[논문]홍삼의 약리와 독성 기전에 대한 고찰

박영철; 임정대; 김종봉; 이선동

홍삼의 약리와 독성 기전에 대한 고찰
Review of Red Ginseng in terms of Mechanisms for Pharmacodynamics and Toxicity 원문보기

大韓韓醫學會誌 = Journal of Korean Oriental Medicine, v.33 no.3, 2012년, pp.200 - 230

박영철 (대구가톨릭대학교 GLP 센터) , 임정대 (강원대학교 생약자원개발학과) , 김종봉 (대구가톨릭대학교 의생명과학과) , 이선동 (상지대학교 한의과대학 예방의학교실)

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Objectives: Ginseng, Panax ginseng C. A., white ginseng, has been used for thousands of years in Traditional Korean Medicine. Red ginseng can be made by a steaming process of white ginseng changing a variety of ginsenosides and ingredients such as dencichine. This article reviews red ginseng for mechanisms for pharmacodynamics and toxicity based on the content of ginseng's active ingredients, ginsenoside changed by steaming. Methods: The following electronic databases were searched: PubMed, Science Direct and Chinese Scientific Journals full text database (CQVIP), and KSI (Korean Studies Information) from their respective inceptions to June 2012. Results: Compared with unsteamed ginseng, the content of ginsenosides Rg2, Rg3, Rg5, Rh1, Rh2 and Rk1 called red ginseng-specific ginsenosides increased after the steaming process. Different ginsenosides have shown a wide variety of effects such as lowering or raising blood sugar and blood pressure or stimulating or sedating the nervous system. Especially, the levels of Rg2, Rg3, Rg5, Rh1, Rh2 and Rk1 were increased by the steaming process, showing a variety of pharmacodynamics in biological systems. Also, various processing methods such as puffing and fermentation have been developed in processing crude ginseng or red ginseng, affecting the content of ginseng's ingredients. The safety issue could be the most critical, specifically, on changed ginseng's ingredients such as dencichine. The level of dencichine was significantly reduced in red ginseng by the steaming process. In addition, the possible toxicity for red ginseng was affected by cytochrome P450, a herbal-drug interaction. Conclusions: The variety of pharmacological and toxicological properties should be changed by steaming process of Panax ginseng C. A., white ginseng. Even if it is not sure whether the steaming process of white ginseng would be better pharmacologically, it is sure that steaming reduces the level of dencichine causing a lower toxicity to the nervous system.

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핵심어	질문	논문에서 추출한 답변
	인삼은 어떻게 분류하는가?	Meyer이다. 인삼은 크게 수삼, 백삼과 홍삼으로 분류된다. 수삼은 밭에서 수확한 생인삼으로 70-80%의 수분을 함유한 것이다.
	양약의 acetaminophen 역시 간독성 문제가 대두되어 오늘날 용량조절의 문제가 제시되고 있는 이유는 무엇인가?	또한 양약의 acetaminophen 역시 간독성 문제가 대두되어 오늘날 용량조절의 문제가 제시되고 있다. 이것도 간독성의 핵심 기전인 활성중간대사체의 생성 때문이다. 일반적으로 한약 및 양약의 독성이 생체전환을 통한 활성중간대사체 생성에 기인하는데 모든 독성물질의 80%이상이 이에 의한 독성기전으로 설명된다.
	세계적으로 널리 알려져 있는 7가지의 인삼속 식물 중 약용으로 이용되는 것은 무엇인가?	세계적으로 널리 알려져 있는 7가지의 인삼속 식물 중 약용으로 이용되는 것은 Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer(고려인삼), Panax japonicum C. A. Meyer(죽절삼), Panax notoginseng (Burk) F.H Chen(전칠삼), Panax quinquefolium L.(화기삼)의 4종이다. 일반적으로 한약으로 이용되는 인삼은 Panax ginseng C.

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홍삼의 약리와 독성 기전에 대한 고찰
Review of Red Ginseng in terms of Mechanisms for Pharmacodynamics and Toxicity 원문보기

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홍삼의 약리와 독성 기전에 대한 고찰 Review of Red Ginseng in terms of Mechanisms for Pharmacodynamics and Toxicity 원문보기

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홍삼의 약리와 독성 기전에 대한 고찰
Review of Red Ginseng in terms of Mechanisms for Pharmacodynamics and Toxicity 원문보기