초록 ▼

Ⅰ. 서론
□ 조사의 배경과 목적
○ 최근 ‘낙태죄 폐지와 자연유산 유도약 합법화’에 대한 청와대 국민입법 청원이 23만 명을 넘어서면서 낙태1)는 다시 대국민의 관심사로 부상하였고, 청와대는 현행법과 현실의 괴리감을 지적하면서 인공임신중절실태조사를 통해 사회적 재논의 필요성을 제안
- 1953년 ｢형법｣ 제정 시 낙태는 범죄로 규정(제269조, 270조), 1973년 ｢모자보건법｣ 제정 시 인공임신중절의 예외적 조건(제14조1항)을 두어 낙태를 제한적으로 허용
- 이는 현행법의 예외적 조건 및 상황에 놓인 여

Ⅰ. 서론
□ 조사의 배경과 목적
○ 최근 ‘낙태죄 폐지와 자연유산 유도약 합법화’에 대한 청와대 국민입법 청원이 23만 명을 넘어서면서 낙태1)는 다시 대국민의 관심사로 부상하였고, 청와대는 현행법과 현실의 괴리감을 지적하면서 인공임신중절실태조사를 통해 사회적 재논의 필요성을 제안
- 1953년 ｢형법｣ 제정 시 낙태는 범죄로 규정(제269조, 270조), 1973년 ｢모자보건법｣ 제정 시 인공임신중절의 예외적 조건(제14조1항)을 두어 낙태를 제한적으로 허용
- 이는 현행법의 예외적 조건 및 상황에 놓인 여성의 자기결정권을 무시,낙태 책임을 여성에게 강요, 이로 인한 여성의 생명권 및 건강권 침해 등은 논외로 취급
○ 그 동안 정부차원에서 ‘인공임신중절실태조사’는 2005년과 2011년 두 차례 있었으나, 낙태 시술 건수 추정과 사유 파악 등에 초점을 두었을 뿐, 낙태죄로 인해 여성들이 경험하는 상황과 어려움에 대한 이해는 부족하였음.
또한 이번 낙태죄 폐지와 함께 청원된 유산 유도에 대한 여성들의 사용 실태 및 합법화 필요성에 관한 입장은 확인한 적이 없었음.
○ 낙태와 관련한 그 동안의 이분법적 논쟁에서 벗어나기 위해서라도, 여성들이 낙태죄로 인해 겪는 어려움과 안전･건강의 위협에 대한 이해가 필요함.
○ 따라서 본 조사는 낙태에 관한 여성들의 인식과 낙태 선택 및 경험 과정에서 낙태죄로 인해 겪었던 어려움과 그로 인한 안전과 건강의 문제를 파악하고,낙태죄 폐지 및 유산 유도약 합법화에 대한 입장을 수렴하여, 향후 관련연구 및 정책 방향에 근거로서 활용하는데 목적이 있음.

( 출처 : 연구요약 6p )

Abstract ▼

○ Aims and participants
- The purposes of this survey were to identify the women’s pros and cons of abolition of the abortion law and to examine the effect of abortion law on women’s abortion choices.
- The subjects of this survey were women who were between 16 and 44 years of age and who expe

○ Aims and participants
- The purposes of this survey were to identify the women’s pros and cons of abolition of the abortion law and to examine the effect of abortion law on women’s abortion choices.
- The subjects of this survey were women who were between 16 and 44 years of age and who experienced sexual intercourse. The survey included sensitive topics such as sexual intercourse, contraception, and abortion, was conducted online, and finally, 2,006 women participated in the survey.

○ Main Findings
■ Social awareness and influence on pregnancy and abortion
- Negative perception of abortion is more severe in Korean society than in respondents.
- Also, views to blame women over men are deeply rooted in society as a whole and in individuals.
■ Need to improve negative perceptions of Korean society regarding abortion
- 70% of the respondents felt worried or afraid of abortion because of the negative perception of our society on abortion.
- About 90% of all respondents said that there is a need to improve social negative perception of abortion.
■ Awareness and appropriateness of current abortion laws
- About 15% knew about punishment and acceptance criteria of Criminal Act and Maternal and Child Health Law, 68% heard but did not know, 17% did not know.
- 61% of the respondents said that the penalties and acceptance criteria of the Criminal Act and the Maternal and Child Health Act were inadequate.
■ Recognition of the problem situation caused by abortion
- It was recognized that abortion laws inevitably restrict women's choice of abortion, stigmatize women who choose abortion, and receive unsafe health services.
■ Pros and cons on the abolition of abortion and abortion drug legalization
- 77.3% of the respondents said they should abolish current abortion laws and 22.7% said they should keep current laws.
- In the case of the 456 persons who said that the abortion should be kept, 75.7% responded that abortion permission standards should be extended.
- 68.2% of the respondents were in favor of abortion drug legalization.
■ Fear of pregnancy and abortion due to sexual intercourse among pregnant non-experienced women
- Of the 952 women who had never had a pregnancy, 94% said they were afraid of being pregnant with their partner.
- 80% of the cases of fear of abortion due to the possibility of pregnancy, and 34% of them experienced ‘often’ or ‘frequently’ fear.
■ Reasons for considering abortion
- 29.6% of the respondents who experienced abortion or thought about abortion, but did not finally do it.
- The reason for choosing abortion was that it was not economically prepared(29.7%), followed by continuing education and work(20.2%), having enough children(11%), and so on.
- Only 1.1% of the reasons for abortion fall under the “maternal and child health law” acceptance criteria (legal), and the remaining 98.9% are non-applicable reasons. That is, it is illegal.
■ The impact of abortion laws and obtaining abortion-related information
- 54.5% and 44.8% of the 514 respondents were found to have been restricted in seeking professional counseling agencies and medical institutions due to abortion laws.
- Regarding the information needed for abortion selection process, 36.9% of the 593 respondents is abortion medical institution, 19.1% is abortion cost, 12.5% is abortion method, and 10.8% is abortion side effect.
■ Abortion methods and difficulties in the experience process
- 6.7% of the 435 respondents selected an abortion drug as an abortion method.
- Of the 408 women who visited abortion-enabled treatment facilities, 32.8% said that they did not have information on the procedure, and 20.8% said that the procedure cost was high. About 75% of the 408 aborted in the treatment facility responded that the institution was near the residence. And the rest were other areas.
- After experiencing abortion, only 21.6% had enough rest, and 35.3% did not take a proper rest or did not take any rest.
■ The perception of abortion experienced by aborted women and post-traumatic stress and peripheral consciousness
- There was a strong perception of ‘abortion’ as a negative experience, and 92.7% of them perceived it as a particularly sad and painful experience. 64.7% felt guilty after abortion, 54.5% tried not to talk about abortion, 53.6% said they still can not remember the day of abortion.
- 44.8% were afraid that someone would know about my abortion, and 32.2% answered that they would be abstained only by talking about abortion. As a result, there was a strong tendency to be aware of the surrounding people due to abortion.
- After abortion, 50% have experienced physical or mental symptoms, but less than 25% of those who have been treated.
■ Reasons to stop abortion and later life
- 171 considered abortion but did not actually abort. Of them, 7.6% said they did not choose abortion because they could be punished for an abortion.
- While maintaining pregnancy without considering abortion, more than half said that they had to give up their work/study or dreams. Indeed, the economic burden has increased, and stress and depression have been experienced.

○ policy suggestions
■ Need to actively review abolition of abortion
■ Need to legalize the abortion drugs
■ Provide practical support for pregnancy and abortion
■ Need to improve social awareness to condemn women and avoid male responsibility
■ Active contraceptive education based on Gender Sensitivity to prevent unplanned and unwanted pregnancies

( 출처 : Abstract 260p )

목차 Contents

• 표지 ... 1
• 발간사 ... 4
• 연구요약 ... 6
• 목차 ... 18
• 표목차 ... 20
• 그림목차 ... 21
• 부표목차 ... 25
• Ⅰ. 서 론 ... 30
• 1. 조사의 배경과 목적 ... 32
• 2. 조사 내용 및 방법 ... 33
• 가. 조사 내용 ... 33
• 나. 조사 방법 ... 34
• 3. 조사의 의의 및 한계 ... 35
• Ⅱ. 선행연구 고찰 ... 36
• 1. 선행연구의 조사 특징 ... 38
• 가. 조사 대상자 측면 ... 38
• 나. 조사 방법적 측면 ... 40
• 다. 조사 내용적 측면 ... 42
• 2. 조사 방향에 관한 시사점 ... 47
• Ⅲ. 임신중단(낙태) 인식 및 경험 조사･분석 ... 50
• 1. 조사 개요 ... 52
• 가. 조사 모집단 검토 ... 52
• 나. 모집단 및 표본추출 ... 53
• 다. 조사 방법 및 내용 ... 55
• 2. 조사 결과 ... 63
• 가. 응답자 특성 ... 63
• 나. 혼전 임신과 낙태에 관한 사회적 인식과 영향 ... 66
• 다. 현행 낙태 관련법 인지 및 낙태죄의 영향 ... 73
• 라. 낙태죄 폐지 및 유산 유도약 합법화 찬반 의견 ... 81
• 마. 임신 비경험자의 임신 가능성과 낙태에 대한 두려움 및 피임실천 ... 89
• 바. 낙태를 고려한 임신 당시 피임실천과 감정 및 파트너반응 ... 92
• 사. 낙태 고려 사유 및 낙태죄 영향 ... 99
• 아. 낙태 방법과 경험 과정에서의 어려움 ... 107
• 자. 낙태 경험과 후유증 ... 117
• 차. 임신 유지 이유와 이후의 삶 ... 130
• 3. 소결 ... 133
• Ⅳ. 정책과제 ... 138
• 1. 법･제도적 과제 ... 140
• 가. 낙태죄 폐지에 대한 적극적인 논의 필요 ... 140
• 나. 유산 유도약에 대한 안전성 검토 및 합법화 추진 필요 ... 142
• 다. 사회경제적 사유로 낙태를 고민하고 선택한 이들에 대한 실질적인 지원 방안 마련 ... 145
• 2. 사회적 과제 ... 146
• 가. 낙태를 선택한 여성에 대한 비난과 남성의 책임 회피를 묵인하는 사회적 인식 개선 필요 ... 146
• 나. 원치 않는 임신 및 낙태 예방을 위한 적극적인 피임 실천과 성인지적 성교육 강화 ... 147
• 참고문헌 ... 150
• 부록 ... 154
• 부록1. 조사 설문지 ... 156
• 부록2. 조사 결과표 ... 176
• Abstract ... 260
• 끝페이지 ... 266