A sulfur plasma lamp has a lamp envelope of transparent or translucent glass or ceramic material. At least two silicon carbide electrodes are hermetically sealed with the lamp envelope and in contact with an interior of the lamp envelope. A quantity of sulfur within the interior of the lamp envelope
A sulfur plasma lamp has a lamp envelope of transparent or translucent glass or ceramic material. At least two silicon carbide electrodes are hermetically sealed with the lamp envelope and in contact with an interior of the lamp envelope. A quantity of sulfur within the interior of the lamp envelope is sufficient to create a sulfur plasma upon excitation. A buffer gas within the interior of the lamp envelope enables initial discharge and heating of the interior of the lamp envelope to excite the sulfur into a plasma state. More than two electrodes may be provided, and an electrical potential is created between different pairs of the electrodes at different times, thereby inducing stirring of the plasma upon excitation of the material into a plasma state.
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1. A sulfur plasma lamp, comprising: a lamp envelope of transparent or translucent glass or ceramic material;at least two non-oxide ceramic electrodes hermetically sealed with the lamp envelope and in contact with an interior of the lamp envelope;a quantity of sulfur within the interior of the lamp
1. A sulfur plasma lamp, comprising: a lamp envelope of transparent or translucent glass or ceramic material;at least two non-oxide ceramic electrodes hermetically sealed with the lamp envelope and in contact with an interior of the lamp envelope;a quantity of sulfur within the interior of the lamp envelope sufficient to create a sulfur plasma upon excitation; anda buffer gas within the interior of the lamp envelope for enabling initial discharge and heating of the interior of the lamp envelope to excite the sulfur into a plasma state. 2. A sulfur plasma lamp in accordance with claim 1 wherein the non-oxide ceramic electrodes are silicon carbide electrodes. 3. A sulfur plasma lamp in accordance with claim 2, wherein the silicon carbide electrodes are doped. 4. A sulfur plasma lamp in accordance with claim 1, wherein the buffer gas comprises at least one of carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen, or nitrous oxide. 5. A sulfur plasma lamp in accordance with claim 1, wherein the buffer gas comprises at least one of argon, krypton, xenon, or neon. 6. A sulfur plasma lamp in accordance with claim 1, wherein the interior of the lamp further comprises at least one of selenium, a bromide, an iodide, a chloride, or a salt, having an effect of promoting recycling of electrode material back onto the electrodes. 7. A sulfur plasma lamp in accordance with claim 1, wherein the lamp envelope extends outwardly from the interior of the lamp envelope at least over a portion of the silicon carbide electrodes. 8. A sulfur plasma lamp in accordance with claim 1, wherein the silicon carbide electrodes are hermetically sealed with the lamp envelope by a direct sealing of the lamp envelope with the silicon carbide electrodes. 9. A sulfur plasma lamp in accordance with claim 1, wherein the silicon carbide electrodes are hermetically sealed with the lamp envelope by a vacuum-tight epoxy, solder glass, or metallic solder at distances spaced from the interior of the lamp envelope sufficient to avoid damage to the vacuum-tight epoxy, solder glass, or metallic solder from heat from the interior of the lamp envelope. 10. A sulfur plasma lamp in accordance with claim 1, further comprising electrical lead feedthroughs in contact with and extending outwardly from the silicon carbide electrodes, the electrical lead feedthroughs being hermetically sealed with the lamp envelope. 11. A sulfur plasma lamp in accordance with claim 1, further comprising a grading glass or intermediate glass provided between the silicon carbide electrodes and the lamp envelope, the grading glass or intermediate glass providing a seal between the silicon carbide electrodes and the lamp envelope. 12. A sulfur plasma lamp in accordance with claim 1, wherein the silicon carbide electrodes have an undercut that engages with material of the lamp envelope to create hermetic integrity from the silicon carbide electrode and the material of the lamp envelope pressing against each other upon heating. 13. A sulfur plasma lamp in accordance with claim 1, wherein the silicon carbide electrodes near each other at an angle substantially less than 180 degrees. 14. A sulfur plasma lamp in accordance with claim 1, comprising more than two silicon carbide electrodes. 15. A method of manufacturing a sulfur plasma lamp, comprising: providing at least two non-oxide ceramic electrodes;forming a lamp envelope of transparent or translucent glass or ceramic material;hermetically sealing the silicon carbide electrodes with the lamp envelope and in contact with an interior of the lamp envelope;providing a quantity of sulfur within the interior of the lamp envelope sufficient to create a sulfur plasma upon excitation; andproviding a buffer gas within the interior of the lamp envelope for enabling initial discharge and heating of the interior of the lamp envelope to excite the sulfur into a plasma state. 16. A method in accordance with claim 15 wherein the non-oxide ceramic electrodes are silicon carbide electrodes. 17. A method in accordance with claim 15 wherein the step of hermetically sealing the silicon carbide electrodes with the lamp envelope comprises directly sealing the lamp envelope with the silicon carbide electrodes. 18. A method in accordance with claim 15 wherein the step of hermetically sealing the silicon carbide electrodes with the lamp envelope comprises hermetically sealing the silicon carbide electrodes with the lamp envelope by a vacuum-tight epoxy, solder glass, or metallic solder at distances spaced from the interior of the lamp envelope sufficient to avoid damage to the vacuum-tight epoxy, solder glass, or metallic solder from heat from the interior of the lamp envelope. 19. A method in accordance with claim 15 further comprising providing electrical lead feedthroughs in contact with and extending outwardly from the silicon carbide electrodes, and hermetically sealing the electrical lead feedthroughs with the lamp envelope. 20. A sulfur plasma lamp, comprising: a lamp envelope of transparent or translucent glass or ceramic material;at least three electrodes hermetically sealed with the lamp envelope and in contact with an interior of the lamp envelope;a quantity of material within the interior of the lamp envelope sufficient to create a plasma upon excitation; anda buffer gas within the interior of the lamp envelope for enabling initial discharge and heating of the interior of the lamp envelope to excite the material into a plasma state.
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