초록 ▼

제주지역 월동채소 작물로 개발 가능성이 있는 방울다다기양배추 재배기술을 확립하기 위하여 제주지역 적응성이 강한 방울다다기양배추 품종 선발, 토양 종류별 시비 기준 설정, 병해충 방제 기술 등을 개발하였다. 제주지역에서 문제가 되고 있는 검은썩음병에 저항성이 강하면서 수량성이 높은 품종은 ‘브릴리언트’, ‘ABS1507-3’ 등이었으며, 작업의 효율성 및 수량성을 고려한 적정 재식거리는 70×40cm였다. 수확기계를 이용하였을 경우 수확시간은 단축되었으나 파손률이 높아 아직 실용 단계에는 접근하지 못하였다. 제주지역 화산회토에서 최적

제주지역 월동채소 작물로 개발 가능성이 있는 방울다다기양배추 재배기술을 확립하기 위하여 제주지역 적응성이 강한 방울다다기양배추 품종 선발, 토양 종류별 시비 기준 설정, 병해충 방제 기술 등을 개발하였다. 제주지역에서 문제가 되고 있는 검은썩음병에 저항성이 강하면서 수량성이 높은 품종은 ‘브릴리언트’, ‘ABS1507-3’ 등이었으며, 작업의 효율성 및 수량성을 고려한 적정 재식거리는 70×40cm였다. 수확기계를 이용하였을 경우 수확시간은 단축되었으나 파손률이 높아 아직 실용 단계에는 접근하지 못하였다. 제주지역 화산회토에서 최적 시비량은 N 32.3kg, P 6.7kg, K 12.3kg 이었으며, 비화산회토 지역에서 최적 시비량은 N 34.1kg, P 8.4kg, K 13.2kg 이었다. 방울다다기양배추에서 발생하는 병해충은 병 6종, 해충 14종으로 총 20종이 조사되었으며, 주요 병해로는 잘록병, 검은썩음병, 검은무늬병, 균핵병이었고 해충은 담배거세미나방, 도둑나방, 배추순나방 등이었다. 병해충 방제모델로 연 6회의 방제시기를 설정하였으며, 이를 이용해 농가실증시험을 진행한 결과 농가 관행방제에 비하여 생육에는 큰 차이가 없었으나 방제비용은 40~50%의 절감효과가 있었다.

(출처 : 요약서 3p)

Abstract ▼

Purpose&Contents
Development of stable production techniques to selection of suitable varieties for winter cultivation, to determination of the optimal fertilizer application for volcanic ash soil and non volcanic ash soil in Jeju area and to integrated pest management for brussels sprouts.

Purpose&Contents
Development of stable production techniques to selection of suitable varieties for winter cultivation, to determination of the optimal fertilizer application for volcanic ash soil and non volcanic ash soil in Jeju area and to integrated pest management for brussels sprouts.

Results
< Development of stable production techniques for overwinter cultivating brussels sprouts >
The Brussels sprout is a vegetable that likes a cool climate, structure formation is good at lower temperatures, and cold-resistance is lower than cabbage so Jeju region has suitable climatic conditions for growth than other areas. Since the 1980s, Brussels sprouts were a small-area crop cultivating around 2~3ha in the Jeju area. However, as functionality has recently become more prominent, consumption, import volume, and the cultivation area increased greatly. Although the cultivation area is increasing, there is little research on domestic cultivation technology and therefore, it is necessary to establish a systematic cultivation technology. This study was conducted in order to establish stable production technology for winter growing of Brussels sprouts in Jeju area, where a life test was conducted for the selection of suitable varieties for winter cultivation in Jeju area, the optimum rearing distance, and the labor force reduction effect according to the harvesting machine input.

For the selection of suitable varieties for winter cultivation in Jeju area, 12 varieties including ‘Brilliant’ were announced in 2016 and 2018, and the disease occurrence, growth and yield characteristics were compared at the end of August. After the planting, black rot started in the middle of the growing season and the ‘Frankline’ variety was the most severely affected. Black rot disease progressed to the bulb’s harvest time and 6 varieties such as ‘Brilliant’ showed moderate resistance and 6 varieties such as ‘Frankline’ showed sensitivity. During the peak season of growth, ‘Gusel’, ‘Churchill’ and ‘Green Angel’ were heavy, varieties such as ‘Green Angel’, ‘Baby Star’, ‘ABS1507-3’ demonstrated a tendency to have more than 80 leaves, and the purple variety ‘Red land’ had 29.4 leaves. The marketable yield per plant was the highest in the 'ABS1507-3' variety during the February harvest. The number of products per 10 was the highest in the 'ABS1507-3' variety, followed by 'Brilliant', and 'Churchill'. These results suggest that 'ABS1507-3' and 'Brilliant' varieties with low number of black rot disease occurrence and high number of products are suitable for winter cultivation in Jeju area.

In order to investigate the effect of planting distance of Brussels sprouts on growth and yield, row space was fixed 70cm and tests were conducted with 4 groups where distance between plants were 30 cm, 40 cm, 50 cm, and 60 cm. Upon harvest of the Brussels sprouts after 170 days from planting, the plant height, head height, and head diameter tended to increase with increasing planting distance. In addition, the marketable yield per plant increased with increased planting distance. However, as the planting distance decreased, the number of planting per 10a increased and the marketable yield per 10a was the highest at 70 * 30cm. However, there was no statistically significant difference between 70 * 40cm and 70 * 50cm. When considering the quantity and work efficiency for Brussels sprouts, it was found that the optimum planting distance is 70 * 40, 70 * 50cm. Using the mini-vegetable harvester developed from Jeju special self-governing provinces agricultural research & extension services, the method of hand harvesting, harvest time and loss rate of Brussels sprouts were investigated to clarify the effect of labor saving on harvesting time. The time required for harvesting the marketable yield of Brussels sprouts was 91% less than that for hand harvest, but the Brussels sprouts were injured on the blade of the harvesting machine resulting in a loss rate of 20.1% and it was necessary to compensate.

< Determination of the Amount of NPK Fertilizers on brussels sprouts cultivation considering soil characteristics of Jeju >
To calculate the optimal fertilizer application for volcanic ash soil and non volcanic ash soil in Jeju area, the Brilliant variety of Brussels sprouts were planted on September 3 at intervals of 70 x 40 cm. Fertilization rate was based on cabbage cultivation standard, where nitrogen fertilization levels were 0, 16, 32, 48, and 64kg/10a, Phosphoric acid 0, 5, 10, and 15kg/10a (volcanic ash soil 0, 6, 12, and 18kg/10a), Potassium 0, 18, 24, and 30kg/10a and no treatment.

Fertilizer was used where nitrogen was urea, phosphoric acid was fused phosphate, and potassium was potassium chloride. Depending on the throughput before harvesting, the ratios used for fertilizing were nitrogen fertilizer was base manure 35%, supplemental manuring was 35% and 30% which were distributed twice every 30 days, Phosphoric acid was in total base manure, and potassium was base manure 55% and 45% at first dose. In the volcanic ash soil area, investigation while harvesting the ground showed that plant height increased with nitrogen application rate and that there was no correlation between phosphorus and potassium fertilizers.

Yield was highest at 2,722kg/10a in nitrogen 48kg/10a. Using the quantity calculation formula to obtain the maximum quantity, nitrogen fertilizer was 46.1kg/10a, phosphoric fertilizer was 10.4kg/10a, and potassium fertilizer was 18.1kg/10a. The optimum fertilization rate according to yield and fertilizer utilization was N 32.3 kg, P 6.7 kg, and K 12.3 kg. In a non volcanic ash soil area, the plant height surveyed during the harvesting showed the maximum value at the nitrogen content of 32kg / 10a, and at the maximum dose of N, P, and K, there was a tendency for the plant length become rather smaller. Yield was the highest at 2,313kg/10a at 48kg/10a of nitrogen. Using the quantity calculation formula to obtain the maximum quantity, nitrogen application rate was 46.1kg/10a, phosphoric acid application rate was 12.5kg/10a, and potassium application rate was 18.1kg/10a. In a non volcanic ash soil area, the optimum fertilizer application rates were N 34.1kg, P 8.4kg, and K 13.2kg based on yield and fertilizer utilization.

< Development of integrated pest management for brussels sprouts >
In order to develop integrated pest management technology for winter cultivation of Brussels sprouts, research on the occurrence and control of pests was carried out from year 2016 to 2018. A total of 20 species where 6 species of disease and 14 species of insect pests were carried in Brussels sprouts. The major diseases were Rhizoctonia solani , Xanthomonas campestris, Alternaria brassicaeand Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and the insect pests were Spodoptera litura, Mamestra brassicae, Hellula undalis, and etcetera. As a result of the development of pest control technology, 10 kinds of crop protection agents were used for 5 major pests, where Cyantraniliprole OD and Emamectin benzoate EC demonstrated a high control effect against most pests and seemed possible to apply to various insects at the same time. The pest control model was set up six times a year, and results of this test demonstrated that there was no significant difference in growth compared to conventional farmer control practices, but the cost to control was reduced by 40 ∼ 50%.

Expected Contribution
Expansion of cultivation area through development of stable production techniques for overwinter cultivating brussels sprouts.

(출처 : Summary 7p)