초록 ▼

이 연구의 최종목표는 광역 수계규모(금강수계)를 대상으로 지하수 순환 해석 기술 개발과 지하수 오염 취약성 평가, 저감, 정화 기술 개발을 통해 청정 대용량 지하수자원 개발 가능 유망지를 제시하는 것이다. 이를 위해 1차년도의 연구에서는 지하수 순환 해석 핵심기술의 적용성/확장성 검증과 지하수 오염취약성 분포도 작성을 위한 부지특성화, DB 구축 및 오염물질 저감/정화/모델링 기반기술을 개발하였다.
지하수 순환 해석 기술개발 연구에서는 지하수자원 활용의 지속성(Sustainability)과 지하수의 산출특성(Productivi

이 연구의 최종목표는 광역 수계규모(금강수계)를 대상으로 지하수 순환 해석 기술 개발과 지하수 오염 취약성 평가, 저감, 정화 기술 개발을 통해 청정 대용량 지하수자원 개발 가능 유망지를 제시하는 것이다. 이를 위해 1차년도의 연구에서는 지하수 순환 해석 핵심기술의 적용성/확장성 검증과 지하수 오염취약성 분포도 작성을 위한 부지특성화, DB 구축 및 오염물질 저감/정화/모델링 기반기술을 개발하였다.
지하수 순환 해석 기술개발 연구에서는 지하수자원 활용의 지속성(Sustainability)과 지하수의 산출특성(Productivity)의 두 가지 관점을 가지고, 시범연구지역을 금강수계에 포함되는 서천유역(약 $100km^{2}$)으로 선정하여 연구를 수행하였다. 1차년도 연구내용은 수계규모 원격탐사 기법 활용성 검토, 다중 환경추적자를 이용한 시범연구지역 지하수 순환 해석 기술개발, 지역규모 지하수 시스템 특성화를 위한 시범연구지역 인프라 구축, 연안충적층 대수층의 수리지질학적 특성 평가기술 개발을 통한 연안지하수 관리, 원격탐사와 중규모기상모형을 이용한 중소수계의 증발산과 지하수량 추정모형을 개발하였다.
지하수 오염취약성 평가/저감/정화 기술개발 연구에서는 청정 지하수자원 확보를 위한 지하수 오염 취약성도 및 수질분포도 작성을 위해 금산지역(약 $600km^{2}$)의 자연/인위적 오염물질의 분포 특성 및 발생 기작을 해석하였으며 지하수 보전/관리를 위한 수질오염분포도 및 수계규모 오염취약성도를 작성하였다. 1차년도 연구내용은 연구지역 선정, 연구지역 수질 조사 및 GIS DB 구축, 오염취약성도/수질오염분포도 작성 및 수질 오염의 원인 해석 단계로 연구를 수행하였다. 또한 토양/지하수계 비소와 중금속 오염 메커니즘을 규명하고 복합오염물질에 대한 지구미생물학적 정화기술과 원 위치 산화-환원 조작기법을 이용한 유기오염물의 정화기술 개발에 대한 연구를 수행하였다.

Abstract ▼

The researches in the first year, with the topic of the quantitative evaluation of groundwater resources, can be divided into three stages: (1) the investigation of the previous studies and the selection of the pilot-scale watershed, (2) in-situ investigation in the pilot-scale watershed with seven

The researches in the first year, with the topic of the quantitative evaluation of groundwater resources, can be divided into three stages: (1) the investigation of the previous studies and the selection of the pilot-scale watershed, (2) in-situ investigation in the pilot-scale watershed with seven sub-topics, and (3) collection of back data and the methodological review on the up-scaling scheme. All researches in this project were performed with two basic philosophies: productivity and sustainability.
The productivity of groundwater resources is mainly related to the media and the physical conditions around the groundwater systems, although the productivity is not invariant of the total quantity of groundwater resources. Therefore, this study is composed of the following sub-topics; the methodological investigation of the media characterization, and the upgrade of infra-structures and the field survey of the physical condition at the pilot-scale watershed. In order to secure the practical foundations for the up-scaling method(from the pilot-scale watershed to large scale watershed; Geum river watershed), the lineament analysis in the large-scale watershed and the integration of the hydrological data, related with the groundwater productivity, into the GIS DB were carried out.
However, the productivity data can not provide the full plan on the sustainable exploration of the groundwater resources. If it would not be secured to balance the input and output quantities in the groundwater system, the groundwater resources would be all depleted someday. `Sustainability` is the concept related to the depletion of the groundwater resources. Therefore, the investigations of the water budget fluctuations and the circulation rate of groundwaters are the another part of this study. We also considered the up-scaling problem with the sustainability aspect.
In the first year of the research for the productivity and sustainablility points of view, we focused on the collection of basic data and the evaluation of the key methods. All the results obtained from the first year research can not completely provide the main goal of this project. This task will proceed in the second year research works.
For the assessment of groundwater vulnerability, the first year study comprises (1) site selection, (2) water quality monitoring and establishment of GIS DB, (3) vulnerability mapping/groundwater quality mapping and analyzing to cause of groundwater contamination. The objectives of the study are to examine the existing vulnerability techniques and to apply those and then finally to set up the system for finding problems and supplementing the problems when vulnerability mapping is performed in Guem river watershed. To perform the research about vulnerability and quality characteristics, in the first year, the Guemsan area in Guem river watershed was selected as a pilot test site. The Guemsan area consists of rocks representing various geology in agricultural area, which many groundwater resources are utilized. For the investigation of groundwater quality characteristics, inventory of about 150 wells(one well per 4 $km^2$) and water quality survey were performed. It showed that geographical distribution of groundwater quality reflects land use, geography, and hydrostratigraphic units very well. Accordingly, we consider that the fact indicated above should be reflected in vulnerability assessment. Groundwater contamination comes from naturally occurring fluoride and arsenic. Fluoride comes from mineralization zone and rock-water interaction in igneous rocks. Arsenic is closely related to mineralization zone and Ogcheon belt. Nitrate represents man-made contamination shown in high concentration at agricultural and residential areas. For the vulnerability of groundwater contaminations two methods were used, including Index method(a part of subjective rating method) and Hybrid method using statistical analysis. The index method consists largely of DRASTIC method and M-DRASTIC method. The hybrid method used is LSDG method of Rupert(1998).
According to comparison of the results, the DRASTIC is statistically significant method by collecting hydrogeological information, but it is unscientific to determine the rating and weighting. furthermore, the DRASTIC has less capability of estimating groundwater contamination because of adopting the parameters unrelated to groundwater contamination. The LSDG gives rating using nitrate concentration and uses relatively simple statistical method. However, the LSDG has little application yet and is too much simplified by very small number of parameters. According to works of Panagopoulos et at.(2006), the modified DRASTIC method has higher estimation of contamination keeping advantages of DRASTIC than the original DRASTIC. Since observed nitrate concentration should be included, however, water quality data as well as hydrogeological information are needed. Also, it shows limitation of predicting groundwater contamination because land use was not included in it. Therefore, there are many problems to use DRASTIC method for assessing aquifer vulnerability in groundwater contamination survey and thus new modified vulnerability approach for the our hydrogeological environments is required.
In the second year, thus, new vulnerability assessment will be preformed using logistic regression or modelling where the new vulnerability assessment method appropriate in Korea will be developed by reasonably correcting weighting of index method.
In order to characterize the contaminated areas with heavy metals, groundwater level and quality were studied at Munpuyeong area in Daejeon, contaminated with Cr(VI). It is observed that the Cr(VI) contaminant is closely related to fluctuation of groundwater level and indigenous microbes reducing Cr are found through microbiology genetic analysis(PCR-DGGE). According to laboratory experimental results for Cr reduction by using the indigenous microbes, it can be used as an effective remediation technology. To understand characteristics of decomposition and natural attenuation of organic contaminants, VOC and reaction experiments were performed with soils from nine different geology in Geum-river watershed. Also, for the first time in Korea, the compound-specific carbon isotope analysis for organic compound is established, and the controlled release, $KMnO_4$, modelling assessment was performed to remediate the organic contamination plume of groundwater.

목차 Contents

• 제 1 장 연구개발과제의 개요...18
• 제 1 절 연구 배경 및 필요성...20
• 제 2 절 연구 목적...21
• 제 3 절 연구 범위...23
• 제 2 장 국내외 기술개발 현황...26
• 제 1 절 국내 기술개발 현황...28
• 제 2 절 국외 기술개발 현황...29
• 제 3 장 연구개발수행 내용 및 결과...32
• 제 1 절 금강수계 내 지하수 산출 특성 및 유역별 물수지 분석(I)...34
• 1. 서론...34
• 2. 시험현장 개요...36
• 3. 수리지질학적 지하수 산출 특성에 대한 분석...57
• 4. 시험 수계 내 지하수 순환 특성...94
• 5. Up-scaling의 이론적 근거의 확보...157
• 6. 1차년도 요약 및 2차년도 연구계획...179
• 제 2 절 오염취약성 평가 및 오염저감 기술 개발...181
• 1. 오염취약성 평가 기법 및 오염분포도 작성...181
• 2. 오염 저감/복원 기술 개발...222
• 제 4 장 목표달성도 및 관련분야에의 기여도...286
• 제 1 절 목표 달성도...288
• 1. 정성적 목표 달성도...288
• 2. 정량적 목표 달성도...290
• 제 2 절 관련 분야 기여도...294
• 제 5 장 연구개발결과의 활용계획...296
• 제 6 장 연구개발과정에서 수집한 해외과학기술정보...300
• 제 1 절 대용량 지하수 자원의 확보...302
• 제 2 절 지하수 오염취약성 평가 및 오염저감 기술 개발...307
• 제 7 장 참고문헌...310