1. Purpose and Methods of this study
The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of collaborative research network between university and Government-supported Research Institute(GSRI) and to interpret the results of analysis. This study consists of three research questions. ...
1. Purpose and Methods of this study
The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of collaborative research network between university and Government-supported Research Institute(GSRI) and to interpret the results of analysis. This study consists of three research questions. First, what kinds of theory can explain collaborative research network between university and GSRI and what are the characteristics of effective network derived from them? Second, what is the effective research method to analyze the characteristics of collaborative research network between university and GSRI, and what are the characteristics of the network analyzed with it? Third, if analyzed characteristics of collaborative research network between university and GSRI don't match those of the effective network derived from theoretical discussions, how can its reasons be explained?
This study divides collaborative research network between university and GSRI into three categories such as whole network, the network of each research council(Korea Research Council for Industrial Science & Technology: ISTK, Korea Research Council of Fundamental Science & Technology: KRCF), each network of 6T. In addition to it, the characteristics of each network is categorized into structure and content.
Three research methods are used in this study: Literature Research, Social Network Analysis(SNA), Survey Research. Main data to analyze the characteristics of collaborative research network between university and GSRI is acquired from National Science and Technology Information Service(NTIS), each research council and GSRIs. It includes information on collaborative research project between university and GSRI as a part of National R&D Programs from 2005 to 2007.
2. Results of this study
1) Prerequisites of effective collaborative research network between university and GSRI
This study derives the characteristics of structure and content of effective collaborative research network between university and GSRI based on National Innovation System, Open Innovation, theory on social capital viewed from Social Network Perspective. In terms of structure, high openness, high activation level, the low concentration ratio is required. In terms of content, the high basic research ratio and the high research ratio related to public welfare is needed.
2) Analysis of the characteristics of collaborative research network between university and GSRI
This study measures openness of network with diversity of organizations composing network and network size. It also measures network activation level with degree, tie strength, and density. In addition to it, it measures the network concentration ratio with centrality and centralization. On the other hand, it analyzes the characteristics of network content with the ratio of each R&D stages(basic, applied, and development stage), technology life cycle(TLC), and the research ratio related to public welfare. The results of analysis can be briefly explained as below.
First, whole network features very low openness and the activation ratio whereas the concentration ratio is very high. In addition, the basic research ratio and the research ratio related to public welfare is very low. Especially, the network participation of Korean colleges and local universities is limited and its structure shows that only a few organizations are strongly connected with each other. In conclusion, the characteristics of the whole network differ from prerequisites of effective network. Second, openness and the activation ratio of KRCF network is slightly high compared with ISTK network but the difference is not significant. Whereas KRCF network shows the higher basic research ratio and the research ratio related to public welfare than ISTK network, which makes these two networks different. However, both networks can not be evaluated as effective ones considering the fact that ratios measured are absolutely low. In particular, it should be fundamentally considered whether the current system of research councils categorization is appropriate or not. Third, collaborative research networks between university and GSRI of each 6T show significantly different characteristics. BT network has the characteristics as the most effective network of 6T. Whereas IT network can not be evaluated as the effective one despite highest investment in IT and collaborative research between university and GSRI is hardly conducted in the field of CT.
3) Interpretation of analysis results of the characteristics of collaborative research network between university and GSRI
This study interprets analysis results of the characteristics of network by literature research and survey research conducted with GSRI researchers. The survey results are as below. First, GSRI regards researchers' objective research performance, reputation, and experiences of collaborative research with GSRI as important factors when choosing a university as a partner of collaborative research. Second, what discourages GSRI's collaborative research with Korean colleges and with local universities can be a lack of trust, a lack of information on research capability and search for proper researchers. Third, what discourages collaborative research network between university and GSRI in the field of CT can be the lack of numbers of GSRI related to CT and the lack of projects financially supported by government. Fourth, the most respondents point out the nature of IT as the factor to discourage collaborative research network between university and GSRI in the field of IT. Fifth, what discourages collaborative research network between university and GSRI in the basic research stage can be the lack of projects financially supported by government and GSRI's researching environment focusing on short-term outcome. Sixth, what discourages collaborative research related to public welfare can be R&D investment excessively distributed to research related to industrial production and technology. It is also said that industrial production and technology is relatively important in terms of the current economic development.
3. Implications of this study
First, this study is differentiated from existing studies considering that it deeply investigates theories on collaborative research between university and GSRI such as NIS, Open Innovation, theory on social capital viewed from Social Network Perspective. Second, this study is differentiated from existing ones because it shows that SNA is the effective methodology for examining the overall characteristics of collaborative research network between university and GSRI. Third, this study is differentiated from exsiting studies that have investigated cooperation between university and GSRI in a comprehensive way because it analyzes its characteristics in detail by conceptualizing it as a social network and dividing collaborative research network between university and GSRI into whole network, research council network, and 6T network, and then categorizing the characteristics of each network into structure and content.
1. Purpose and Methods of this study
The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of collaborative research network between university and Government-supported Research Institute(GSRI) and to interpret the results of analysis. This study consists of three research questions. First, what kinds of theory can explain collaborative research network between university and GSRI and what are the characteristics of effective network derived from them? Second, what is the effective research method to analyze the characteristics of collaborative research network between university and GSRI, and what are the characteristics of the network analyzed with it? Third, if analyzed characteristics of collaborative research network between university and GSRI don't match those of the effective network derived from theoretical discussions, how can its reasons be explained?
This study divides collaborative research network between university and GSRI into three categories such as whole network, the network of each research council(Korea Research Council for Industrial Science & Technology: ISTK, Korea Research Council of Fundamental Science & Technology: KRCF), each network of 6T. In addition to it, the characteristics of each network is categorized into structure and content.
Three research methods are used in this study: Literature Research, Social Network Analysis(SNA), Survey Research. Main data to analyze the characteristics of collaborative research network between university and GSRI is acquired from National Science and Technology Information Service(NTIS), each research council and GSRIs. It includes information on collaborative research project between university and GSRI as a part of National R&D Programs from 2005 to 2007.
2. Results of this study
1) Prerequisites of effective collaborative research network between university and GSRI
This study derives the characteristics of structure and content of effective collaborative research network between university and GSRI based on National Innovation System, Open Innovation, theory on social capital viewed from Social Network Perspective. In terms of structure, high openness, high activation level, the low concentration ratio is required. In terms of content, the high basic research ratio and the high research ratio related to public welfare is needed.
2) Analysis of the characteristics of collaborative research network between university and GSRI
This study measures openness of network with diversity of organizations composing network and network size. It also measures network activation level with degree, tie strength, and density. In addition to it, it measures the network concentration ratio with centrality and centralization. On the other hand, it analyzes the characteristics of network content with the ratio of each R&D stages(basic, applied, and development stage), technology life cycle(TLC), and the research ratio related to public welfare. The results of analysis can be briefly explained as below.
First, whole network features very low openness and the activation ratio whereas the concentration ratio is very high. In addition, the basic research ratio and the research ratio related to public welfare is very low. Especially, the network participation of Korean colleges and local universities is limited and its structure shows that only a few organizations are strongly connected with each other. In conclusion, the characteristics of the whole network differ from prerequisites of effective network. Second, openness and the activation ratio of KRCF network is slightly high compared with ISTK network but the difference is not significant. Whereas KRCF network shows the higher basic research ratio and the research ratio related to public welfare than ISTK network, which makes these two networks different. However, both networks can not be evaluated as effective ones considering the fact that ratios measured are absolutely low. In particular, it should be fundamentally considered whether the current system of research councils categorization is appropriate or not. Third, collaborative research networks between university and GSRI of each 6T show significantly different characteristics. BT network has the characteristics as the most effective network of 6T. Whereas IT network can not be evaluated as the effective one despite highest investment in IT and collaborative research between university and GSRI is hardly conducted in the field of CT.
3) Interpretation of analysis results of the characteristics of collaborative research network between university and GSRI
This study interprets analysis results of the characteristics of network by literature research and survey research conducted with GSRI researchers. The survey results are as below. First, GSRI regards researchers' objective research performance, reputation, and experiences of collaborative research with GSRI as important factors when choosing a university as a partner of collaborative research. Second, what discourages GSRI's collaborative research with Korean colleges and with local universities can be a lack of trust, a lack of information on research capability and search for proper researchers. Third, what discourages collaborative research network between university and GSRI in the field of CT can be the lack of numbers of GSRI related to CT and the lack of projects financially supported by government. Fourth, the most respondents point out the nature of IT as the factor to discourage collaborative research network between university and GSRI in the field of IT. Fifth, what discourages collaborative research network between university and GSRI in the basic research stage can be the lack of projects financially supported by government and GSRI's researching environment focusing on short-term outcome. Sixth, what discourages collaborative research related to public welfare can be R&D investment excessively distributed to research related to industrial production and technology. It is also said that industrial production and technology is relatively important in terms of the current economic development.
3. Implications of this study
First, this study is differentiated from existing studies considering that it deeply investigates theories on collaborative research between university and GSRI such as NIS, Open Innovation, theory on social capital viewed from Social Network Perspective. Second, this study is differentiated from existing ones because it shows that SNA is the effective methodology for examining the overall characteristics of collaborative research network between university and GSRI. Third, this study is differentiated from exsiting studies that have investigated cooperation between university and GSRI in a comprehensive way because it analyzes its characteristics in detail by conceptualizing it as a social network and dividing collaborative research network between university and GSRI into whole network, research council network, and 6T network, and then categorizing the characteristics of each network into structure and content.
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