초록

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Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

The purpose of this study is to examine the state and labor relations which surround the labor policy and labor movements under the authoritarian system of Park Chung Hee regime. The state and labor relations under the Third Republic systematized state labor control by the labor act amendment and ne...

The purpose of this study is to examine the state and labor relations which surround the labor policy and labor movements under the authoritarian system of Park Chung Hee regime. The state and labor relations under the Third Republic systematized state labor control by the labor act amendment and new-established state apparatuses from the military government. Park Chung Hee regime of the Third Republic used the labor control style of ‘administrative neutralism’ and ‘partial state corporatism’ with depoliticization of labor. And the activities of labor unions under the lead of Hankook Nochong(Federation of Korean Trade Unions) guided by state were weak in both side of the political and organizational spaces. Under the Yushin system, the activities of labor unions were wholly discontinued and repressed. While Korean state combined the Special Measures for Safeguarding National Security and the National Security Act with legal, administrative, and ideological controls. Korean state controled the activities of labor unions within the wholesale and exclusive repression by market mechanism. On the contrary, labor organizations enlarged the political and organizational spaces through the strikes, collective actions, and anti-regime democratization movements. Synthesized, the state and labor relations under Park Chung Hee regime were reexamined by three independent variables like ‘political regime,’ ‘politics of class coalitions,’ and ‘crisis of circumstantial setting’ of the political process perspective. The state’s labor policy transfigured “neutral → inclusive → repressive,” and also the labor’s political and organizational spaces were “some guaranteed → abridged or weakened → (voluntarily) magnified.” Specially, in the end of Yushin system, the labor organizations enlarged the political and organizational spaces through anti-regime democratization movements.

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