초록 ▼

연구개발결과
<제1세부과제: 당근 고품질 내병, 만추대성 품종육성>
○ 근형이 원추형이며, 근피가 매끈하며, 근피 및 심색이 노랑이고 육질이연하면 수분함량이 많은 “금수레” 육성
○ 근형이 원추형, 색택이 진하고, 다수성, 숙기조생, 근피 및 심색 주황으로 품질이 우수한 “그라운드킹” 육성
○ 근피색 보라, 근육색 주황, 근형 원추형, 다수성, 숙기 중생, 안토시아닌 성분함유한 품질이 우수한 “사보라” 육성
○ 근피색이 노랑, 근육생 노랑, 근형 원추형, 웅성불임성 계통, F1모계로 이용가능한 “고시라 1

연구개발결과
<제1세부과제: 당근 고품질 내병, 만추대성 품종육성>
○ 근형이 원추형이며, 근피가 매끈하며, 근피 및 심색이 노랑이고 육질이연하면 수분함량이 많은 “금수레” 육성
○ 근형이 원추형, 색택이 진하고, 다수성, 숙기조생, 근피 및 심색 주황으로 품질이 우수한 “그라운드킹” 육성
○ 근피색 보라, 근육색 주황, 근형 원추형, 다수성, 숙기 중생, 안토시아닌 성분함유한 품질이 우수한 “사보라” 육성
○ 근피색이 노랑, 근육생 노랑, 근형 원추형, 웅성불임성 계통, F1모계로 이용가능한 “고시라 16호” 중간모본 육성
○ 근피색 보라, 근육색 보라+주황, 심색 주황, 근형 원추형, 웅성불임성 계통, F1모계로 이용가능한 “고시라20호” 중간모본 육성
<제2세부과제:시래기 생산용 무 적품종 선발 및 품질향상연구>
○ 파종시기별 특성을 보면 파종시기가 빠를수록 엽중 및 근중 등 생육 양호함.
○ 품종별 특성에서는 근중은 ‘제일건강시래기무’가 높았으나 엽중에서는 일정한 경향을 보이지 않았음
○ 재식밀도가 넓을수록 근중은 양호하였으나 엽중은 차이가 나지 않아 생산량으로보면 밀식이 유리
○ 파종후 수확일수별 특성을 보면 엽중은 생육 70일까지 증가하는 것을 볼수 있으며 80일 이후는 추위로 인하여 오히려 엽중이 감소하였으나 근중은 계속적으로 증가
○ 품종별 생육특성을 보면 엽중은 ‘팔광무’ ‘제일건강시래기무’, ‘건강시래기무’, ‘백자무’ 등이 양호하였으며, 근중은 ’서호무‘가 가장 양호하였음.
<제3세부과제:고랭지 한여름배추 생리장해 경감기술개발>
○ 칼슘결핍으로 나타나는 잎끝마름증은 일반적으로 잎이나 잎 끝에 칼슘의 부족하여 나타나는 생리장해임.
○ 배추의 일중 칼슘흡수량은 배추의 생체량이 급격하게 증가하는 시기에 맞물려 크게 증가하는 경향을 보였음.
○ 구내의 상대습도는 외부 기온에 거의 무관하게 100%를 유지하였음. 양액내 24시간 이상 칼슘을 결제할 경우 대부분 칼슘결핍증이 발생하였으며 나타나는 부위는 외엽으로부터 24~50엽위에서 발생하였음. 배추 구내엽의 칼슘의 함량은 외엽에 비해 매우 낮았으며, 잎의 중앙부위보다 선단에서 낮은 결과를 보였음.
<제4세부과제:고랭지배추 유기재배 실용화 연구>
○ 계분퇴비 시용량에 따른 배추의 생육 및 수량
- 배추의 생육은 시비량이 많을수록 증가하는 경향이었으며 초장에서는 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으나 엽수, 엽폭 등에서 차이를 나타냈음.
- 시용 유기퇴비량이 많았던 계분4톤/10a에서 구중은 가장 높았으나 시용 유기퇴비에 대한 배추의 질소이용율을 고려할 때 계분4톤/10a보다 계분 2톤/10a에서 높아 유기재배할 경우 계분퇴비 2톤/10a이면 충분할 것으로 판단되었음.
○ 토양조건별 유기물 시용량에 따른 배추의 생육 및 수량
- 무비구에서의 구중은 석비레토양에서는 현저히 낮았으며, 차항통에서는 높았으며, 모든 처리에서 석비레토양에 비해 차항통에서 높았음.
- 석비레토양에서는 구아노+인광석+설포마그를 표준량과 동일하게 시용한다 하더라도 질소기준 시용량 1/3수준인 계분퇴비시용보다 수량이 낮았으며, 시비량에 따른 등락의 진폭이 차항통에 비해 석비레에서 컸음.
- 토양에 관계없이 여러 가지 비종을 활용하여 N, P, K 시용량을 동일하게 공급하였을 때, 구아노등 천연유기자재를 시용한 것보다 계분퇴비를 시용한 처리에서 높아 계분의 효과는 뚜렷하였음.
- 질소이용율은 식양토에 비해 사양토에서 높았으며, 질소시비량이 많은 처리에 비해 적은 처리에서 높게 나타나 질소시비량이 높을수록 구중은 증가하였음. T-N이 1%수준으로 비옥도가 낮았던 사양토에서는 무비구의 수량은 현저하게 낮았으나 시비량을 계분2톤/10a에 표준시비량을 시용하면 식양토수준의 약 90% 수준을 나타났음.
- 식양토나 사양토 모두 계분2톤/10a에 2요소화학비료와 동등한 양으로 구아노, 인광석, 황산가리고토를 시용하면 그에 상응하는 수량을 얻을 수 있었음.
<제5세부과제:고랭지 사계성 딸기 무병묘 생산기술 연구>
○ 생장점 배양시 배양 후 생존율은 76.3%였음
○ Bioreactor 배양 시 질소형태 : 질산태와 암모니아태 질소= 2:1 적절하였음
○ Bioreactor 배양 시 질소질농도는 1/2배가 신초수 9.8개로 가장 좋았음
○ Bioreactor 배양 시 sucrose 3%가 지상부 및 지하부 생육량 양호
○ Bioreactor 배양 시 적정 pH 범위는 pH5.6～6.6사이였음
○ Bioreactor 배양 시 유식물체는 최소한 6주 정도 배양해야 함
<제6세부과제:고랭지 원예작물 재배시설내 온도하강 및 차광기술개발>
○ 차광재별 광투과도는 투명한 재질인 것이 높고 불투과성이 것이 낮았으며, 불투과성인 재료중에서는 반사광이 많은 백색규사에서 낮았음.
○ 유동차광냉각시스템에 적용가능한 차광재는 80～100메쉬의 백색규사가 선발되었음.
○ 차광방법별 배추와 상추의 생육에서 구중은 유동차광>무차광>부착차광>이격차광의 순으로 좋았음
○ 시설내의 일사량은 무차광에 비해, 유동차광에서 약 27%가 낮아졌으며, 시설내의 기온은 차광처리는 무차광에 비해 온도를 약 4℃낮아졌으며, 피망 잎의 광합성률, 기공개도, 증산율은 증가하였고, 포차는 감소하였음. 시설내의 상대습도는 15%정도 높게 유지되었음.
○ 유동차광시스템은 일사센서, 속도조절모터 컨트롤러, 디지털모터, 차광물이송 스쿠류, 차광물공급펌프, 저장용기, 차광물, 스프링클러 등 분사장치 및 집수로로 구성되며, 유동차광냉각시스템의 시물레이션 분석에서는 일사량에 따라 작물의 광포화점을 유지할수 있는 것으로 나타났음.

Abstract ▼

This experiment was conducted to breed of high quality cultivar and to develop of cultivation technology for stable production of vegetables in highland.
For breeding of high quality carrot, we carried out to investigate characteristic of disease resistance male sterile, and to evaluate collected

This experiment was conducted to breed of high quality cultivar and to develop of cultivation technology for stable production of vegetables in highland.
For breeding of high quality carrot, we carried out to investigate characteristic of disease resistance male sterile, and to evaluate collected germplasm. The project was carried out every year summer cultivation system for selection of late bolting and leaf stem blight line in Daewgallyeong, Pyeongchang and autumn cultivation system for generation progress and seed production in Gangneung. Variety protection registration were two F1 varieties as yellow color ‘Gumsurae’ and high quality ‘Ground king’. There are pending purple carrot F1 variety, Sabora protection and two male sterile line as yellow color ‘Wonye 1701’ and purple carrot ‘Wonye 17002’. Genetic resources in carrot was collected 69 lines, and the characteristics of seed production were then evaluated.
The experiment to select of optimum sowing time, plant density, harvest time, optimum drying process for high yield and quality to produce dried radish leaves were established. To select for optimum sowing time, dried weight and yield of leaves were 33.3g, 346kg/10a at 17th and 36.4g, 346kg/10a at 10th August. To select for optimum plant density, leaf weigh and number of leaves were 21.0 each, 360g at 65 x17cm at Palkwangmoo. Dried weight and yield of leaves in plant density was elevated 294kg/10a at 65 x 15cm. To select for optimum harvest time, leaf length and number of leaves and root weight increased until 70days after sowing. Dried weight and ratio was shown 300.7g and 10.5% at 60 days after sowing.
In dry process, 1 time and 2 times shield light of dried radish leaves of instigated 75% and 97% protected of light. Color index of dried radish leaves on shield light was 5 at 2 times and 4 at 1 time, but 2 at not shield light. when cutting of leaves and root shown at quality and efficiency of leaves contained 1cm root.
Highland Chinese cabbage is one of the main vegetables which are producted in summer, off-crop season. Generally quality of the vegetable are evaluated by taste, color, storability, processing suitability etc. and physical diorder by pest or deseases give a fatal effect on the quality. Recently tipburn incidence of Chinese cabbage occur occasionally, and that lower in quality and yield. Tipburn is generally considered to be a calcium-related disorder, caused by localized Ca²⁺ deficiency of leaves or leaf margins. This study was carried out to get information for reducing occurrence of tipburn. Daily amount of calcium uptake increased rapidly at the time when biomass of Chinese cabbage increased largely. and relative humidity in head regardless out air temperature maintained almost 100%. Tipburn occurred almost at the condition of hydroponically cultured over 24 hours in the calcium excluded nutrient solution, and occurred at leaves ranged between 24th to 50th leaf from outer leaf. Calcium content was lower inner leaves than outer leaves, and was lower at the margin of leaf than middle part of leaf.
The study to compare the yield and the growth of Chinese cabbage between conventional farming with artificial fertilizers and organic farming with various fertilizers, and to evaluate the utilization possibility of nature ore fertilizers in correcting unbalance of nutrients in organic cultivated soil was carried out. The organic farming is considered to be an alternative to conventional farming, to enhance agricultural sustainability in Korea. But a decreased yield in organic farming of highland Chinese cabbage is the source of trouble. Crop growth is limited by soil fertility. Conventionally, organic fertilizer that exceeded for crop requirements was supplied to increase fertility of cultivation soil in organic. Especially continuous application of animal manure compost brought out unbalance of nutrient of soil, which reduced yields in protected cultivation. Nitrogen availability of applied fertilizer by Chinese cabbage was lower in fertile soil (clay loam) than in infertile soil (sand loam) and the lower that was, the more fertilizer applied. By application of poultry manure compost 20Mg ha^-1andnatureorefertilizers equal to amount of fertilizer recommended in conventional farming, the yield of Chinese cabbage in infertile soil (sand loam) with 1% organic matter came up to 90% of the yield in fertile soil (clay loam) with 6% organic matter. Therefore application of nature ore fertilizers such as guano, phosphate rock, and potassium magnesium rock will be used to correct nutrient unbalance of soil in rainshelter organic farming.
Basic plants were produced through the meristem culture in 2010. Four hundred meristems were planted in vitro and were survived 305ea plantlets. Survival rate of in vitro plants was 76.3%. We planted basic plants on elevated bed and producedfoundation seed about 30,000 plants. Foundation seed was cutting and planting temporarily in September, and was stored at –2℃. In bioreactor culture, medium that are included NH₄-N and NO₃-N together in MS medium is suitable for mass propagation and nitride 1/2× concentration is suitable for shoot propagation. In the treatment of sucrose 30g․L^-1, shoot was emerged as many as 9.5 ea. In the pH condition, from pH 5.6 to 6.8 were appropriate for the optimum growth of aerial and ground part of plant. As increasing culture periods, the fresh weight was also increased rapidly. And after six weeks culture, shoots emerged 10.4 ea per plantlets, and developed a complete plant. From the results, in bioreactor culture, MS medium was suitable 1/2× concentration that was included NH₄-N and NO₃-N together, and added 30g․L^-1 of sucrose, and then adjusted pH between 5.6 and 6.6. When the bioreactor culture, do the air supply by 0.2vvm continuously, and cultivated six weeks. We analyzed optimum containers and soils to increase acclimatization rate of in vitro mass propagated via bioreactor. When we used black vinyl pot, the survival rate was highest by 80%. In the soil, shoot growth was the highest in Purmi because Purmi was contained a suitable amount of nutrient.
This study to develop technology by shading for reducing of temperture increase and control of amount of light influx in the rainshelter during hot summer season was conducted. Light transparence rates by shading materials were high at transparent material, but was low at light impermeable material, white silica of 80 to 100 mesh granule. The light spectrum of copper sulfate solution was appeared that infrared rays was low. The growth fo Chinese cabbage and lettuce by shading methods was better in order of flow shading>no shading(control)>attached net shading>detached net shading. but that of narrowhead goldenaray was better detched net shading than no shading and flow shading. Solar radiation intensity(671.9 Wㆍm^-2) in flow shading rainshelter was decreased approximately 27% compared to that in rainshelter of control(854.7 Wㆍm^-2). Inner air temperature in flow shading rainshelter was decreased approximately 4℃compared to that in rainshelter of control, and the photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate of sweet pepper leaf were increased, but vapor pressure deficit was decreased. And also relative humidity was high by 15% in the flow shading rainshelter. Flow shading system was composed of controller with light sensor for motor speed , motor, screw pump for shading material transfer, water pump, reservoir, shading materail, sprayer such as mini sprinker, and circulation drainage. Flow shading system was capable to control inner light intensity not to exceed level of light saturation point of crop such as Chinese cabbage in the simulation for efficiency evaluation.

목차 Contents

• 표지 ... 1
• 제출문 ... 2
• 요약문 ... 3
• SUMMARY ... 7
• 목차 ... 10
• 제 1 장 서 론 ... 11
• 제 2 장 국내외 기술개발 ... 15
• 제 3 장 연구개발수행 내용 및 결과 ... 19
• 제1절 당근 내병 만추대성 품종육성 ... 19
• 제2절 시래기 생산용 무 적품종 선발 및 품질향상연구 ... 50
• 제3절 한여름 고랭지배추 생리장해경감기술개발 ... 56
• 제4절 고랭지배추 유기재배 실용화연구 ... 80
• 제5절 고랭지 사계성 딸기 무병묘 생산기술개발 ... 96
• 제6절 고랭지 원예재배시설내 온도하강 및 차광기술개발 ... 115
• 제 4 장 연구개발목표 달성도 및 대외기여도 ... 132
• 제1절 목표대비 달성도 ... 132
• 제2절 정량적 성과 ... 133
• 제 5 장 연구개발결과의 활용계획 ... 133
• 제 6 장 연구개발과정에서 수집한 해외과학기술정보 ... 133
• 제 7 장 기타 중요 변동사항 ... 134
• 제 8 장 국가과학기술종합정보시스템에 등록한 연구장비 현황 ... 134
• 제 9 장 참고문헌 ... 135
• 끝페이지 ... 146