보고서 정보
주관연구기관 |
국립원예특작과학원 National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science |
보고서유형 | 최종보고서 |
발행국가 | 대한민국 |
언어 |
한국어
|
발행년월 | 2014-02 |
과제시작연도 |
2011 |
주관부처 |
농촌진흥청 Rural Development Administration(RDA) |
과제관리전문기관 |
국립원예특작과학원 National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science |
등록번호 |
TRKO201400011015 |
과제고유번호 |
1395021887 |
사업명 |
인삼약초시험 |
DB 구축일자 |
2014-07-05
|
DOI |
https://doi.org/10.23000/TRKO201400011015 |
초록
▼
Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
○ 인삼 논재배 생리장해 경감 기술 연구
- 습해 경감을 위한 논재배 적정 배수등급 설정
· 습답보다는 장마철에만 물이 차는 반습답 이상의 논에서 재배가능
- 논토양에 적합한 해가림 피복물 선발
· 비누수가 차단되고 투광량이 많은 청색차광지가 수량증수의 유리
- 논토양에서 생리장해 발생이 적은 품종 선발
· 천풍, 금풍이 황증, 적변삼 발생 억제에 효과적임
- 생리장해(황증) 경감을 위한 예정지 토양산도 조절 방법
· 토양 pH 5.5 이하 토양: 예정지 관리시 석회
Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
○ 인삼 논재배 생리장해 경감 기술 연구
- 습해 경감을 위한 논재배 적정 배수등급 설정
· 습답보다는 장마철에만 물이 차는 반습답 이상의 논에서 재배가능
- 논토양에 적합한 해가림 피복물 선발
· 비누수가 차단되고 투광량이 많은 청색차광지가 수량증수의 유리
- 논토양에서 생리장해 발생이 적은 품종 선발
· 천풍, 금풍이 황증, 적변삼 발생 억제에 효과적임
- 생리장해(황증) 경감을 위한 예정지 토양산도 조절 방법
· 토양 pH 5.5 이하 토양: 예정지 관리시 석회(소석회) 100kg/10a 시용
- 습해, 생리장해 경감을 위한 논재배 적정 두둑높이 구명: 30cm
○ 인삼 양직모밭 팽화왕겨퇴비의 부숙촉진제 시용연구
- 약토대비 부엽토 + 유박2%처리는 1근중과 묘삼가능비율이 높아 5%증수를 보였고 팽화왕겨 + 쌀겨2.5% + 깻묵2,5%, 팽화왕겨 + 유박5%, 유박 10% 처리에서도 7~12% 증수를 보였음
- 인삼 양직모밭에 사용하는 약토를 팽화왕겨퇴비로 대체시용효과 구명
· 인삼 양직모밭 약토 사용량을 팽화왕겨퇴비로 50% 대체해도 수량성 대등하며 재료비가 8% 절감되 농가 소득증대 기대
○ 인삼 유기재배 토양관리기술 개발
- 예정지 관리 년수 및 유기물 종류별 유기농 인삼의 생육특성 구명
·무기성분 함량이 높은 유기질퇴비는 예정지 1년 관리보다는 2년 관리가 수량증가에 효과적임
- 부엽토 및 가축분퇴비 시비량별 유기농 인삼의 생육특성 구명
· 부엽토는 무기양분 함량이 적절하여(N 0.57%, P 0.36%, K 0.62%) 시용량이 증가될수록 수량이 증가되는 경향을 보임
· 가축분퇴비는 양분함량이 높아(N 2.32%, P 3.28%, K 2.56%) 4.5톤/10a에서 최고수량을 보였고 6톤 수준에서는 수량이 감소되었음
· 동체부위의 총 진세노사이드 함량은 부엽토>가축분퇴비>무처리 순
○ 인삼 GAP 재배기술 안전성 및 실용성 향상 연구
- 유기재배 인삼재배 활용가능 선발 친환경 자재 : 소나무추출물
· 본포 인삼 점무늬병 58.2% 탄저병 60.6%의 방제효과가 있으므로 본밭 병발생초기부터 7~10일 간격으로 처리
- 인삼 유기재배시 모밭·본밭의 점무늬병, 탄저병 방제 미생물제제(BS QST713) 선발
·방제가가 점무늬병에 대해 모밭 67.3%, 본밭 68.4%, 탄저병에 대해 모밭 67.7%, 본밭 63.4%임
·점무늬병과 탄저병의 예방 및 동시방제를 위해서 6월 하순~8월 하순까지 7일 간격으로 방제
○ 인삼 모밭 모잘록병 약제방제 효과시험
- 플루디옥소닐 액상수화제 외 2종의 인삼 종자 소독 처리시 방제가는 83.1~95.6%로 모잘록병 방제효과가 우수하였으며, 기준량과 배량 처리구 모두 약해가 없었음
- 플루디옥소닐 액상수화제 인삼종자 소독에 따른 약제잔류 시험결과 묘삼에서 기준량 1.21~1.36mg/kg, 2년생 인삼에서는 0.09mg/kg로 잔류허용량 0.5mg/kg보다 낮았음
- 플루디옥소닐 액상수화제는 Pyrrolntrin이라는 천연물 유래 물질
· 미국 200여 작물 종자 소독제로 사용되고 있어, 인삼 종자소독제로 등록시 인삼류 수출에도 용이할 것으로 전망됨
Abstract
▼
○ Study on decrease of physiological disorder in Paddy Field
To develop the practical cultivation for paddy field, we investigated the properties of paddy soil, growth characteristics and ginsenoside content of 6-year-old ginseng, Cheonpung variety between poor drainage class (PDC) and imperfect
○ Study on decrease of physiological disorder in Paddy Field
To develop the practical cultivation for paddy field, we investigated the properties of paddy soil, growth characteristics and ginsenoside content of 6-year-old ginseng, Cheonpung variety between poor drainage class (PDC) and imperfect drainage class (IDC).
Root yield in IDC was more increased by 33% than that of PDC. The moisture content and rusty ratio of ginseng root in IDC were lower than that of PDC. This study was carried out to select optimal shade materials among four-layered polyethylene (PE) net (FLPN), aluminium-coated PE sheet (APSS), and blue PE sheet (BPSS) in condition of paddy field cultivated 6-year-old ginseng. The order of root yield was BPSS > APSS > FLPN, and the cause of highest yield in BPSS was higher light-penetrated ratio during spring and fall season, higher survived-leaf ratio, and lower rusty-root ratio than that of APSS and FLPN. In ginseng leaf, there were highly significant negative correlation between leaf discoloration ratio and calcium content, and there were also highly significant positive correlation between leaf discoloration ratio and iron content. Excessive Fe uptake caused brown-colored symptom to leaf because soluble iron was increased in condition of low soil pH. Physiological disorders, such as symptoms colored with brown spots in leaf (brown-colored leaf), are so many occurred in ginseng garden cultivated with paddy soil.
Occurrence of brown-colored leaf, and aerial growth such as plant height, leaf area were inhibited by the increase of calcium hydroxide. Survived-root ratio and root yield were highest at the level of 100kg/10a, and both of them were gradually decreased by the increase of calcium hydroxide. Root yield was gradually decreased because the ratio of brown-colored leaf was decreased, but rato of missing plant was increased by the increase of calcium hydroxide.
○ the substitute effect of Y acto (leaf mold compost) on popped rice hulls compost (PRHC) in Y ang-jik nursery bed of P anax ginseng .
It’s very important to save Yacto, compost for cultivating ginseng seedling because of high cost. This study was carried out to know the substitute effect of Yacto (leaf mold compost) on popped rice hulls compost(PRHC) in Yang-jik nursery bed of P anax ginseng.
Leaf mold compost mixed with 2% oil cake showed 5% increase compared to Yacto because of high seedling weight per plant and ratio of useable seedling. In PRHC + 2.5% rice bran + 2.5% oil cake, PRHC + 5% oil cake, and PRHC + 10% oil cake, yield of seedling showed 7∼12% increase compared to Yacto. We could substituted accelerated-compost materials (rice bran + oil cake) for mixed-oil cake. PRHC was mixed with Yacto as 50:50 ratio, and 1∼2% of the mixed oil cake, rice bran and urea were also added to promote decaying the mixed compost. The mixed compost made by PRHC and Yacto was showed that positive effect on the growth of ginseng seedling when it was mixed with 1% of oil cake and rice bran, and 2% of mixed oil cake. But addition to the 2% of urea in the mixture of PRHC and Yacto was not positive effect on the growth of ginseng seedling. Root yield of the mixed compost was similar to that of conventional compost by made 100% of Yacto. Therefore, the mixed compost can substitute for Yacto when PRHC and Yacto were mixed by 50:50 ratio and added 1% of oil cake and rice bran.
○ Effect of preplanting field management and organic compost on organic ginseng yield
Preplanting field management for two year was necessary to ginseng growth and yield after livestock compost with high fertility was applied to preparation field. Even if preparation field was managed for two year, the ratio of rusty root ginseng was increased when livestock compost was excessively applied to preparation field. Ginseng was growth normally in condition of the soil where leaf mold was fertilized by 6,000kg per 10a because EC and P2O5 content was lower than standard content for optimal culture. But all of EC, P2O5, and Na content exceeded standard content when livestock compost of 3,000kg per 10a was fertilized. Leaf mold was more effective to the increase of root yield than that of livestock compost, and the optimal levels of fertilization per 10a were 6.0ton in leaf mold, and 4.5ton in livestock compost. The order of total ginsenoside content was leaf mold > livestock compost > control. Total ginsenoside content of leaf mold was higher 11% than that of livestock compost, and higher 12% than that of control.
○ Effects of several environment friendly materials for reducing chemical pesticide in ginseng GA P pest management system
In the 2010 experiment on ginseng seedlings, Bordeaux mixture and microbial fungicide(B. subtillus QST 713) were more effective to control of Alternaria blight(caused by Alternaria panax) in ginseng seedling field compared to any other treatment. The control efficacys on Alternaria blight in ginseng seedling field of Bordeaux mixture and microbial fungicide were 70.5%, 67.3% respectively, and the control efficacys of Bordeaux mixture and microbial fungicide against Anthracnose(caused by Collectotrichum gloeosporioides) were more effective with 69.0%, 67.7% respecively, also there control efficacys were more effective against Gray mold(caused by Botrytis cinerea) with 68.1%, 69.4% respectively. In the 2011 experiments on ginseng seedlings, the control efficacys of pine tree extract against Anthracnose were 42.2% in survey with July 19, and 33.5% in survey with July 26, but other treatments were showed no difference with control.
In the 2009~2010 experiments on ginseng field, Bordeaux mixture and microbial fungicide were more effective to control of Alternaria blight compared to any other treatments. In the 2009 experiment, the control efficacys against Alternaria blight in ginseng field of Bordeaux mixture and microbial fungicide were 88.6~89.3%, 62.1~64.4% respectively, and there control efficacys against Anthracnose were more effective with 83.0%, 58.5% respectively. In the 2010 experiment, the control efficacys on Alternaria blight in ginseng field of Bordeaux mixture and microbial fungicide were 72.4~74.5%, 68.4~71.5% respectively, and there control efficacy against Anthracnose were more effective with 74.6%, 63.4% respecively. In the 2011 experiment on ginseng field, the control efficacys of pine tree extract and eugenol against Alternaria blight were 56.8%, 50.5% in survey with August 9, and 58.2%, 32.4% in survey with September 8, but other treatments were showed a little control efficacys, and the control efficacy of pine tree extract and eugenol against Anthracnose was more effective with 60.6%, 42.7%, respectively.
○ Study on prevent of damping-off in ginseng seedling
Tolclofos-methyl has been used to prevent damping-off of ginseng seedling when farmers cultivate ginseng seedling. But residues of this chemical in ginseng farm have so serious that replacement chemicals have been requested. The experiment was carried out to select better chemicals for replacement of Tolclofos-methyl. Fludioxonil, Pyraclostobin and Boscalid were used for the test. Fludioxonial was originated from natural substance named Pyrrolnitrin. Three chemicals were treated as seed disinfectant. Residual amount of these chemicals to ginseng was very low and also residual period was very short. Three chemicals tested were all worked for reducing damping-off of ginseng seedling. Ratio of control value was ranged from 83.1% to 95.6%. After 318 days of treatment, residual amount of Fludioxonil in ginseng seedling was ranged 1.24~1.36mg/kg and was reduced less than 0.1mg/kg in two-year old ginseng after two years from the sterilized time. It was recommended that Fludioxonil was better chemical for preventing damping-off of ginseng.
목차 Contents
- 표지 ... 1
- 제 출 문 ... 2
- 요 약 문 ... 4
- SUMMARY ... 7
- 목 차 ... 10
- 제 1 장 서 론 ... 11
- 제 2 장 국내외 기술개발 현황 ... 14
- 제 3 장 연구개발 수행 내용 및 결과 ... 17
- < 제1세부과제> 인삼 논재배 생리장해 경감 기술 연구 ... 17
- < 제2세부과제> 인삼 양직모밭 팽화왕겨퇴비의 부숙촉진제 시용연구 ... 36
- < 제3세부과제> 인삼 유기재배 토양관리 기술개발 ... 46
- < 제4세부과제> 인삼 GA P 재배기술 안전성 및 실용성 향상연구 ... 54
- < 제5세부과제> 인삼 모밭 모잘록병 약제방제 효과시험 ... 64
- 제 4 장 연구개발 목표 달성도 및 대외 기여도 ... 71
- 1절 : 목표대비 달성도 ... 71
- 2절 : 정량적 성과(논문게재, 특허출원, 기타) ... 71
- 제 5 장 연구개발결과의 활용계획 ... 72
- 제 6 장 연구개발과정에서 수집한 해외과학기술정보 ... 73
- 제 7 장 기타 중요 변동사항 ... 74
- 제 8 장 국가과학기술종합정보시스템에 등록한 연구장비 현황 ... 75
- 제 9 장 참고문헌 ... 76
- 끝페이지 ... 81
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