[논문]과학 관련 직업과 진로 교육에 대한 중학교 과학 교사의 인식

송나윤; 박선영; 노태희

doi:10.14697/jkase.2024.44.2.167

과학 관련 직업과 진로 교육에 대한 중학교 과학 교사의 인식
Middle School Science Teacher's Perceptions of Science-Related Careers and Career Education

한국과학교육학회지 = Journal of the Korean association for science education, v.44 no.2, 2024년, pp.167 - 178

송나윤 (서울대학교 교육종합연구원) , 박선영 (잠신고등학교) , 노태희 (서울대학교)

초록
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이 연구에서는 중학교 과학 교사들을 대상으로 과학 관련 직업에 대한 인식과 진로 교육의 인식을 조사하였다. 중학교 1학년 과학과 나의 미래 단원 수업 경험이 있는 과학 교사 64명을 대상으로 온라인 설문을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 과학 교사들이 제시한 과학 관련 직업에는 과학적 직업뿐만 아니라 과학을 활용한 직업이 차지하는 비율도 상당하였다. 교사가 제시한 과학 관련 직업 중에서 연구직 및 공학기술직이 가장 높은 비율로 나타났으며, 교육·법률·사회복지·경찰·소방직 및 군인, 보건·의료직이 그 뒤를 이었다. 그러나 설치·정비·생산직이 차지하는 비율은 매우 낮았다. 과학 관련 직업에 필요한 능력으로는 일하는 데 필요한 기능, 일하는 방법이 주를 이루었으며, 사회와의 공존은 직업의 종류와 무관하게 대부분 직업에서 가장 낮았다. 과학 관련 진로 교육의 실태를 조사한 결과, 대부분 교사가 과학과 나의 미래 단원을 2~4차시 운영하는 그쳤으며, 일반 과학 수업에서도 과학 관련 진로 교육 운영에 할애하는 시간은 많지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 자유학기제 상황에서는 8시간 이상 과학 관련 진로교육을 운영한다고 응답한 교사가 상당수 나타났다. 과학과 나의 미래 단원이나 일반 과학 교과 수업 상황 모두 강의법이나 토의·토론법, 자율학습법을 주로 활용하는 것으로 나타났다. 한편 자유학기제 상황에서는 자원기반 학습이 다른 수업 상황과 비교했을 때 높은 비율로 나타났다. 이때 교사들은 전반적으로 미디어 자료를 많이 활용하였고, 교과서나 교사용 지도서의 활용은 예상보다 낮은 비율로 나타났으며, 과학관, 전시관 등에서 배포한 자료를 활용하거나 교육부 지원 자료를 활용하는 경우도 나타났다. 교사들은 학생 중심의 과학관련 진로 교육을 실행하고 다양한 교수학습 방법을 활용하는 것을 지향하였다. 이상의 연구 결과를 바탕으로 과학 관련 직업과 진로 교육에 대한 교사들의 인식을 개선하기 위한 방안을 제안하였다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

In this study, we investigated the perceptions of science-related careers and career education among middle school science teachers. Sixty-four science teachers experienced in teaching unit 7 in the first year of middle school participated. The results of the study revealed that not only careers in science but also careers with science were found to be quite high when teachers were asked to provide examples of science-related careers. Jobs related to research/engineering, which are careers in science, comprised the highest proportion of teachers' answers, followed by jobs related to education/law/social welfare/police/firefighting/military, and health/medical, which are careers with science. However, the proportion of jobs mentioned related to installation/maintenance/production was extremely low. The skills required for science-related careers were mainly perceived to consist of tools for working and ways of working. The number of skills classified under living in the world was perceived to be extremely low across most careers, irrespective of career type. Most teachers only taught unit 7 for two to four sessions and devoted little time to science-related career education, even in general science classes. In the free semester system, a significant number of teachers responded that they provide science-related career education for more than 8 hours. Teachers mainly utilize lecture, discussion/debate, and self-study activities. Meanwhile, in the free semester system, the resource-based learning method was utilized at a high proportion compared to other class situations. Teachers generally made much use of media materials, with the use of textbooks and teacher guides found to be lower than expected. There were also cases of using materials supported by science museums or the Ministry of Education. Teachers preferred to implementing student-centered classes and utilizing various teaching and learning methods. Based on the above research results, discussions were proposed to improve teachers' perceptions of science-related careers and career education.

주제어

표/그림 (9)

표 Table 1. Overview of teachers’ background
표 Table 2. The frequency and percentage of types of sciencerelated careers
표 Table 3. The frequency and percentage of skills for four science-related careers
표 Table 4. The frequency and percentage of skills for each four science-related careers
표 Table 5. The status of science-related career education in actual class situation
표 Table 6. The frequency and percentage of teaching and larning methods in actual class situation
표 Table 7. The frequency and percentage of materials used in actual class situation
표 Table 8. The frequency and percentage of teaching and learning methods in preferred class situation
표 Table 9. The frequency and percentage of reason for actual and preferred class situation difference

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