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As critical thinking plays an important role in constructing knowledge for students and is interrelated with epistemology, it is often practiced in the classroom through Freire"s problem-posing method of education. This method of instruction is considered democratic due to teachers and students bein...

As critical thinking plays an important role in constructing knowledge for students and is interrelated with epistemology, it is often practiced in the classroom through Freire"s problem-posing method of education. This method of instruction is considered democratic due to teachers and students being able to share the power. However, in encouraging students to develop their critical thinking skills, teachers should begin to take a different stance by accepting "pluralism" and "qualified truth" instead of "absolute truth". If teachers expect certain discussions from students after posing a problem, and create an environment to induce the absolute truth of which the teachers think is right, the situation will limit students to fully and freely engage in critical thinking. Through embracing Peirce"s theory of fallibilism, teachers should reinterpret the definition of critical thinking. According to Thayer-Bacon, transforming critical thinking or constructive thinking is a feminist redescription of critical thinking to include emotions, intuition, and imagination as tools we use to help us think constructively, as well as reason, the historically favored tool in Euro-western philosophy. In this paper, the researcher introduces the theory of "Open Critical Thinking" and suggests that teachers should be more receptive to students" various perspectives by acknowledging "pluralism" and "qualified truth" which will also eventually help teachers to avoid misusing the power in the classroom.

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