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In order to investigate hydrological processes and the possibility of estimation of residence times of soil and stream waters, preliminary geochemical and isotopic studies were carried out in a small forested watershed in Yesan, Chungchungnam-Do. For this purpose, precipitation, throughfall, soil wa...

In order to investigate hydrological processes and the possibility of estimation of residence times of soil and stream waters, preliminary geochemical and isotopic studies were carried out in a small forested watershed in Yesan, Chungchungnam-Do. For this purpose, precipitation, throughfall, soil water and stream water were sampled monthly for one year period (from November 2004 to November 2005), and their dissolved ionic concentrations and isotopic compositions were analysed. Concentration of K⁺ ion in throughfall was much higher than that in precipitation, indicating significant input of K⁺ ion produced by internal biological cycles. Oxygen and hydrogen isotopic compositions of throughfall were slightly heavier than those of precipitation, indicating a weak evaporation in the canopy. The δD and δ18O values of stream and soil waters plot on or near the regression line of rainy season precipitation/throughfall, and this indicates that groundwater feeding stream water in the study area was mostly recharged during rainy season. Oxygen isotopic compositions of soil waters were found to clearly reflect those of precipitation/throughfall in the study area. Attenuation of the seasonal isotopic variation of soil waters were also clearly observed during infiltration through the unsaturated soil profiles. Based on observed isotopic signals of precipitation, soil water and stream water, it is thought that residence times of soil water and stream water in the study area can be calculated if stable isotopic data are monitored for longer period.

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