초록 ▼

- 하구역 종합관리시스템은 통합적 하구관리를 위한 법·제도를 개발하는 관리 정책 분야와 이를 지원하는 관측·모델·정보 통합시스템을 구축하는 과학·기술 분야의 융합으로 구성
- 정책분야
1. 하구법안과 통합하구관리계획안 제시함
2. 하구포럼 운영 등을 통한 지역 현안 및 이해당사자 네트워크 파악함
3. 건설적 상호작용을 촉진하기 위한 의사결정지원시스템의 개념 제시함
4. 영산강 하구역 총가치를 1조 3천억원으로 추정함
- 과학·기술분야
1. 영산강 하구역은 부영양화 프로세스와 2차적 영향이 호 내

- 하구역 종합관리시스템은 통합적 하구관리를 위한 법·제도를 개발하는 관리 정책 분야와 이를 지원하는 관측·모델·정보 통합시스템을 구축하는 과학·기술 분야의 융합으로 구성
- 정책분야
1. 하구법안과 통합하구관리계획안 제시함
2. 하구포럼 운영 등을 통한 지역 현안 및 이해당사자 네트워크 파악함
3. 건설적 상호작용을 촉진하기 위한 의사결정지원시스템의 개념 제시함
4. 영산강 하구역 총가치를 1조 3천억원으로 추정함
- 과학·기술분야
1. 영산강 하구역은 부영양화 프로세스와 2차적 영향이 호 내-외측에서 상이한 시스템임을 규명함
2. 부영양화 발생에 기여하는 주요인자는, 내측의 경우 호 내의 유속감소와 외측의 경우 저탁도로 인한 유광층 증가함
3. 내측의 경우 부영양화로 인한 2차적 영향은 빈산소 수괴의 발생이며, 수온성층의 발달과 급격히 깊어지는 수심으로 인한 무광층 증가가 이를 가속화 시키는 핵심 인자임
4. 외측의 경우는 방류나 조석으로 인한 수괴 교란이 부영양화의 2차 효과를 조절하는 핵심인자임
5. 유역과 하천·하구의 공간적 통합을 반영하고, 물리-퇴적-수생태 기작의 유기적 연계를 재현하는 수치모델을 구축함
6. 관측, 모델의 결과를 검색, 조회할 수 있고, 모델 구동이 가능한 GIS 기반 통합정보시스템 구축함
7. 다양한 이용자가 동시에 활용할 수 있는 웹포탈 및 웹GIS 기반의 의사결정 지원 시스템 구축함

Abstract ▼

Ⅳ. Result
1. Policy
가. Development of the bill for Sustainable Estuarine Management Act
- Submitted the draft for Estuarine Management Act
- Suggested the possible strategies for legislation
나. Development of Integrated Estuarine Management Plan and Programs
- Proposed an integrate

Ⅳ. Result
1. Policy
가. Development of the bill for Sustainable Estuarine Management Act
- Submitted the draft for Estuarine Management Act
- Suggested the possible strategies for legislation
나. Development of Integrated Estuarine Management Plan and Programs
- Proposed an integrated estuarine management plan and programs which could be implemented in the Yeongsan Estuary, based on the various projections of water quality environments in the target estuary, simulated by the modelling system included in Integrated Estuarine Management System
다. Stakeholder Analysis to encourage good governance for Estuarine Management
- From Forums, we got lessons that encouragement of local initiatives should not be overlooked during the research phase or implementation phase.
- Local stakeholder governance network has provided opportunities of collective and collaborative learning on Estuarine Issues, which can be regarded as the process of producing and accumulating social capital.
- Develop a simple decision-support system for enhancing stakeholder participation and dialogue
라. valuation of Yeongsan river estuary
- The valuation system of estuary was examined in 2010. The visit benefit(recreation tourism value) of Yeongsan river estuary was estimated using travel cost method(TCM) in 2011. The values of estuary characteristics were measured using choice experiment (CE) method in 2012. Therefore, the total value of Yeongsan river estuary was suggested in 2013. In addition, the economic effect of water quality management policies was provided using input-output tables which was made by Bank of Korea in 2010
- The total value of Yeongsan river estuary was 1,330 billion won which was divided into use value of 819 billion won and non-use value of 511 billion won. The composition rate of use value in total value of Yeongsan river estuary was 61.6%, the remainder 38.4% was the portion of non-use value of Yeongsan river
- The visit value of Nakdong river estuary was estimated as 8,423 billion won and the value of water use in Nakdong river estuary was 8,423 billion won
마. Development of Ecological Health Indices
- In this study, we found several benthic indices could be used to identify the ecological status of estuarine ecosystems
- Also we developed an ecological index based on the information of plankton community. This index can represent seasonal variability of estuarine ecosystem health more than other established indices such as TRIX, pH-DO index, etc
2. Monitoring
가. Water Flow Monitoring
(1) 2nd Year
- The discharge time, the surface flow rate is discharged in the form of a strong jet flow, the flow rate of the low-rise does not significantly affect
- I considered mass transfer due Youngsan estuary, to occur is active in a horizontal direction from the vertical direction to discharge
(2) 3nd Year
- Fresh water which is discharged is discharged to the open sea along the north side of the water channel along the surface, the water flowed from the low-rise, be introduced through the south side of the channel is displayed
- hypoxia layer will be displayed at the time of formation of the water temperature stratification of summer, back to four days after the disappearance by the wind and discharge large, at the same time as the formation of water temperature stratification, hypoxia layer
(3) 4nd Year
- From the front of the estuary barrage, the influence of discharge is displayed up to about 10-50% from the surface by the discharge of estuary barrage
- hypoxia layer around June thermocline observations water temperature spatial estuary issue inside month when the dissolved oxygen is displayed, thermocline is weakening around November, the disappearance of hypoxia layer
나. Monitoring of Sedimentary Environment
(1) Monitoring of Surficial Sediment
(가) Estuarine morphologic change
- The area of Yeongsan Estuary has been reduced 10.5% (1.53 ㎢) over 24 years from 1982 to 2006 and the mean sea-level increase 63 cm during the same period
- Mean depth in the Yeongsan estuary were 15.33, 15.61, and 15.52 m at 1982, 2006, and 2012, respectively, which indicate rapid deposition of sediment
(나) Change of Characteristics of Surficial Sediment
- In Yeongsan Lake, sand and gravel were reduced 3 and 0.7 %, respectively, over 2005-2012, while silt and clay increased 3.1과 0.5 %, respectively. Organic content increased 2.6 % over the same period
- In Yeongsan Estuary, sand and gravel were also reduced over 2009-2012, while clay increased 2.4 %. Thus, the mean sediment size decreased 0.2 ∅, making the sedimentary environment more finer
(2) Morphologic Change
(가) Environmental Change
- The effects of anthropogenic alterations on sediment environment were examined by comparing the ratio of terrestrial organic matter (TOM) before and after the construction of the Yeognsan estuarine dam
- Before the construction, the ratio of TOM were 43-61% and 39-43 in estuary and lake, respectively. After the construction of the Yeongsan estuarine dam, however, the ratio of TOM shifted 82-99, 22-74, and 9-14 % in lake, inner estuary and outer estuary, respectively
- Before the construction, ocean-derived organic matters were more abundant in the Yeongsan estuary due to strong tidal currents. However, the estuarine dam prevented seawater and oceanic phytoplankton from reaching Yeongsan Lake, which resulted in rapid increase of TOM up to 45%
(나) Distribution of Sediment Deposition
- 30 gravity cores were collected in Yeongsan Lake and Yeongsan Estuary and analyzed for grain size distribution, water content and 210Pb
- There are three areas identified: high sedimentation rate over 4 cm/yr in inner estuary, intermediate sedimentation rate about 2 cm/yr in the main channel of Yeongsan estuary, and no sedimentation near the estuarine dam and northern area of outer estuary
(다) Discharge-Driven Sedimentation
- Event-driven sedimentation was examined by taking cores before and after the summer monsoon and then analyzing core samples for 7Be.
- The sedimentation rate over a summer monsoon in the Yeongsan inner estuary was equivalent to the mean annual rate of sedimentation, which indicates the discharge-driven sedimentation in Yeongsan Estuary.
(3) Sediment Transport and Mass Balance
(가) Estuarine Classification
- By taking Hansen and Rattray diagram(Hansen and Rattray, 1966), the effects of the Yeongsan estuarine dam was examined in terms of estuarine circulation and sediment transport.
- Based on Hansen and Rattray classification, the Yeongsan estuary belonged to Type 1a (well-mixed) under the condition of "no discharge". On the other hand, it shifted to Type 2b (partially mixed) during freshwater discharge.
- Therefore, the Yeongsan estuary has distinctive circulation patterns depending on the gate operation, which ultimately affects sediment transport in association with estuarine circulation.
(나) Floc Transport and Sediment Convergence
- Sediment dynamical Observation of Yeongsan Lake and Yeongsan Estuary indicated the presence of organic-rich floc developed in the lake and then introduced into the estuary
- Sediment flux measurements in two sites (near the estuarine dam and outer edge of inner estuary) showed sediment convergence in the inner estuary
- The sediment flux was 5,276 kg/m and 3,647 kg/m at near the dam and outer edge of inner estuary, respectively, over 15-day period during the summer monsoon of 2011
다. Water Quality Monitoring
(1) Water Quality Monitoring of the Youngsan Lake
- Water quality of the lake was mainly influenced by precipitation, and showed eutrophic condition most of time
- Heavy metal concentrations in the waters and sediments were high comparing the general standards, while organic pollutants were all below the standards.
(2) Water Quality Monitoring in the Youngsan Estuary
- Estuarine water quality is mainly controlled by the freshwater discharge. The variability of water quality is more influenced by the volume of discharged water than the seasonal variation
- Nutrient-enriched freshwater input to the estuarine system onsets phytoplankton blooms resulting in the increase of organic matter in estuary
- Organic matters in the estuarine system have four origins; freshwater origins land origin, coastal origin and phytoplankton production origin formed after nutrient rich freshwater inflows. About 50% of the organic matter during the hypoxia period is originated from the phytoplankton production after freshwater inflow in the estuary.
다. Water Quality Monitoring
(1) Water Quality Monitoring of the Youngsan Lake
- Water quality of the lake was mainly influenced by precipitation, and showed eutrophic condition most of time
- Heavy metal concentrations in the waters and sediments were high comparing the general standards, while organic pollutants were all below the standards
(2) Water Quality Monitoring in the Youngsan Estuary
- Estuarine water quality is mainly controlled by the freshwater discharge. The variability of water quality is more influenced by the volume of discharged water than the seasonal variation
- Nutrient-enriched freshwater input to the estuarine system onsets phytoplankton blooms resulting in the increase of organic matter in estuary
- Organic matters in the estuarine system have four origins; freshwater origins land origin, coastal origin and phytoplankton production origin formed after nutrient rich freshwater inflows. About 50% of the organic matter during the hypoxia period is originated from the phytoplankton production after freshwater inflow in the estuary
라. Ecological Monitoring
(1) Baseline survey on response of ecosystem to freshwater discharge
- In the Yeongsan River estuary, the phytoplankton was identified as 93 species including 12 genus and about 20 species of dinoflagellate. Major dinoflagellate genus were the Alexandrium sp., Gymnodinium sp., Heterocapsa sp., Prorocentrum sp. and Protoperidinium sp
- In relation to the variation of phytoplankton based on the discharge of freshwater, it was found that the biomass increased during the discharge and in the 1st day and in the 2nd day after discharge
- The abundance and biomass of zooplankton in estuary were sharply decreased by the flushing effect of discharged waters and high mortality of zooplankton due to the low salinity
(2) Spatial and temporal characteristics of estuarine ecosystem
- The phytoplankton composition showed high contents of diatoms in winter and dinoflagellates in summer, respectively. The spatial distribution of diatom increased toward the outer harbor while dinoflagellate distribution exhibited a high tendency in the inner harbor
- Total zooplankton with the dominance of copepod were highest and lowest in April and July, respectively. The abundance of Cladocera increased in Arpil and October, while the larvae of Cirripedia and Decapoda increased in July and October. Zooplankton community was influenced by temperature and discharged freshwater, and its distribution was characterized by the inner group and outer group in the estuary
- The increase in zooplankton abundance were observed from the input area of freshwater toward the estuary dam in Yeongsan lake from February to May. On the other hand, the decrease in zooplankton abundance were observed by the high mortality due to hypoxia formed near the artificial dam of Yeongsan lake from June to September, 2011
- Bacteria productivity in Yeongsan lake ranged from 5.8 to 142.4 mgCm-3d-1 and was highest in June, while it ranged from 0.1 to 352.4 mgCm-3d-1 in estuary and was highest in August
(3) Eutrophication and hypoxia process in estuary and lake
- The nutrient experiment was conducted to investigate the limiting factor on the growth ofP. minimum which is poular HAB species in Korean coastal waters. The result suggested that the influx of fresh water from lake would contribute to the proliferation of P. minimum, and that the P was confirmed to be the limiting factor on the dinoflagellate bloom
- Phytoplankton productivity ranged from 59 to 2,376 mgCm-2d-1 in lake with mainly high in the upper region of lake in the warmer season, while it ranged from 37 to 3,669 mgCm-2d-1 in estuary with high value above the level of eutrophication in the inner estuary during spring and summer
- Bivalves Theora fragilis, the highest dominant species known as opportunist, mainly occurred in the inner region of estuary, where the surficial sediment was composed of clay and organic matter, and the abundance of T. fragilis increased from June to August
- The concentrations of NH4+, PO43- in pore water and SRR (sulfate reduction rate) were 2-30 times higher at YE1 (near the dike in the estuary) compared to YE2 and YE4 in estuary (away from the dike)
- The BNF (benthic nutrient flux) at site YE1 were 14-17 times higher than those at site YE4, and supported 46-195% and 63-126% respectively, of the N and P requirement for primary production
- In winter and spring, artificial lake is the major source of labile organic matter. In summer, however, Oxygen Uptake Rate is very high in the outer surface layer near artificial dike, and self-produced organic matter rapidly increase in the surface layer. In summer, when two conditions are met, the formation of low oxygen layer takes place in the bottom layer near dike in estuary. In the bottom layer, oxygen concentration is rapidly decreased by the decrease of the oxygen supply due to the formation of thermocline and decomposition of mass self-produced organic matter
- In summer, the potential period of formation of hypoxia is 10~19 days in lake and 11~15 days in estuary
(4) Assessment on the potential of eutrophication in estuary and artificial freshwater lake
- The mean concentration of NH4+ in pore water were 2-3 times higher at YL4 in lake compared to YL1 and YL5 in lake except in April. The BNF were a little amount from sediment andeven influx to the sediment at most of sites in the artificial lake - In the near area from the dike, we estimate that elution of nutrient and methane between water layer and sediment, and sediment denitrification are influenced by low oxygen concentration in the bottom layer during summer
- In estuarine surface layer, ammonium regeneration rate and uptake rate show distinct seasonal changes and are the maxima in summer. These support high decomposition of autochthonous organic matter in summer
- In inner estuary, there are a sewage treat plant and two stream (Yeabam, Samhyang) as the point source of pollution, which are probably one cause of the HAB formation such as Heterocapsa blooms
- The grazing rate of zooplankton decreased to 10% during discharge period, while it ranged from 15 to 20% before discharge, andafter 13 days phytoplankton biomass increased to above 20 ugChl-a/L due to the low grazing rate of zooplankton during discharge period
- The discharge waters might stimulate phytoplankton productivity in the range of 51 to 5,083 mgCm-2d-1
- The primary productivity was suppressed by the discharge due to the flushing effect and the salinity stress, while it increased by favorable light condition, replete nutrient and low grazing along the recovery of salinity after termination of discharge
3. Modelling
가. Watershed modeling
- For estimating discharge and pollution loads into the Yeongsan lake and the nearby estuary areas, a conceptual watershed model HSPF(Hydrological Simulation Program - Fortran) was applied to the Yeongsan river and estuary basin. Various spatial data set including DEM, watershed boundaries and land uses were used to set up the model for the Yeongsan river and estuary basin that was divided into 45, 96 sub-basins, respectively. The model was calibrated and validated for the river discharges, SS, BOD, TN and TP concentrations against the data observed in 2011 and 2012 at several monitoring stations. The simulation results show good agreement with the observed water flows(R2=0.46–0.97, NSE=0.70–0.96). The simulated concentrations of SS, BOD, TN and TP are also in good agreement with the observed. The total freshwater discharge to the Yeongsan lake is estimated 2,406⨯106 m3/year which the Jiseok and Hwangryoung stream contribute as much as 19%, 17% respectively. It is estimated that the total discharges to the Youngsan lake is SS 152,327 ton/year, BOD 15,721 ton/year, TN 10,071 ton/year, TP 563 ton/year. Both water and pollution loads are high in summer, particularly in July, when the monsoon season arrives at the Korean peninsula. The watershed model provides the river-estuary model with boundary conditions of water flows, SS, BOD, TN and TP concentrations at hourly time-steps
나. Yeoungsan river synthesis model
(1) Hydrodynamics modeling
- EFDC model was used to develop a hydrodynamics model to analyze the flow patterns and characteristics of salinity and temperature in the study area and to predict the change of sedimentary environment induced by various water quality management alternatives
- The initial conditions were specified from the previous studies and mesurement data in this study. The open boundary condition for the cells within Yeoungsan River esutary is estimated using linear interpolation between the data Marine Environment Information System(MOF) for salinity and temperature. HSPF model was used to generate dynamic external discharge, salinity, temperature to the Yeoungsan River and estuary.
- The real-time driving forcing(tide , tidal currentin, salinity, temerature) were assigned from the HSPF modeling results at study area in 2011~2012. Freshwater discharge was configured to input in real time at sea-dike
- The modeling results were calibrated and validated with the observed tide, current, salinity and temperautre concentrations
- The model reproduces variations in current veolocity well. The velocity componentsis is small ranging from -0.4 to 0.4m/s
- The distribution of salinity can be seen at the bottom layer as the effect of discharge does not reach down to the bottom layer during discharge.
(2) Sediment Transport Modeling
- EFDC model was used to develop a sediment transport model to analyze the sediment transport patterns in the study area and to predict the change of sedimentary environment induced by various water quality management alternatives
- The sediment module in EFDC allows various driving forces that control sediment transport, and the simulation of multiple size classes of cohesive and noncohesive sediment
- The initial conditions for bottom sediments were specified from the previous studies and measurement data in this study. The intital and offshore bounday conditions for SSC were specified from the data of Marine Environment Information System(MOF) and Water Information System(NIER). HSPF model was used to generate dynamic external SSC loads to the Youngsan River and Estuary
- The real-time driving forces(tide, current, wave and freshwater runoff) and the fluvial sediment discharges from the watershed modeling were assigned for the simulation period of 2011 and 2012. The size classes of sand, silt and clay were adopted based on the grain-size distribution of in-situ bottom sediments
- The modeling results were calibrated and validated with the observed suspended sediment concentrations, sediment discharges and sedimentation rate
- The suspended sediment concentrations are directly controlled by freshwater discharge near the estuary dam, and by tidal current variation due to spring-neap tidal cycle toward the downstream
- The silt-sized sediments which mainly come from offshore, are redistributed in the estuary by the processes of resuspension, transport and deposition. The clay-sized sediments which mainly come from the river, deposit rarely in the estuary because of slow settling velocity. Those are transported to the offshore through surface layer, whereas upstream toward the dam through mid- and bottom layers. Consequently, deposition of silt-sized sediments supplied from the open sea is predominant on the whole, and the influx of these sediments increases in summer with river floods, due to the typical estuarine circulation
- The characteristic estuarine circulation induced by the freshwater discharge from the dam, controls the sediment transport pattern in the estuary. It is expected that this model can be effectively used in decision-making processes for the selection of optimal water quality management alternative
(3) Water Quality Modeling
- EFDC model was used to develop water quality model to analyse water quality dynamics in the study sites and to evaluate water quality management alternatives - The eutrophication model in EFDC solves mass balance equations for the 21 state variables in the water column, simulating three algal groups, cycles of organic carbon, phosphorus, nitrogen and silica, dissolved oxygen dynamics
- The data provided by Marine Environment Information System(MOF), Water Information System(NIER) and this study were used for initial conditions and open boundary conditions. The entire watershed was dived into several sub-watersheds. and the watershed modeling was performed to provide the external loading for EFDC model
- Although the EFDC model incorporates a sediment process model, it was not activated in the present application due to the relatively short modeling period and constant values based on measurements were specified for benthic fluxes
- The water quality model was applied over same period with hydrodynamic model
- In this study, the sensitivity analysis was performed for phyto-plankton growth limitation because phyto-plankton growth is most important factor
- The water quality modeling results were calibrated using governmental database and observation source at this study. The calibration was focused on phyto-plankton physiological characteristics which are optimum temperature, temperature limitation, nutrient half saturation constants and light limitation. Also sorption of phosphorus and silica and settling of POMs were calibrated
- Present model result for total chl-a, total nitrogen, nitrate plus nitrite nitrogen (NO3), total suspended solid(TSS), total phosphorus(TP), dissolved oxygen(DO), dissolved phosphate(PO4), total organic carbon(TOC) and water temperature. The model overall gives a reasonable reproduction of observed chlorophyll concentrations
- Youngsan Estuarine and Lake area, at least during the simulation period, are so eutrophic that the algal growth is mainly controlled by light availability. This is the same result with previous monitoring study(Song et al, 2010; Yi et al, 2007). Partially, the underestimation of phosphorus probably is due to the insufficient point source loads
- It was found Chl-a concentrations of the Youngsan River are greater in winter and spring season and they can be greater than 100 ug/L often including upstream area. It was reported that diatoms are dominant in those period. The model was successfully calibrated against field data collected in the Youngsan Estuarine and Lake area
- The major limiting factor for algal growth was light limitation. It is expected that this model can be effectively used in the decision making processes for the selection of water quality management of the area
(4) Scenario modeling
- Numerical modeling for various scenarios was performed to evaluate the water quality management alternatives
- The scenarios are composed of four sub-scenarios which are 1) the basic scenario, 2) the composite scenario, 3) the sluice gates operation scenario and 4) the scenario for change of coastal watershed loading (Table 1)
- The basic scenario includes the watershed management(based on successful implementation of TMDL), the river flood, the drought event, the climate change, the sediment dredging, the bottom water removal, the seawater exchange and the decrease of freshwater discharge
- The composite scenario combines the basic scenarios by which the water quality is expected to improve. The scenarios to modulate the sluice gates operation are also proposed
- Modeling results of the basic scenario: For the watershed management scenario, DIP is decreased both in the estuary and lake. DIN is also decreased by more than 30% in the lake. For the sediment dredging scenario, DIN is decreased by 20% both in the estuary and lake in spring season. The sedimentation rate is slightly increased in the lake. For the free seawater exchange scenario, Chl-a and nutrients are greatly decreased, and DO is increased up to by 20%. For the partial seawater exchange scenario, DIP is decreased by more than 20% and DIN is also decreased in spring and summer season. Chl-a is decreased by more than 50% in summer, but it is similar to the present state or slightly increased in the other seasons. The sedimentation rate is decreased in the estuary. The salt water intrudes up to the Juksan Weir
- Modeling results of composite scenario: For the freshwater lake scenario, Chl-a is similar to the present state in the estuary, and is similar to the present state or slightly decreased in the lake. For the brackish lake scenarios 1 and 2, Chl-a is similar to the partial seawater exchange scenario. Among the brackish lake scenarios, the scenario C3 dredging all the lake area shows the most effective in terms of DIN. DIP is greatly decreased in the watershed management scenario
- As the Youngsan Lake has been adapted to the freshwater environment since the estuary dam was constructed, a restoration into the brackish environment can cause major changes in the hydraulic, water quality and ecological conditions. Thus more detailed monitoring and modeling study is necessary for the seawater exchange scenario
- Modeling results of sluice gates operation scenario: For the scenario of frequent discharge in the event of green algae blooming, the peak concentration of Chl-a is lowered but the mean concentration is increased as the number of frequency is increased
4. Off-line system
가. Construction of integrated DB
(1) Monitoring DB
- Mainly includes monitoring data covering water quality, ecology, dynamics, sedimentation from 2010 to 2013
(2) Model DB
(가) HSPF model
- Mainly composed of input and output data from a total of eight scenarios
(나) EFDC model
- Mainly composed of input and output data covering 15 basic scenarios, 11 complex
scenarios, and 14 operational scenarios of floodgates
(3) GIS DB
- Mainly composed of basic layers and supporting data for overlay analysis
나. Construction of GIS based integrated model linked information system
(1) Monitoring area (dynamic, sedimentation, water quality, ecology)
- Query and download of constructed monitoring DB
(2) HSPF and EFDC modeling area
- Model execution, pre-post processing and Visualization of the modeling output
(3) GIS part
- Support overlay analysis through the provision of various thematic maps
5. On-line system
가. Establishing classification system of observation items
나. GIS management system
(1) Time-series and geographical distribution regarding to the observation items
(2) Mesh-up Observation data and model output data
(3) Implementation of realtime animation functionality for model output regarding each scenarios
(4) Implementation of realtime inter-linked functionality between decision support system and GIS management system
(5) Implementation of Automated management of observation items
(6) Implementation of saving high resolution time-series vector image
(7) Implementation of user editing functionality of time-series graph
다. Decision support system
(1) Adoption of Decision making algorithm
(2) Implementation of the functionality which can be reviewed the situation before decision making
(3) Implementation of Alternative scenario selection functionality regarding current situation
(4) Implementation of presentation functionality about the result and graph regarding Alternative scenario selection
(5) Implementation of saving alternative scenario score table and improvement status
(6) Implementation of the functionality regarding policy assessment and final decision