This study deals with the effects on English pronunciation exerted from Korean consonantal phonemic system and phonological rules. Korean students often mispronunce English words caused by transferring their native language patterns. Those mispronunciations are classified into three major groups; Th...
This study deals with the effects on English pronunciation exerted from Korean consonantal phonemic system and phonological rules. Korean students often mispronunce English words caused by transferring their native language patterns. Those mispronunciations are classified into three major groups; The first is the mispronunciation caused by differences in English and Korean consonantal phonemic system. The second is those caused by differences in English and Korean syllabic structures. And the last is those caused by differences in English and Korean phonological rules. English stops /p, t, k/ differ from Korean stops /p, t, k/, /p^h, t^h, k^h/, /p', t', k'/. English [p^h, t^h, k^h], [p',t',k'], [□, □, □] are the allophones which are vulnerable to changeable environment, but Korean /p, t, k/, /p^h, t^h, k^h/, /p', t', k'/ are independent phonemes. We can attribute their common errors in the course of learning English to the transfer from Korean consonantal system. Especially English unaspirated stops [p', t', k'] are often pronounced strongly aspirated [p^h, t^h, k^h] by the respondents (70% errors in 'sport', 85% in 'stayed' and 95% in 'skating'). And English fricatives /f, v, θ, ð, z, □, □/ are the sounds that Korean doesn't have at all. So many Korean students substitute similar Korean phonemes such as /p^h, p, s', t, □, s, □/ (60% errors in 'different', 90% in 'very', 55% in 'three', 70% in 'them', 15% in 'zoo', 35% in 'fresh', 60% in 'television'). Korean /□□, □/ are substituted for English palato-alveolar affricates /□, □/ (55% in 'China' and 75% in 'village'). English liquids /r, l/ give insurmountable difficulties for the Korean students. /r/ and /l/ are the individual phonemes in English but they are the allophones in Korean. So many students mispronounce them (70% errors in pronouncing [r], instead of [l] in 'problem', 65% errors in pronouncing [l] instead [r] in 'rocket'). The typical English syllabic structures are epitomized as C³VC⁴. And they allow three consonants in the onset, while four in the coda. On the other hand Korean syllabic structures are epitomized as CVC. So the Korean students often insert the sounds [□] or [□] (75% errors in 'Ted's', 90% in 'suddenly' and 80% in 'problem'). The distinctive features from Korean phonological rules are the nasalizations of assimilations by which stops transform into nasals before nasals (55% errors in pronouncing [ŋ] instead of [k] in 'look like') and the lateralizations which the stop /t/ or nasal /n/ sounds change into /l/ before liquid /l/ (65% errors in pronouncing [l] or [r] instead of [n] in 'all night', 70% errors in pronouncing [l] instead of [t] in 'At last'). There is some tensification from habits of Korean phonological rules (65% errors in pronouncing [p'] instead of [b]). There are also errors in applying palatalization (75% errors in pronouncing [punnju□r] instead of [put ju□r] or [pu□u□r] in 'put your').
This study deals with the effects on English pronunciation exerted from Korean consonantal phonemic system and phonological rules. Korean students often mispronunce English words caused by transferring their native language patterns. Those mispronunciations are classified into three major groups; The first is the mispronunciation caused by differences in English and Korean consonantal phonemic system. The second is those caused by differences in English and Korean syllabic structures. And the last is those caused by differences in English and Korean phonological rules. English stops /p, t, k/ differ from Korean stops /p, t, k/, /p^h, t^h, k^h/, /p', t', k'/. English [p^h, t^h, k^h], [p',t',k'], [□, □, □] are the allophones which are vulnerable to changeable environment, but Korean /p, t, k/, /p^h, t^h, k^h/, /p', t', k'/ are independent phonemes. We can attribute their common errors in the course of learning English to the transfer from Korean consonantal system. Especially English unaspirated stops [p', t', k'] are often pronounced strongly aspirated [p^h, t^h, k^h] by the respondents (70% errors in 'sport', 85% in 'stayed' and 95% in 'skating'). And English fricatives /f, v, θ, ð, z, □, □/ are the sounds that Korean doesn't have at all. So many Korean students substitute similar Korean phonemes such as /p^h, p, s', t, □, s, □/ (60% errors in 'different', 90% in 'very', 55% in 'three', 70% in 'them', 15% in 'zoo', 35% in 'fresh', 60% in 'television'). Korean /□□, □/ are substituted for English palato-alveolar affricates /□, □/ (55% in 'China' and 75% in 'village'). English liquids /r, l/ give insurmountable difficulties for the Korean students. /r/ and /l/ are the individual phonemes in English but they are the allophones in Korean. So many students mispronounce them (70% errors in pronouncing [r], instead of [l] in 'problem', 65% errors in pronouncing [l] instead [r] in 'rocket'). The typical English syllabic structures are epitomized as C³VC⁴. And they allow three consonants in the onset, while four in the coda. On the other hand Korean syllabic structures are epitomized as CVC. So the Korean students often insert the sounds [□] or [□] (75% errors in 'Ted's', 90% in 'suddenly' and 80% in 'problem'). The distinctive features from Korean phonological rules are the nasalizations of assimilations by which stops transform into nasals before nasals (55% errors in pronouncing [ŋ] instead of [k] in 'look like') and the lateralizations which the stop /t/ or nasal /n/ sounds change into /l/ before liquid /l/ (65% errors in pronouncing [l] or [r] instead of [n] in 'all night', 70% errors in pronouncing [l] instead of [t] in 'At last'). There is some tensification from habits of Korean phonological rules (65% errors in pronouncing [p'] instead of [b]). There are also errors in applying palatalization (75% errors in pronouncing [punnju□r] instead of [put ju□r] or [pu□u□r] in 'put your').
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#한국어 음소체계 음운규칙 영어발음
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