[논문]Carbon leakage and limited efficiency of greenhouse gas taxes on food products

Zech, Konstantin M.; Schneider, Uwe A.

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.12.139

[해외논문] Carbon leakage and limited efficiency of greenhouse gas taxes on food products

Journal of cleaner production, v.213, 2019년, pp.99 - 103

Zech, Konstantin M. (DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum Gemeinnü) , Schneider, Uwe A. (tzige GmbH, Department Biorefineries)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Abstract Greenhouse gas emission (GHGE) taxes on food products have recently been proposed as means to help reduce agricultural emissions. Numerous authors have calculated potential GHGE reductions in case such a tax was implemented in certain countries or regions. They did however assume a reduced production of GHGE-intense foods equal to the decline in demand induced by the tax. This omits however possible increases of net-exports that might offset such a demand reduction. Herein, the market dynamic behind this so-called “emission leakage” is explained and its effect quantified for a greenhouse gas tax in the European Union. We use the European Forest and Agricultural Sector Optimization Model for the quantitative analysis and simulate a greenhouse gas tax on all food products, based on their individual emission levels. The partial equilibrium model covers all world regions and hence the tax's effects on international trade of agricultural commodities can be examined. It was found that 43% of the greenhouse gas reduction indicted by a domestic consumption reduction is lost through emission leakage. This already includes the mitigating effects of a production shift from inefficient to efficient producers that is another consequence of increased exports from the European Union. A greenhouse gas emission tax on food products is hence much less efficient than previously proposed, if it is not introduced globally or trade is not restricted. Highlights The effect of a GHG tax on food products in the EU is quantified. We explain and visualize the general market dynamics of carbon leakage. Unlike authors before us, we quantify carbon leakage effects. Previous studies vastly overestimate the effects of a the tax, for omitting leakage. 43% of the mitigation is lost to leakage, despite a shift to efficient producers. Graphical abstract [DISPLAY OMISSION]

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[해외논문] Carbon leakage and limited efficiency of greenhouse gas taxes on food products

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