초록

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본 논문은 냉전기 안정적으로 유지되던 한미동맹이 1990년 이후 균열현상을 보인 원인을 한국의 국내정치 동학과 동맹의 딜레마, 그리고 동맹정치의 변화에 초점을 맞추어 분석하였다. 분석 결과 기존의 신현실주의적 시각과는 달리 한미동맹의 균열은 한반도 안보환경의 변화에 의한 것이라기보다는 민주화 세력의 정권 장악에 의한 권력관계 및 대미인식의 변화와 북핵문제를 둘러싸고 초래된 동맹의 딜레마 등이 중첩하는 과정에서 자주 외교와 북핵문제의 평화적 해결을 주창하는 ‘전술적 친미론자’들의 정치적 결정에 의해 발생했던 것이다. 즉 한반도 안보환경 내지 북핵문제라는 구조적 제약성이 김대중ㆍ노무현 정부의 안보정책의 선택범위를 제한하는 요인이 되었지만, 그것이 미국과의 동맹 강화로 연결되기보다는 오히려 핵심 쟁점을 둘러싼 이견 차이와 맞물리면서 한미동맹의 균열을 초래했던 것이다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

This paper intends to analyze the potential causes behind the crack in the Korea-US alliance that was stable during the Cold War era before it began heading south in the 1990s, by focusing on the dynamics of Korean politics, the alliance’s security dilemma, and the alliance’s politics. Analysis show...

This paper intends to analyze the potential causes behind the crack in the Korea-US alliance that was stable during the Cold War era before it began heading south in the 1990s, by focusing on the dynamics of Korean politics, the alliance’s security dilemma, and the alliance’s politics. Analysis shows that in contrast to the conventional neo-realist perspective, the chasm in the Korea-US alliance relations evolved not from changes in the global security landscape around the Korean Peninsula, but rather from the politically-inspired decisions of the ‘tactical pro- Americanists’ who advocated self-reliance in diplomacy and peaceful resolution of the North Korean nuclear issue, as the pro-democracy camp came to power, which overlapped with changes in the perspectives toward the US and the dilemma with the US in relation to the North Korean nuclear issue. To be more specific, structural constraints of the national security landscape of the Korean Peninsula and the North Korean nuclear issue restricted the scope of choices available to the national security policy makers of DaeJung Kim and Moo-Hyeon Roh administrations, which overlapped with differences of opinion over key issues with the US and resulted in the formation of a crack in the Korea-US alliance relations rather than the further strengthening of the alliance.

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