초록 ▼

식품의약품안전청 식품원재료 데이터베이스에 수록된 목록 중 동물성 원료는 그 구성성분의 차이가 크지 않고 독성이나 약리작용을 나타내는 물질이 많지 않으므로 식물성 원료만을 대상으로 재평가 원재료를 선정하였다. 식용 가능성 평가의 가장 초기 단계인 식품으로의 섭취 역사를 조사하는데 편의를 도모하고자 위해 일정 지역에 분포하는 식물별로 분류하여 그 중 유럽 지역에서 기원하는 식물을 우선 평가대상으로 선정하였다. 선정된 300 여 종의 원재료에 대해, 식품원료에 관한 데이터베이스와 학술논문 데이터베이스를 우선으로 검토하고, 국가기관이나 공

식품의약품안전청 식품원재료 데이터베이스에 수록된 목록 중 동물성 원료는 그 구성성분의 차이가 크지 않고 독성이나 약리작용을 나타내는 물질이 많지 않으므로 식물성 원료만을 대상으로 재평가 원재료를 선정하였다. 식용 가능성 평가의 가장 초기 단계인 식품으로의 섭취 역사를 조사하는데 편의를 도모하고자 위해 일정 지역에 분포하는 식물별로 분류하여 그 중 유럽 지역에서 기원하는 식물을 우선 평가대상으로 선정하였다. 선정된 300 여 종의 원재료에 대해, 식품원료에 관한 데이터베이스와 학술논문 데이터베이스를 우선으로 검토하고, 국가기관이나 공신력 있는 기관이 발행한 책자 및 기관 데이터베이스에서 정보를 수집하였다. 각 원재료별로 특정성분과 독성성분, 독성시험 자료(in vitro, 동물시험), 증례 보고 등의 인체관련 자료, 동물 중독 자료 등을 종합 정리하였다. 정리된 자료와 국내외 식용역사, GRAS 목록 등을 토대로 식용가능, 식품에 제한적 사용가능 (첨가물 또는 부원료) 여부를 판단하고 불가능 원재료에 대한 근거를 제시하였다.

Abstract ▼

Food materials listed in KFDA database was evaluated for re-grouping. There were over 10,000 materials listed in the database, and about 300 botanicals were selected for the evaluation. A priority was given to the botanicals, since animal products consists of similar biochemical molecules most of th

Food materials listed in KFDA database was evaluated for re-grouping. There were over 10,000 materials listed in the database, and about 300 botanicals were selected for the evaluation. A priority was given to the botanicals, since animal products consists of similar biochemical molecules most of the cases. Botanicals native to the European continent, expecially southern Europe, were selected. Scientific as well as herbal database were searched for the toxicological informations. Consumption data was gathered from the various books published locally in Italy as well as worldwide. Toxicological data (or lack of it), chemical information, herbal data including side effect report, consumption data were considered in order to make the final decision. The evaluated botanicals classified into three groups, i.e., use without constriction, limited use, or unacceptable for human consumption. The materials in the unacceptable category can be re-evaluated and regrouped as new data accumulates.

목차 Contents

• 표지 ... 1
• 용연구개발사업 연구결과보고서 ... 5
• 제출문 ... 6
• 목차 ... 7
• 연구결과보고서 요약문 ... 16
• 국문요약문 ... 16
• 영문요약문 ... 17
• 총괄연구개발과제 연구결과 ... 18
• 제1장 총괄연구개발과제의 최종 연구개발 목표 ... 18
• 1.1 총괄연구개발과제의 목표 ... 18
• 1.2 총괄연구개발과제의 목표달성도 ... 18
• 1.3 국내·외 기술개발 현황 ... 18
• 제2장 총괄연구개발과제의 최종 연구개발 내용 및 방법 ... 18
• 2.1 연구내용 ... 18
• 2.2 연구방법 ... 19
• 제3장 총괄연구개발과제의 최종 연구개발 결과 ... 21
• 3.1 식용판단 기준 ... 21
• 1. Abies alba : Silver Fir ... 21
• 2. Abies balsamea (L.) Mill : 카나다발삼(Balsam fir) ... 22
• 3. Abies cephalonica : Grecian fir ... 24
• 4. Abies fraseri : She balsam ... 24
• 5. Abies sibirica : Siberian fir ... 25
• 6. Aconitum heterophyllum ... 27
• 7. Aconitum napellus : Monk’s hood ... 29
• 8. Aesculus hippocastanum : 서양칠엽수 (marronnier) ... 33
• 9. Agropyrum repens : Couch-grass ... 36
• 10. Ajuga reptans : 아유가 레펜스 (Carpet bugleweed, Common bugleweed) ... 39
• 11. Alliaria petiolata : Garlic mustard ... 41
• 12. Allium ampeloprasum babbingtoni : Babbington’s leek ... 43
• 13. Allium cepa proliferum ... 45
• 14. Allium flavum : Small yellow onion ... 47
• 15. Allium hookeri ... 48
• 16. Allium macrostemon Bge. : 해백 ... 48
• 17. Allium rubellum ... 49
• 18. Allium sativum ophioscorodon ... Serpent garlic
• 19. Allium schoenoprasum sibiricum : Great chives ... 52
• 20. Allium scorodoprasum ... 55
• 21. Allium sphaerocephalon : Round-headed leek ... 56
• 22. Allium triquetrum : Three-cornered ... 56
• 23. Allium ursinum : Bear’s garlic ... 57
• 24. Allium vineale : Field garlic ... 59
• 25. Amaranthus albus : Prostate pigweedt ... 62
• 26. Amaranthus blitum : Slender amaranth ... 62
• 27. Amaranthus lividus : 개비름 ... 63
• 28. Amaranthus retroflexus : 털비름 (Smooth pigweed) ... 64
• 29. Amaranthus spinosus : 가시비름 ... 67
• 30. Amaranthus viridis : Calalu ... 68
• 31. Anchusa officinalis : Alkanet ... 70
• 32. Angelica archangelica : 안젤리카 (Angelica) ... 72
• 33. Angelica sylvestris : Wild Angelica ... 76
• 34. Apios americana : Ground nut ... 78
• 35. Artemisia abrotanum : Southernwood ... 80
• 36. Artemisia absinthium : Wormwood ... 82
• 37. Artemisia annua : 개똥쑥 ... 85
• 38. Artemisia biennis : Biennial wormwood ... 87
• 39. Artemisia cina Berg. : 시멘시나 (Semen cina) ... 88
• 40. Artemisia dracunculus : 타라곤 (Tarragon) ... 89
• 41. Artemisia glacialis : Glacier wormwood ... 92
• 42. Artemisia laciniata : 구와쑥 (Lacinate Sagewort) ... 92
• 43. Artemisia maritime : 산토닌쑥 ... 93
• 44. Artemisia scoparia : 비쑥 ... 94
• 45. Artemisia vulgaris, 쑥 : 머그워트 (Mugwort) ... 96
• 46. Asparagus acutifolius ... 98
• 47. Asparagus cochinchinensis var. pygmaeus: 난쟁이 천문동 ... 100
• 48. Asphodeline lutea : King’s speary ... 101
• 49. Ballota nigra ... black horehound
• 50. Barbarea vulgaris ... 104
• 51. Bellis perennis : 데이지 (True daisy, English daisy) ... 106
• 52. Betula alba : Birch ... 109
• 53. Betula pendula : Silver birch ... 111
• 54. Brassica alba : White mustard ... 113
• 55. Brassica nigra : Black mustard ... 117
• 56. Brassica oleracea ... 119
• 57. Brassica rapa ... 122
• 58. Brassica tournefortii : Wild turnip-rape ... 123
• 59. Bunias erucago : Corn rocket ... 124
• 60. Bunias orientalis : Turkish rocket ... 125
• 61. Calamintha nepeta : Lesser calamint ... 126
• 62. Calamintha sylvatica : Calamint ... 128
• 63. Calystegia sepium : 큰메꽃 (Common bindweed) ... 129
• 64. Campanula rapunculoides : Creeping bellflower ... 130
• 65. Campanula rapunculus : Rampion ... 131
• 66. Capsicum annuum : Chilly ... 132
• 67. Capsicum minimum : Cayenne ... 135
• 68. Cardamine amara ... 137
• 69. Cardamine hirsuta : Hairy bittercress ... 138
• 70. Cardamine pratensis : 꽃냉이 (Cuckoo-flower) ... 139
• 71. Carex arenaria : Sand sedge ... 140
• 72. Carlina acaulis : Stemless carline thistle ... 141
• 73. Carlina vulgaris : Carline thistle ... 142
• 74. Cassia fistula : Amaltash ... 144
• 75. Cassia occidentalis : 석결명 (Coffee senna) ... 146
• 76. Cassia senna ... 148
• 77. Cassia tora ... 152
• 78. Castanea dentata : American sweet chestnut ... 155
• 79. Castanea sativa : Sweet chestnut ... 156
• 80. Centaurea calcitrapa : Common star thistle ... 159
• 81. Centaurea cyanus L : 센토레아 (Corn flower) ... 160
• 82. Centaurea depressa ... 162
• 83. Centaurea montana ... 163
• 84. Centaurea scabiosa : Knapweed ... 163
• 85. Centaurea solstitialis ... 164
• 86. Cerastium semidecandrum : Little mouse-ear chickweed ... 166
• 87. Ceratonia siliqua : 캐럽콩 (John’s bread) ... 167
• 88. Cercis siliquastrum ... 169
• 89. Cetraria islandica Ach : 아이슬란드 이끼 (Iceland moss) ... 170
• 90. Chenopodium album ... 173
• 91. Chenopodium ambrosioides : 냄새명아주 ... 177
• 92. Chenopodium bonus-henricus : Good King Henry ... 180
• 93. Chimaphila umbellate Nutt : 큰매화노루발 (Pipsessewa) ... 183
• 94. Chondrilla juncea : Naked weed ... 185
• 95. Chrysanthemum balsamita ... 187
• 96. Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium : 제충국 (Insect flower) ... 188
• 97. Chrysanthemum leucanthemum ... 189
• 98. Chrysanthemum segetum : Corn marigold ... 191
• 99. Cnicus benedictus : 베네딕도초 (Holy Thistle) ... 192
• 100. Crataegus azarolus : Azarole ... 195
• 101. Crataegus cuneata : Sanzashi ... 196
• 102. Crataegus nigra : Hungarian hawthorn ... 198
• 103. Crataegus pentagyna ... 198
• 104. Crataegus pinnatifida ... 199
• 105. Crithmum maritimum : Samphire ... 201
• 106. Cucurbita maxima : Pumpkin ... 204
• 107. Cynara cardunculus : 카르둔 (Cardoon) ... 206
• 108. Digitalis ferruginea : Rusty foxglove ... 209
• 109. Digitalis lanata : Grecian foxglove ... 209
• 110. Digitalis lutea : Yellow foxglove ... 212
• 111. Diplotaxis erucoides : White wall rocket ... 212
• 112. Diplotaxis muralis : Wall rocket ... 213
• 113. Drosera anglica Hudson : 긴잎끈끈이주걱 (Sundew) ... 214
• 114. Drosera peltata var. nipponica (끈끈이귀이개) ... 215
• 115. Drosera rotundifolia : 끈끈이주걱 (Round-leaf sundew) ... 217
• 116. Echium vulgare : Viper’s bugloss ... 218
• 117. Eryngium aquaticum / Eryngium yuccifolium: Button snakeroot ... 219
• 118. Eryngium campestre : Field eryngo ... 220
• 119. Ephedra distachya : Sea grape ... 222
• 120. Ephedra gerardiana ... 224
• 121. Ephedra intermedia : Zhong ma huang ... 226
• 122. Ephedra nevadensis / Ephedra viridis : Mormon tea ... 226
• 123. Epilobium angustifolium : 분홍바늘꽃 (Fireweed) ... 228
• 124. Epilobium hirsutum : 큰바늘꽃 ... 230
• 125. Epilobium latifolium ... 231
• 126. Epilobium palustre : 버들바늘꽃 ... 231
• 127. Epilobium parviflorum : Codlins and cream ... 232
• 128. Eruca hispanica ... 233
• 129. Eruca sativa : 로켓트 (Rocket Salad) ... 234
• 130. Eruca vesicaria sativa : Rocket ... 236
• 131. Eryngium maritimum ... 237
• 132. Eryngium planum ... 238
• 133. Fagopyrum dibotrys : Perennial buckwheat ... 239
• 134. Fagopyrum emarginatum ... 240
• 135. Fagopyrum tataricum : Tartarian buckwheat ... 240
• 136. Foeniculum vulgare ... 242
• 137. Fragaria daltoniana ... 246
• 138. Fragaria moschata : Hautbois strawberry ... 247
• 139. Fragaria nilgerrensis ... 247
• 140. Fragaria vesca : Wood strawberry ... 248
• 141. Fragaria virginiana ... 251
• 142. Fragaria viridis : Green strawberry ... 252
• 143. Fraxinus americana : White ash ... 252
• 144. Fraxinus excelsior : 구주물푸레 (Ash) ... 253
• 145. Fraxinus floribunda ... 255
• 146. Galium aparine : Goosegrass ... 256
• 147. Galium mollugo : Hedge bedstraw ... 258
• 148. Galium odoratum : Sweet woodruff ... 259
• 149. Galium verum ... 261
• 150. Gentiana acaulis ... 264
• 151. Gentiana lutea : Gentian ... 265
• 152. Gentiana macrophylla ... 267
• 153. Gentiana scabra : 겐티아나근 (Gentiana root) ... 269
• 154. Geum rivale : Water avens ... 270
• 155. Geum urbanum : 허브베니트 (Wood avens, Herb bennet) ... 272
• 156. Glycyrrhiza aspera ... 274
• 157. Glycyrrhiza echinata : Wild liquorice ... 275
• 158. Glycyrrhiza glabra : 스페인 감초 (Liquorice root) ... 276
• 159. Grindelia camporum : Gumplant ... 280
• 160. Grindelia humilis : Hairy gumweed ... 281
• 161. Grindelia robusta : Great valley gumweed ... 282
• 162. Grindelia squarrosa : Gumweed ... 283
• 163. Hagenia abyssinica : Kousso ... 284
• 164. Hamamelis virginiana : Witch hazel ... 287
• 165. Hedera helix : 서양송악 (English Ivy) ... 289
• 166. Helichrysum angustifolium : Immortelle ... 293
• 167. Helichrysum arenarium : Everlasting flower ... 295
• 168. Helichrysum italicum : Curry plant ... 296
• 169. Hypochoeris radicata : 서양금혼초 (Cat’s ear) ... 299
• 170. Inula britannica ... 300
• 171. Inula helenium L. : 엘레캠패인 (Elecampane) ... 302
• 172. Juglans cinerea L. : Butternut ... 304
• 173. Juglans nigra : 흑호두나무 (Black walnut) ... 306
• 174. Juglans regia : Walnut ... 308
• 175. Juniperus communis ... 311
• 176. Juniperus oxycedrus : Prickly juniper ... 315
• 177. Juniperus sabina : Savine ... 317
• 178. Juniperus virginiana : 연필향나무 (Red Cedar) ... 318
• 179. Lactuca indica ... 320
• 180. Lactuca sativa ... 321
• 181. Lactuca scariola : 가시상치 (Prickly lettuce) ... 322
• 182. Lactuca virosa Compositae : Wild lettuce ... 324
• 183. Lamium album : White dead nettle ... 326
• 184. Lamium purpureum L. : 자주광대나물 ... 328
• 185. Leontodon hispidus : Hawkbit, Rough ... 329
• 186. Leontodon taraxacum : Dandelion ... 330
• 187. Lepidium sativum : 큰다닥냉이 ... 331
• 188. Ligustrum vulgare : Common privet ... 334
• 189. Lilium candidum : Lily, Madonna ... 337
• 190. Lycoperdon perlatum : 봉오리먼지버섯 ... 339
• 191. Malva neglecta : Common Mallow ... 340
• 192. Malva rotundifolia : 둥근아욱 ... 342
• 193. Malva verticillata ... 343
• 194. Melilotus officinalis : yellow sweetclover ... 345
• 195. Mentha aquatica : Water mint ... 348
• 196. Mentha arvensis : Corn mint ... 350
• 197. Mentha longifolia : European horsemint ... 352
• 198. Mentha pulegium / Hedeoma pulegioides : 페니로얄 (American pennyroyal) ... 353
• 199. Mentha viridis : Spearmint ... 356
• 200. Monarda didyma / 베르가못 (Bergamot) ... 358
• 201. Myrrhis odorata : 스위트 시슬리 (Sweet Cicely) ... 360
• 202. Myrtus communis : 마텔잎 (Myrtle) ... 363
• 203. Origanum majorana L. : 꽃박하 (Sweet marjoram) ... 365
• 204. Oxalis acetosella Linne : 애기괭이밥 ... 368
• 205. Oxalis montana : Common woodsorrel ... 371
• 206. Papaver rhoeas : 개양귀비 (Corn poppy) ... 371
• 207. Parietaria diffusa Urticaceae : Pellitory-of-the-wall ... 377
• 208. Parietaria officinalis : Pellitory-of-the-wall ... 378
• 209. Pastinaca sativa : 파스닙 (Wild parsnip) ... 380
• 210. Physalis alkekengi Linne. Var. francheti Hort : 꽈리 ... 383
• 211. Pimpinella saxifrage : Saxifrage, Burnet ... 386
• 212. Alisma Plantago-aquatica : Common waster-plantain ... 387
• 213. Plantago coronopus : Plantain, Buck’s horn ... 389
• 214. Plantago lanceolata ... Plantain, Ribwort
• 215. Plantago major : Common plantain ... 393
• 216. Plantago media : Planitain, Hoary ... 396
• 217. Potentilla anserine : Silverweed ... 397
• 218. Potentilla chinensis ... 399
• 219. Potentilla erecta : Tormentil ... 400
• 220. Potentilla fragarioides L. var. major maxim : 양지꽃 (Cinquefoil) ... 402
• 221. Potentilla fruticosa ... 403
• 222. Primula obconica : Primula ... 404
• 223. Primula veris : Cowslip ... 406
• 224. Prunus africana : Pygeum ... 408
• 225. Prunus avium : Sweet cherry ... 410
• 226. Amygdalus communis (Prunus dulcis): 감복숭아 (Almond) ... 411
• 227. Prunus domestica ... 414
• 228. Prunus japonica : 당옥매 ... 415
• 229. Prunus laurocerasus ... 416
• 230. Prunus mume ... 419
• 231. Prunus padus ... 420
• 232. Prunus persica ... 421
• 233. Prunus serotina : Black cherry ... 424
• 234. Prunus spinosa ... 427
• 235. Prunus virginiana : 초크체리 (Choke cherry) ... 429
• 236. Pulmonaria officinalis : 렁워트 (Lungwort) ... 430
• 237. Ranunculus ficaria : Lesser celandine ... 433
• 238. Raphanus raphanistrum : Wild radish ... 435
• 239. Reichardia picroides : French scorzonera ... 437
• 240. Rheum nobile : Sikkim rhubarb ... 439
• 241. Rheum officinale : Chinese rhubarb ... 440
• 242. Rhus aromatica : Lemon sumach ... 442
• 243. Rhus coriaria : Elm-leaved sumach ... 443
• 244. Rhus glabra : Smooth sumac ... 445
• 245. Rhus radicans : 루스 라디칸스 (Poison ivy) ... 446
• 246. Ruta chalepensis : Egyptian rue ... 447
• 247. Ruta graveolens : 운향풀 (Common rue) ... 448
• 248. Salix alba ... 451
• 249. Salix purpurea ... 453
• 250. Salvia fruticosa : Greek ... 456
• 251. Salvia lanata ... 457
• 252. Salvia lavandulifolia : Spanish sage ... 458
• 253. Salvia moorcroftiana ... 461
• 254. Salvia plebeia ... 461
• 255. Salvia pratensis : Meadow clary ... 463
• 256. Salvia verbenaca : Wild clary ... 464
• 257. Sambucus ebulus : Dwarf elder ... 465
• 258. Sambucus pubens : Red-berried elder ... 467
• 259. Sanguinaria canadensis : Bloodroot ... 468
• 260. Sanguisorba canadensis : American great burnet ... 470
• 261. Sanguisorba minor : Salad burnet ... 470
• 262. Sanguisorba officinalis ... 472
• 263. Sanicula europaea : Wood sanicle ... 474
• 264. Santolina chamaecyparissus : 코튼 라벤더 (Cotton Lavender) ... 475
• 265. Saponaria officinalis Linne : 비누풀 (Soapwort) ... 477
• 266. Satureja montana : Winter savory ... 480
• 267. Sedum acre : Common stonecrop ... 483
• 268. Sedum album ... 485
• 269. Sedum rosea : Rose root ... 485
• 270. Silene alba (Mill) E.H.L. Krause : 달맞이장구채 ... 487
• 271. Silene dioica : Red campion ... 487
• 272. Silene vulgaris : Bladder campion ... 488
• 273. Sinapis arvensis : Charlock ... 490
• 274. Solanum aviculare : Kangaroo apple ... 491
• 275. Solanum dulcamara : 노방덩굴 (Nightshade) ... 493
• 276. Solanum indicum : Indian Nightshade ... 495
• 277. Solanum kurzii ... 496
• 278. Solanum nigrum/S. rubrum/S. incertum : 까마중 (Nightshade) ... 497
• 279. Sonchus arvensis ... 500
• 280. Sonchus asper ... 501
• 281. Sorbus domestica : Service tree ... 503
• 282. Tanacetum cinerariifolium : Dalmation pellitory ... 505
• 283. Tanacetum vulgare : Tansy ... 506
• 284. Tilia europaea / T. vulgaris ...
• 285. Tilia platyphyllos Scop : Large leaved lime ... 511
• 286. Tordylium apulum : Roman pimpernel ... 513
• 287. Tragopogon porrifolius : 마늘잎쇠채 (Salsify) ... 514
• 288. Tragopogon pratensis : Yellow Goat’s Beard ... 515
• 289. Ulmus campestris : Elm. Common ... 517
• 290. Ulmus glabra : Wych elm ... 517
• 291. Ulmus procera : English elm ... 518
• 292. Urtica hyperborea ... 519
• 293. Urtica parviflora ... 519
• 294. Urtica urens : 서양쐐기풀 (Annual nettle) ... 520
• 295. Usnea barbata : Usnea ... 523
• 296. Valerianella carinata : Keeled-fruited cornsalad ... 525
• 297. Verbascum densiflorum : Mullein ... 526
• 298. Verbascum thapsus : Common Mullein ... 528
• 299. Veronica anagallis-aquatica : Water speedwell (큰물칭개나물) ... 530
• 300. Veronica beccabunga : Brooklime ... 531
• 301. Veronica chamaedrys : Germander speedwell ... 532
• 302. Veronica officinalis : Common speedwell ... 533
• 303. Veronicastrum virginicum / Leptandra virginica ... 535
• 304. Ziziphus jujube : Jujube ... 536
• 3.2 보고서에 인용된 Safety Level ... 540
• 제4장 총괄연구개발과제의 연구결과 고찰 및 결과 ... 543
• 2005년 원재료 식용 가능 여부 검토 결과표 ... 543
• 제5장 총괄연구개발과제의 연구성과 ... 552
• 5.1 활용성과 ... 552
• 5.2 활용계획 ... 553
• 제6장 기타 중요변경사항 ... 553
• 제7장 참고문헌 ... 553
• 제8장 첨부서류 ... 558