초록 ▼

파파야는 시설재배를 위한 품종 선발(‘레드레이디’), 삽목번식 방법, 무가온 시설재배를 위한 주간형 수형, 그리고 수분방법(인공, 꿀벌) 선발, 중부지역의 파파야 정식 시기선발(4월 30일 이후) , 육묘용기 선발(32공), N–P-K : 30-30-30 시비량, 종자발아를 위한 침종시간(5시간)을 구명하였다. 여주는 11∼1월과 6월 단경기 생산을 위한 품종별 평가와 화분저장온도(–45℃이하)를 구명하였다. 북부 고랭지에서 루바브 생산을 위한 품종선발(‘빅토리아’)과 육묘 및 재배에 대한 연구, 중북부지역에서 차요테 어린순 생산을

파파야는 시설재배를 위한 품종 선발(‘레드레이디’), 삽목번식 방법, 무가온 시설재배를 위한 주간형 수형, 그리고 수분방법(인공, 꿀벌) 선발, 중부지역의 파파야 정식 시기선발(4월 30일 이후) , 육묘용기 선발(32공), N–P-K : 30-30-30 시비량, 종자발아를 위한 침종시간(5시간)을 구명하였다. 여주는 11∼1월과 6월 단경기 생산을 위한 품종별 평가와 화분저장온도(–45℃이하)를 구명하였다. 북부 고랭지에서 루바브 생산을 위한 품종선발(‘빅토리아’)과 육묘 및 재배에 대한 연구, 중북부지역에서 차요테 어린순 생산을 위한 파종시기와 재배기술, 중남부지역에서의 얌빈에 대한 파종적기와 재배방식, 생육관리 방법, 그리고 채종기술과 시비기술을 구명하였다. 아열대작물 이용기술에서는 파파야, 루바브를 이용한 레시피를 개발하고 기술이전과 요리시연회를 실시하였으며 현장평가회와 대국민 홍보를 실시하였다.

(출처 : 요약서 4p)

Abstract ▼

Purpose &Contents
New subtropical vegetables in response to climate change were conducted to develop provincial-suitable cultivation techniques and application methods for consumers in Korea. Six crops introduced including Papaya, Bitter gourd, Sugar beet, Rhubarb, Chayote, and Yam bean were cult

Purpose &Contents
New subtropical vegetables in response to climate change were conducted to develop provincial-suitable cultivation techniques and application methods for consumers in Korea. Six crops introduced including Papaya, Bitter gourd, Sugar beet, Rhubarb, Chayote, and Yam bean were cultivated for adaption and stable production technique developing in north area, middle area, south area, and Jeju in South Korea.

Papaya was carried out analysis of varieties characteristics, develop cutting method for propagation, evaluate on the low tree-form culture, and develop pollination method for stable production in a un-heated vinyl-house in Jeju Island.

Bitter gourd was carried out to evaluate the growth and fruit characteristics on varieties for off-season production in the mild temperature of Jeju. The pollen was investigated to determined optimal storage temperature during winter-season pollination.

Varieties of sugar beet were evaluated the growth and fruit characteristics for overwintering cultivation. Sugar beet also was investigate effect of nursery period and block size on growth and yield. Planting time of seedling was investigated to select optimal time for high quality root production in sugar beet.

Rhubarb was conducted to investigate the cultivation adaptabilities in northern highland area. We tried to investigated which one is a better place for rhubarb production between Chuncheon and Taebaek. Pinching method was to find the increasing method of leaf yield in rhubarb. We tried to evaluate for the selection of a good variety, for finding the optimum planting distance, and for shading effect.

In order to production of the fresh young leaves in chayote in middle area of Korea, established of optimum sowing time for fresh sprout production, development of tunnel covering method for early production, selection of properly planting distance, development of harvest deadline extension technique and development of resetting the proper shading method for prevent summer stress.

For new income in the central area of Korea, payaya was conducted to develop an optimum planting time for seedlings and select a dwarf variety, and develop fertilizing technique and seed germination technique in a non-heated greenhouse system

Yam bean was carried out to develop cultivation technology for specialization in mid-southern region. For that, we tried to establish the proper sowing time, the cultivation type and growth management method. In addition, the effects of various organic fertilizers as basic fertilization and several potassium fertilizers as additional fertilizer on growth and yield of yam bean were investigated.

We also conducted to evaluate functional materials and to develop their utilization technology in subtropical vegetables. The function of subtropical vegetables was tested by DPPH antioxidant test and a recipe was developed for subtropical vegetables. A dish using subtropical vegetables was developed and a recipe using the optimal cooking method was derived using the reaction surface test method to investigate the antioxidant level of the food. The promotion of newspaper articles and broadcasting was carried out to distribute subtropical vegetables. We tried to investigate subtropical vegetables in foreign countries and examined how to utilize the processed foods.
Subjectivity analysis was conducted with ‘FGI’, a group of experts, to identify the perception and future utilization of subtropical vegetables. A new recipe using subtropical vegetables was applied to industrial sites by technology transfer to restaurants.

Results
In the evaluation among 10 Carica papaya varieties in Jeju, 'Red Lady' was selected as a good variety for the high yield, product rate and preference. The fruit of immature green papaya had higher inorganic components content such as K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, and Cu than those of ripen fruit. In cutting method for propagation, the scion with one leaf in June was the best survival rate and rooting rate. A central leader system was a good training system for papaya cv. 'Red Lady'. We suggest that the hand or honey bee pollination be needed to cultivate of 'Red Lady' in a non-heated greenhouse culture.

Production of bitter gourd was not appropriated due to the low yield and high cost during winter season. To yield in off-season(from late May) in Jeju Island, the optimum transplanting time to field was mid-March and pistillate flowers bloomed fully on 72 days after planting. The number and weight of harvested fruit were the highest in ‘Imperial’ cultivar, the ratio of marketable fruits was also the highest. In order to enhance fruiting in low temperature, it was effective to preserve anther solely with exception of other organ such as petal and pistil below–45℃.

Although the seedling of Sugar beet was well-grown as prolong period of seedling and as enlarge pot size, fresh weight of root was low and formed many later roots after transplanting to field. The optimum transplanting time to field was the mid-August.

The growth of young stage was fast and Cercospora leaf spot occurred less in introduced species from Turkey. Compared to others, a variety from Turkey was more appropriate to cultivate domestically.

It showed a high root weight and a high sugar content over 20 °Brix when it was harvested at next February. Therefore, we suggest that sugar beet cv. ’Turkey’ was a good variety in the black volcanic ash soil in eastern Jeju.

In rhubarb culture in northern highland area, the average germination rate by region of rhubarb was 83.3% in Chuncheon and 88.4% in Taebaek. Germination rates of varieties were more than 90% in ‘Victoria’ and ‘Champagne’. It was impossible to grow normally in Chuncheon due to high summer temperatures. It was possible to increase the number of leaf by pinching early in the peduncle of rhubarb. In the third year yields of rhubarb cultivation, ‘Victoria’ was the highest at 2,428kg/10a, ‘Early Red’ was the highest at 2,345kg, and ‘Glaskin’ was the lowest at 1,048.8kg. The seedling quality and the post-plant growth were good in the tray of 162 holes during the seedling of rhubarb. The quality and yield were high when the planting distance of rhubarb was 90 × 50cm. The shading treatment for softening cultivation of rhubarb was poor in all treatments due to the high temperature.

To selection of planting distance for chayote cultivation in middle area of Korea, the fresh young leaf production tended to increase rapidly as the planting distance was narrow. Optimum sowing time for young leaf production was from late March from early April in unheated plastic house.
Single tunnel covering system was suitable for fruit yield and economic efficiency like installation effort. In relation to extended growth time, root zone heating using the solar surplus heat at the early growth stage showed the best effect for increasing in young shoots and fruit production. In the summer season, 55% shading was appropriate for overcome the high temperature.

In un-heated vinyl-house cultivation for green papaya production in central area of Korea, planting after 30th April was the highest survival rate and yield. ‘Okitengu’ and ‘Red Lady’ as dwarf variety had higher yield, ‘Red Lady’ was selected with good shape finally. Optimum sowing time for planting in late April was 26th December with tall and proximal diameter. The 32 porous tray as seedling tray for nursery showed the highest yield both in 2018 and 2019. As fertilizer, 100% treatment (N-P-K : 30-30-30㎏/10a) showed the highest yield.
Seed soaking time for improvement of germination rate was the highest at 87.5% in 5 times soaking. Storage temperature and period for seed dormancy breaking after seed-harvesting were higher in dry treatment for 4 days at low temperature then that of room temperature.

For Yam bean cultivation in mid-southern Korea, the proper sowing time of early maturing cultivar was mid-May or late-May, and limiting time for sowing was mid-June. And, it was suitable for cultivating system to sow seeds in 2∼5 rows at intervals of 25cm and to cultivate in creeping type without supporting stand. In case of medium maturing cultivar, the proper sowing time was early-May or mid-May, and limiting time was June 5th. And it was suitable for cultivating system to sow seeds in two rows at intervals of 30cm and to cultivate in staking type using supporting stand and net. It was appropriate to carry out defloration twice from the end of July to August to increase commercial yield of yam bean and to reduce efforts. Seedpods of yam bean that were collected after mid-October and post-matured for more than 30 days was possible to use as seeds for self-production. When organic fertilizer was used instead of chemical fertilizer as basal fertilizers for cultivation of yam bean, it was appropriate to use the mixed-expeller cake and livestock compost together. In the foliar application of several potassium fertilizers, 0.5% potassium sulfate was effective in tuber hypertrophy.

In functional materials evaluation and development of their utilization technology in subtropical vegetables, we developed Papaya-Kakdugi, Papaya-Leaf Powder Chocolate, Rhubarb-Jam and Rhubarb-Seolgyteok. Papaya-Kakdugi in preference evaluation shows 6.31 in total and the DPPH activity was higher 1.4 times at 38.4% than that of Beet-Kakdugi.

Total preference and DPPH activity on Papaya Leaf Powder Chocolate were 6.43 and 73.6%, respectively. The optimized recipe of Rhubarb jam was made up of rhubarb 347.96g and 318.27g of sugar. Total preference and DPPH activity were 6.15 and 37.9%, respectively. It was 1.2 times higher in antioxidant activity than that of Strawberry-jam.

The optimized recipe for Rhubarb-Seolgyteok was made up of 64 grams of syrup and 43.3 grams of pulp. Its total preference and DPPH activity were 5.20 and 14.5%, respectively. Rhubarb-Seolgyteok showed a very high level of antioxidant than original Seolgyteok.

Our results were introduced regularly to newspapers from 2017 to 2018. KBS program "Keep the Our Food Table", aired in February 2019, introduced our subtropical vegetable dishes like Papaya-Kakdugi, Okra-fried rice, Rhubarb tart, Yam bean soup, Passion fruit juice, Water-convolvulus pasta, and Chayote-JJangachi. Processed foods using foreign subtropical vegetables were investigated and information was provided to the processing industry using domestic subtropical vegetables. In FGI and Q test of experts, the results showed that subtropical vegetable was recognized four types: delicious and healthy crops, limited use due to lack of publicity, low interest, and active receptors. Our recipes made by subtropical vegetables were applied to industrial sites by technology transfer.

Expected Contribution
○ Development of the provincial-optimized cultivation techniques of subtropical vegetables including papaya, bitter gourd, sugar beet, Rhubarb, Chayote, and Yam bean.
○ Improving of farmer’s income by the stable production and consumption of new crops in response to climate change.
○ Leading the future national food industry by development a new functional food using subtropical vegetables

(출처 : Summary 8p)

목차 Contents

• 표지 ... 1
• 제 출 문 ... 2
• 보고서 요약서 ... 4
• 국 문 요 약 문 ... 5
• Summary ... 8
• 목차 ... 13
• 제 1 장 연구 개발 과제의 개요 ... 14
• 제1절 연구개발 목적 ... 14
• 제2절 연구개발의 필요성 ... 14
• 제3절 연구 개발 범위 ... 17
• 제 2 장 연구 수행 내용 및 결과 ... 19
• 제1절 제주지역 채소용 파파야 특성평가 및 안정생산 기술 개발 ... 19
• 제2절 난지적응 월동재배 기술 개발(여주, 사탕무) ... 41
• 제3절 고랭지 루버브 특성화 재배기술 개발 ... 62
• 제4절 중부지역 차요테 특성화 재배기술 개발 ... 76
• 제5절 중부지역 파파야 특성화 재배기술 개발 ... 97
• 제6절 중남부지역 얌빈 특성화 재배기술 개발 ... 113
• 제7절 도입아열대채소의기능성소재개발및용도다양화 연구 ... 141
• 제 3 장 목표달성도 및 관련분야 기여도 ... 168
• 제1절 목표대비 달성도 ... 168
• 제2절 정량적 성과(논문게재, 특허출원, 기타)를 기술 ... 169
• 제 4 장 연구 결과의 활용 계획 ... 169
• 제 5 장 연구 개발 결과의 보안 등급 ... 170
• 제 6 장 연구시설·장비종합정보시스템에 등록한 연구시설·장비 현황 ... 170
• 제 7 장 연구개발과제의 대표적 연구실적 ... 170
• 제 8 장 기타사항 ... 171
• 제 9 장 참고문헌 ... 174
• 끝페이지 ... 181