초록 ▼

우리나라의 해산어류양식은 넙치를 대상으로 한 육상수조식 양식이 약 50%를 차지하는 넙치 일변도의 육상 양식으로 과잉생산의 위험성뿐만 아니라 단일 품종화 되어 국내외적으로 경쟁력 저하를 초래할 수 있다. 따라서 현실적으로 새로운 양식 대상종의 개발이 절실히 요구되며 동시에 기호성이 높은 고급어종의 개발 보급이 시급한 실정이다.
가자미과(Pleuronectidae)에 속하는 줄가자미(Clidoderma asperrimum)는 지방함량이 많으며 쫄깃쫄깃 씹히는 맛과 혀로 느끼는 맛이 일품이라 미식가들 사이에서 겨울철 최고의 별미로

우리나라의 해산어류양식은 넙치를 대상으로 한 육상수조식 양식이 약 50%를 차지하는 넙치 일변도의 육상 양식으로 과잉생산의 위험성뿐만 아니라 단일 품종화 되어 국내외적으로 경쟁력 저하를 초래할 수 있다. 따라서 현실적으로 새로운 양식 대상종의 개발이 절실히 요구되며 동시에 기호성이 높은 고급어종의 개발 보급이 시급한 실정이다.
가자미과(Pleuronectidae)에 속하는 줄가자미(Clidoderma asperrimum)는 지방함량이 많으며 쫄깃쫄깃 씹히는 맛과 혀로 느끼는 맛이 일품이라 미식가들 사이에서 겨울철 최고의 별미로 알려져 있는 고가의 어종으로 종묘생산 기술이 개발되면 새로운 양식 대상종으로 중요한 위치를 차지 할 수 있는 동해안 심층 고부가가치 어종이다. 그러나 본종의 수정난 및 어린새끼 형태, 크기 등과 같은 생물학적 특성이나 초기생활사는 아직도 전혀 알려져 있지 않고 있어, 자원량이 현저하게 감소되어 있는 본종의 자원육성 대책 마련 및 양식기술개발에 큰 걸림돌이 되고 있다.
본 연구에서는 자연산 어미의 기능형태학적 특징과 순치사육기술을 개발하고, 이때까지 베일에 싸여 있던 본종의 인위적인 성 성숙 유도 방법과 세계 최초로 인공수정 및 부화를 성공하여 수정란 및 자치어의 형태학적·발생학적 특성과 적정 사육방법을 구명함으로서 줄가자미 인공종묘 생산 및 자원육성을 위한 기초자료를 확보하였다.
(출처:보고서 요약 4p)

Abstract ▼

IV. Results
Roughscal sole, Clidoderma asperrimum usually could be acclimated to artifical indoor culture conditions after 10 days moving from nature into culture systems. Because roughscale sole has morphologically a narrow throat, they preferred to have krills, brittle stars and polychaetes as

IV. Results
Roughscal sole, Clidoderma asperrimum usually could be acclimated to artifical indoor culture conditions after 10 days moving from nature into culture systems. Because roughscale sole has morphologically a narrow throat, they preferred to have krills, brittle stars and polychaetes as preferable foods. After successful acclimation for 30 days, roughscale sole grew fast with a 425 g average weight gain for 6 months (from initial weight 600±336 g to final weight 1,025±390 g).
From the morphological observation, roughscale sole has eyes in right sight ahead, rough dorsal scales, and white skins in blind sites. They have 14 abdominal vertebra, 29 caudal vertebra, 11~12 breaker, 79~90 dorsal fin ray, 12~15 pectoral fin ray, 6~7 pelvic fin ray, 61~68 anal fin ray, 18~20 caudal fin ray. Thus the numbers of dorsal and anal fin ray are much higher than other fish species in Pleuronectidae.
Maturation of female roughscale sole was effectively induced by LHRHa. The dose of sex hormone (estradiol-17ß) in blood for the treatment was about 4 times higher (1.78 ng/mL) than control (0.40 ng/mL). The gonad somatic index (GSI) for the treatment (1.4) was also higher than control (0.9~1.1). However, the dose of 17a and 20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one was not highly differed from one time treatment. So it seemed that one time treatment of LHRHa was not enough for maturation and ovulation of roughscale sole. The appropriate dose treatment of LHRHa was 100 μg/kg. LHRHa cholesterol pellet implantation is effective for inducing ovarian maturation and squizing eggs when compared injection and implantation of other hormone treatments in roughscale sole.
The successful artificial egg and sperm collecting was conducted from March 13th to June 24th in 2009 and the artificial fertilization was successfully accomplished for 9 times. The rates of fertilization and hatching were very low as rated 9.8~15.0% and 1.4-2.0%, respectively. The appropriate water temperature for spawning was considered between 10 to 14℃.
Fertilized eggs of the species, 1.42~1.52 mm (mean 1.47±0.03 mm) in diamater, were floating, colorless, transparent in shape and lacked in oil globules. The eggs bigger than starry flounder (1.09~1.19 mm) and stone flounder (1.01~1.04 mm) hatched out 187 hours after fertilization at water temperature 10℃. The hatching time of roughscale sole was longer than species in Pleuronectidae that have smaller egg diameters and differed according to the temperatures those for 235~269 hours at 7℃. 161~187 hours at 10℃, 119~139 hours 13℃ and 89~101 hours at 16℃. However, no hatching rate (0%) was found at 19℃. The size of the hatched larvae were 3.95~4.36 mm (mean 4.23±0.09 mm) in tota1 length (TL), their mouth and anus were not open yet. The line of apsides of yolk sac was 1.92±0.22 mm and short line was 1.08±0.03 mm. Melanophore and xanthophore appeared on the notochord, digestive organ and the margin of membrane fin, on the yolk sac and eyes were lacking in pigment cells. Four days after hatching the eyeball of larvae covered with melanophore and observed as block color. However, chromophore development in roughscale sole was slower than the same age of starry flounder. Six days after hatching the larvae attained 5.57 mm in TL, and their mouth was open. The line of apsides of yolk sac was 1.04 mm and short line was 0.45 mm. Seven days after hatching mouth was opened and the line of apsides of yolk sac was 0.75±0.04 mm and short line was 0.45±0.03 mm. Eight days after hatching larvae started to eat rotifers. Ten days after hatching the larvae 100ked with dark color, however much more transparent than the same size of starry flounder. The yolk sac was completely absorbed and was not observed 10 days after hatching. Feeding activity increased as the mouth became larger. Sixteen days after hatching the larvae attained 6.40-6.73 mm in TL, and started to eat Artemia. Until 30 days, the morphological development of larvae was very slow. At 30 days after hatching the subopercle of larvae was formed. At 47 days the left eye was started moving to the right side the head and completely moved onto right side at 72 day after hatching. The morphological shape of larvae at this time was almost same to that of juvenile.
Metabolic rate of roughscale sole for ammonia nitrogen and oxygen consumption can be used for culture and water management. Ammonia excretions both for post-feeding and resting metabolic ammonia excretion were increased according to water temperature. For roughscale sole weighed under 600 g, the post-feeding ammonia excretion ranged 6.7~8.2 mg-N/kg/h. The significantly higher post-feeding ammonia excretion was shown between 10℃ and 16℃. Resting metabolic ammonia excretion ranged 3.1~6.1 mg-N/kg/h. Resting metabolic ammonia excretions between temperatures of 10℃ and 16℃ were significantly different. The post-feeding ammonia excretions were higher than resting metabolic ammonia excretions as 2.2, 1.8 and 1.4 times at 10℃, 13℃ and 16℃, respectively.
For roughscale sole weighed upper 700 g, the post-feeding ammonia excretion ranged 6.0~7.9 mg-N/kg/h. The post-feeding ammonia excretion at 16 ℃ was significantly (P<0.05) higher than those at 10℃ and 13℃. Resting metabolic ammonia excretion ranged 2.8~5.2 mg/kg/h. The post-feeding ammonia excretions were higher than resting metabolic ammonia excretions as 2.1, 2.1 and 1.5 times at 10℃, 13℃ and 16℃, respectively. This means that the resting metabolic rates in lower temperature at 10℃ and 13 ℃ are lower than 16℃.
For roughscale sole weighed under 600 g, the post-feeding oxygen consumption ranged 111.8~186.2 mg-O₂/kg/h. These are higher than the resting metabolic oxygen consumption ranged 53.6~147.3 mg-O₂/kg/h. The resting metabolic oxygen consumption between at 16℃ (mean 147.3 O₂ mg/kg/h) and 10℃ (mean 53.6 mg-O₂/kg/h) and 13℃ (mean 99.3 mg-O₂/kg/h) were significantly different. The post-feeding oxygen consumption were higher than resting metabolic oxygen consumption as 2.1, 1.4 and 1.3 times at 10℃, 13℃ and 16℃, respectively.
For roughscale sole weighed upper 700 g, the resting metabolic oxygen consumption ranged 83.5~110.4 mg-O₂/kg/h. The resting metabolic oxygen consumption at 16 ℃ (mean 110.4 mg-O₂/kg/h) was higher than those at 10℃ (mean 83.5 mg-O₂/kg/h) and 13℃ (mean 87.4 mg-O₂/kg/h). The post-feeding oxygen consumptions were ranged 127.3~172. 6 mg-O₂/kg/h. The post-feeding oxygen consumptions at 16℃ was significantly highet than those at 10℃ and 13℃. The post-feeding oxygen consumption were higher than resting metabolic oxygen consumption as 1.6, 1.5 and 1.6 times at 10℃, 13℃ and 16℃, respectively.
(출처:SUMMARY 13~15p)

목차 Contents

• 표지 ... 1
• 제출문 ... 3
• 보고서 요약 ... 4
• 요약문 ... 6
• SUMMARY ... 12
• 목차 ... 18
• CONTENTS ... 19
• 그림목차 ... 20
• FIGURE LISTS ... 21
• 표목차 ... 22
• TABLE LISTS ... 23
• 제 1 장 연구개발 과제의 개요 ... 24
• 제 2 장 국내외 기술개 발 현황 ... 26
• 제 3 장 연구개발수행 내용 및 결과 ... 27
• 제 1 절 자연산 어미 순치 사육 및 기초형태학적 조사 ... 27
• 1. 자연산 어미 순치 사육 기술개발 ... 27
• 2. 기초 형태학적 연구 ... 29
• 제 2 절 성성숙 유도 및 인공채란 ... 33
• 1. 암컷의 LHRHa 주입에 의한 성숙 유도효과 ... 33
• 2. 수컷의 HCG 주 입에 의한 성숙 유도효과 ... 34
• 3. 인공채란 및 수정 ... 35
• 가. 2009년 인공채란 및 수정 ... 35
• 나. 2010년 인공채란 및 수정 ... 37
• 제 3 절 난 발생 및 초기생활사 ... 40
• 1. 난 발생 및 수온별 부화 실험 ... 40
• 2. 초기 생활사 연구를 위한 자치어 형태관찰 ... 43
• 가. 전기자어가 ... 43
• 나. 후기자어기 및 치어기 ... 45
• 3. 자치어 사육실험 및 먹이계열 조사 ... 46
• 제 4 절 줄가자미 대사량 측정 ... 48
• 1. 줄가자미 친어의 암모니아 배설량 ... 48
• 2. 줄가자미 친어의 산소소비량 ... 51
• 제 4 장 요약 및 결론 ... 55
• 제 5 장 연구개발 결과의 활용계획 ... 57
• 제 6 장 참고문헌 ... 58
• 끝페이지 ... 66