보고서 정보
주관연구기관 |
과학기술정책연구원 Science & Technology Policy Institute |
보고서유형 | 최종보고서 |
발행국가 | 대한민국 |
언어 |
한국어
|
발행년월 | 2015-12 |
주관부처 |
국무조정실 The Office for Government Policy Coordination |
등록번호 |
TRKO201600014453 |
DB 구축일자 |
2016-12-03
|
초록
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1. 서론
가. 연구의 목적 및 필요성
○ 기후변화나 생물다양성, 에너지, 해양의 문제 등 과학기술과 관련된 이슈들은 더 이상 개별 국가별/지역적 이슈가 아닌 글로벌 이슈로 확대됨에 따라 문제 해결에 있어 국제공조의 역할이 중요해지고 있음. 또한, 예산투입, 문제해결의 방향성에 있어 과학기술 증거 협상의 역할이 증대되고, 과학자들의 정책자문의 역할이 중요해지고 있음
○ 이에 반해, 우리나라의 과학기술 국제협력을 통한 국가과학기술역량 제고, 국가 브랜드 이미지 제고, 외교적 영향력 확대, 산업교류
1. 서론
가. 연구의 목적 및 필요성
○ 기후변화나 생물다양성, 에너지, 해양의 문제 등 과학기술과 관련된 이슈들은 더 이상 개별 국가별/지역적 이슈가 아닌 글로벌 이슈로 확대됨에 따라 문제 해결에 있어 국제공조의 역할이 중요해지고 있음. 또한, 예산투입, 문제해결의 방향성에 있어 과학기술 증거 협상의 역할이 증대되고, 과학자들의 정책자문의 역할이 중요해지고 있음
○ 이에 반해, 우리나라의 과학기술 국제협력을 통한 국가과학기술역량 제고, 국가 브랜드 이미지 제고, 외교적 영향력 확대, 산업교류와 무역확대 기여등의 과학기술을 활용한 외교활동이 미흡한 상황임
○ 과학기술ㆍICT의 외교적 측면의 거버넌스 체계가 확립되지 못하면서 뚜렷한 추진주체와 협력체계가 갖추어져 있지 않은 상황으로 이러한 과학기술 ICT 외교의 범부처와 민간을 아우르는 거버넌스 구축방안에 대한 연구가 필요함
나. 연구의 내용 및 범위
○ 연구 내용 및 범위는 과학기술외교 거버넌스의 이론적 배경 (제2장), 주요선진국들의 과학기술외교 거버넌스 현황 (제3장)과 우리나라 과학기술외교 거버넌스 체계 및 우리나라 과학기술 국제협력과 관련한 법령체계(제4장), 기존 해외사례 및 국내현황 조사, 전문가들의 정책 제언 등을 바탕으로 과학기술외교 거버넌스 개편을 위한 정책제언 제시(제5장)임
Abstract
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Issues related to science and technology such as climate change, biodiversity, energy, maritime issues, etc. are no longer issues of individual nations or regions, but become global issues. The importance of international cooperation, not just national-level efforts, has been on the rise in making e
Issues related to science and technology such as climate change, biodiversity, energy, maritime issues, etc. are no longer issues of individual nations or regions, but become global issues. The importance of international cooperation, not just national-level efforts, has been on the rise in making efforts to address such issues. Against this backdrop, the importance of negotiations based on evidence of science and technology, and the role of scientists as policy advisor have increased in proposing directions for international cooperation, budget allocation and problem solving.
The demand for ODA projects for developing countries has gradually shifted from large-sized projects in the past, focusing on the establishment of infrastructure and the provision of equipment, to the knowledge transfer of science and technology and the enhancement of competence of developing countries to innovate themselves. In addition, the attention toward Korea’s catch-up economic development system through the science and technology capacity building has significantly increased.
Given the fact that open systems for science and technology innovation have been developed globally in the 21st century, however, Korea lacks diplomatic activities for international cooperation in science and technology such as activities to enhance the national science and technology competence as well as the national brand image; expand its diplomatic effects; and contribute to exchanges in industries and trade expansion.
As Korea’s science and technology ODA has been conducted without a unified control tower, it has been difficult to connect activities from different organizations, such as large-sized science and technology infrastructure projects of the EDCF; KOICA’s projects for improving research systems such as establishing research institutes; and joint R&D projects of the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning. With this reason, the effects of knowledge transfer have not been fully achieved. Science and technology fields in Korea have only focused on international joint research programs without understanding international development cooperation, which shows their limits in contributing to development cooperation. On the other hand, development cooperation fields have conducted their projects without the connection with and the understanding of the unique nature of individual science and technology areas. This makes it difficult to professionally transfer the knowledge.
The lack of diplomatic activities utilizing science, technology and ICT is attributable to the absence of governance system for the diplomacy of these fields, and this, in turn, leads to unclear lines between execution bodies and cooperation systems. With this reason, it is required to conduct studies on the establishment of governance covering every public organization related to diplomatic activities of science, technology and ICT as well as the private sector.
This Study reviewed the theoretical background of the governance of science and technology diplomacy in Chapter 2. In Chapter 3, the current status of governance systems implemented by major advanced countries were reviewed through the literature research. In Chapter 4, Korea’s governance structure of science and technology diplomacy was reviewed. In Chapter 5, based on the reviews on overseas cases and Korea’s current status as well as recommendations from experts, policy suggestions were presented for restructuring the governance of science and technology diplomacy. For this Study, a task force team, comprised of experts in international cooperation in science and technology, was formed to review the current status and concerns and develop policy tasks in this field. Through these efforts, this Study aimed to enable Korea to become a global leader in the field of international cooperation for science and technology innovation, to establish effective networks for science and technology diplomacy and to strengthen ties with international organizations.
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