선택한 단어 수는 입니다.
최소 단어 이상 선택하여야 합니다.
최소 단어 이상 선택하여야 합니다.
선택한 단어 수는 30입니다.
최대 10 단어까지만 선택 가능합니다.
최대 10 단어까지만 선택 가능합니다.
제안 방법
- It is also proposed that physical protective measures should be deployed. The purpose of these measures is to minimize the risk of a major disruption of the rail services due to damage to railway infrastructure arising from flyrock (in the open cut excavaticm), or spalled concrete or mere significant structural damage in the tunnel.
대상 데이터
- The Wblmoon Tunnel is approximately 210 meters in length and approximately 12 meters excavated span. The tunnel was designed to be concrete lined and to contain twin railway tracks on a ballasted trackbed.
- The existing tunnel is approximately 50 years old. It is horseshoe shaped with a span of approximately 4.5 metres and a height of approximately 6.5 metres. It has an unreinforced concrete lining whidi is 30 cm minimum thickness.
- Case Study I — Producing the Mass Transit Rail (MTR) tunnels at Lai King in Hong Kong consisted of excavating a number of opernings in close proximity to existing MTR tunnels in which trains were operating. After trial blasts and consultation with the MTR Coqioration, realistic ground vibration limits were imposed on the live tunnels.
- Case Study II — The Hemriksdals Sewage Treatment Plant (Sweden) was built underground. It consists of 24 major rock caverns, each with a width of 10m and a height of 13m, and with lengths of 80m to 130m. In all caverns, the roof is supported by a thin (less than 20mm) layer of shotcrete plus rock dowels.
- All caverns are supported by 10m wide pillars of rock. The plant consists of concrete structures, pumps, power supply, computers and relay equipment, all of which needed to be in operation during the blasting operations.
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