초록 ▼

o 연구결과
1. 식균선층 A. auenae와 길항미생물 T. harzianum 우수 조합 선발 및 방제 상승 효과 mechanism 규명
2. 각종 유용 세균 선발 및 동정: GBR-1: Paenibacillus polymyxa, 인삼뿌리썩음병과 뿌리혹선층 방제; GBR-447: Paenibacillus polymyxa, 고추역병 방제; JB-1: Pseudomonas putida, Tobacco mosaic virus(TMV) 방제
3. 포장시험을 통한 생물학적 방제 효율 개선을 위한 기술보완점 파악
4.

o 연구결과
1. 식균선층 A. auenae와 길항미생물 T. harzianum 우수 조합 선발 및 방제 상승 효과 mechanism 규명
2. 각종 유용 세균 선발 및 동정: GBR-1: Paenibacillus polymyxa, 인삼뿌리썩음병과 뿌리혹선층 방제; GBR-447: Paenibacillus polymyxa, 고추역병 방제; JB-1: Pseudomonas putida, Tobacco mosaic virus(TMV) 방제
3. 포장시험을 통한 생물학적 방제 효율 개선을 위한 기술보완점 파악
4. 천연물 중 목단피의 병방제 효과(자체 및 보조제) 확인 및 개발 가능성 제시"
- 뿌리혹선층(Meloidogyne incognita): 자체 효과 크며 GBR-1과 혼합체 개방가능
- Rhizoctonia solani에 의한 모잘록병: T. harzianum과 혼합시 병방제 우수

Abstract ▼

IV. Results and Recommendations for Their Application
Fungivorous nematodes, Aphelenchus avenae were isolated from various soils, and cultured. They were tested for feeding preference between pathogenic fungi, Pythium spp. and antagonistic fungi. As aresult, the combination of A. avenae and Trich

IV. Results and Recommendations for Their Application
Fungivorous nematodes, Aphelenchus avenae were isolated from various soils, and cultured. They were tested for feeding preference between pathogenic fungi, Pythium spp. and antagonistic fungi. As aresult, the combination of A. avenae and Trichoderma harzianum was the most efficient combination as it had the most improved control value probably derived from nematode growth on T. harzianum and strong antagonism of T. harzianum to Pythium. Other combinations gave no improved or even lowered control values, compared to single treatments alone. These results suggest that the most representative antagonistic microorganism Trichoderma is not a major determinant in controlling the disease in this case, but acts like a supporter and assistant or an inhibitor to A. avenae. Also the results suggest similar antagonistic microbes may result in contradictory effects when they combined with other biological control agents.
Various useful bacteria were isolated and tested to have high antibiotic activities. A Bacillus strain G181 was highly antagonistic to various pathogens in vitrol however, it showed no control of tomato wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and damping-off caused by Rhizoctonia solani. No improved control efficiency was noticed by this bacterium in combination with fungivorous nematodes. On the other hand, GBR-1 identified as Paenibacillus polymyxa had control efficiencies of ginseng root rots inoculated with Fusarium and Erwinia with low inoculum potentials. Control effects were not shown at the high level of 10⁸ CFU/ml of GBR-1, but were shown at the low level of 10⁶CFU/ml, suggesting that there may be an optimum concentration of the biocontrol agent for maximum control efficacy. GBR-1 also had a high control value over the root-knot nematode in tomato. Therefore, this bacterium can be applied for the development of a microbial pesticide for complex root disease.
Paenibacillus polymyxa GBR-447 was antagonistic to Phytophthora parasitica and inhibited its zoosporangial formation, thus preventing its infection and secondary inoculum production. Also this bacterium decreased disease incidence and severity of chill pepper phytophthora blight, which may be a potential for the biocontrol agent. JB-1 identified as Pseudomonas putida, although low in antagonistic activity, produced protenaceous material(s) that strongly inhibited Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) infection. As this material was very stable to heat and showed systemic activity, it can be practically used for virus control in the field conditions.
Aphelenchus avenae nematodes cultured in vermiculite +PD broth colonized with T. harzianum were treated to ginseng fields to test disease control and examine plant growth status. Conclusively speaking, the control effcts began to show up after a good while following the treatments, and were very subjective to soil environments. Thus, immediately effective antagonistic materials should be added to the biocontrol agents to prevent the initial disease outbreak. Also it is required to determine preliminarily whether the applying fields should be appropriate for biological control or not. If they are not good for biological control, soil improvemnet practices should be preceded for the biocontrol agents to exhibit their best potentials.
As recognizing excellent control efficacy of natural materials during the study, a series of experiments were conducted using some medicinal herbs. Root bark of Paeonia suffructicosa (Moutan Cortex Radicis, MCR) had the strong control efficacy (CE) of root-knot nematode, increasing with the concentration, with the CE of 95% at 0.2%. Aboveground plant growths were also enhanced by the MCR treatment. As the biocontrol agent GBR-1 had a strong control effect to the root-knot nematode, the more powerful product would be generated if MCR is supplemented to GBR-1. Also MCR had the strongest antifungal activity against Rhizoctonia solani AG2-1 (the causal pathogen of ginseng damping-off)among 6 natural materials tested, white it was minimally antagonistic to Trichoderma harzianum. The biocontrol efficacy was greatly increased by the combined treatment of the biocontrol agent T. harzianum and the natrual antifungal material MCR, compared to either of the two treatment alone, even though MCR was used at low concentrations. The differential antibiotic activity of MCR between the pathogen and the biocontrol agent might be the reason of the increased control efficacy. Because MCR is not a pesticide, MCR or its extract can be used as a safe additive to biocontrol agents for improving the control of soilborne disease. This type of biocontrol products (mixture of antagonistic microbes and natural antifungal materials) may provide a promising technology as the natural materials compensate for nicrobes by increasing control value as well as exhibiting immediate activity like agro-chemicals, and are safe soil enviroments and human health because they are edible oriental medicine.

목차 Contents

• 표지 ... 1
• 제출문 ... 2
• 요약문 ... 3
• SUMMARY ... 7
• CONTENTS ... 11
• 목차 ... 13
• 제 1 장 연구개발과제의 개요 ... 15
• 제 1 절 연구개발 목적 및 배경 ... 15
• 제 2 절 연구개발의 필요성 ... 16
• 제 3 절 연구개발 내용 및 범위 ... 17
• 제 2 장 국내외 기술개발 현황 ... 19
• 제 1 절 국내외 관련기술 현황과 문제점 ... 19
• 제 2 절 앞으로의 전망 ... 20
• 제 3 장 연구개발 수행 내용 및 결과 ... 22
• 제 1 절 연구의 재료 및 실험적 수행 방법 ... 22
• 1. 우수 식균선충과 길항곰팡이 Trichoderma 균주 조합의 생물학적 방제효과 조사 ... 22
• 2. 길항세균 혼합 처리에 의한 병방제 효과 조사 ... 23
• 3. 복합생물제제에 의한 각종 토양병 방제(포장시험)(협동연구) ... 27
• 4. 천연물 첨가에 의한 토양병 방제(새로운 시도) ... 28
• 제 2 절 연구수행 내용 및 결과 ... 30
• 1. 우수 식균선충과 길항곰팡이 Trichoderma 균주 조합의 생물학적 방제효과 조사 ... 30
• 2. 길항세균 혼합 처리에 의한 병방제 효과 조사 ... 35
• 3. 복합생물제제에 의한 각종 토양병 방제(포장시험)(협동연구) ... 55
• 4. 천연물 첨가에 의한 토양병 방제(새로운 시도) ... 61
• 제 4 장 목표달성도 및 관련분야에의 기여도 ... 69
• 제 1 절 연구개발 목표와 주요 연구 내용 및 적용 ... 69
• 제 2 절 연구개발 목표의 달성도와 관련분야에의 기술발전 기여도 ... 70
• 제 5 장 연구개발결과의 활용계획 ... 72
• 제 1 절 추가연구의 필요성 ... 72
• 제 2 절 타 연구에의 응용 ... 72
• 제 3 절 연구결과의 활용계획 ... 73
• 제 6 장 연구개발과정에서 수집한 해외과학기술정보 ... 74
• 제 7 장 참고문헌 ... 75
• 끝페이지 ... 84