred to a growth room at 25ºC with 12 hr light a day. Eight to eighteen days after inoculation at 2-day intervals, disease severity of the seedling was investigated on a scale of 0-4. Each value represents the mean disease index of two runs with 10 replicates each.
표 Table 2. Occurrence of Fusarium wilt on three susceptible cultivars of watermelon caused by 7 isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum^a
$Fig. 3. Area under disease curve (AUDPC) of Fusarium wilt on seedlings of three susceptible watermelon cultivars caused by 7 isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum. The data were obtained from ten replicates with two repetitions. AUDPC was calculated by following equation. Values labeled with the same letter within each inoculum concentration are not significantly different based on Duncan's multiple range test at P=0.05. <TEX>$AUD-PC={\sum}_{i=1}^n[t(i+1)-ti]\times[DS(i+1)=Dsi]/2$</TEX>(n=number of assessments, ti=number of days after inoculation on assessment date i, DSi=disease severity on assessment date i).$ 그림 Fig. 3. Area under disease curve (AUDPC) of Fusarium wilt on seedlings of three susceptible watermelon cultivars caused by 7 isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum. The data were obtained from ten replicates with two repetitions. AUDPC was calculated by following equation. Values labeled with the same letter within each inoculum concentration are not significantly different based on Duncan's multiple range test at P=0.05. $AUD-PC={\sum}_{i=1}^n[t(i+1)-ti]\times[DS(i+1)=Dsi]/2$(n=number of assessments, ti=number of days after inoculation on assessment date i, DSi=disease severity on assessment date i).
표 Table 3. Occurrence of Fusarium wilt on four watermelon cultivars and one watermelon-rootstock cultivar caused by seven isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum^a
표 Table 4. Area under disease curve (AUDPC) of Fusarium wilt on four watermelon cultivars and one watermelon-rootstock cultivar caused by seven isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum^a

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