Along with continuing needs for rest and healing of modern people, ecology and superb natural landscape of natural parks have attracted widespread attention. Especially, educational nature sites which function for both education and rest in national park play a critical role in educating the importa...
Along with continuing needs for rest and healing of modern people, ecology and superb natural landscape of natural parks have attracted widespread attention. Especially, educational nature sites which function for both education and rest in national park play a critical role in educating the importance of nature and ecology for adolescents. Since there are no specific guidelines for educational facilities and nature sites in national parks, suggestion of specific planning guidelines will make educational nature sites to accomplish its own functions such as protection of ecology and nature resource in national parks and eco-educational sites for the next generation. Thus, in order to establish eco-friendly educational nature sites in national parks, this study was arranged for each order as follows. First, this study investigated the present status, definitions, regulations, types, and characteristics of national park and facilities to define educational nature site in national parks. Additionally, this study suggested definition of educational nature site in national parks as "a kind of cultural facilities to teach the importance of nature and ecology mainly focusing on nature protection for the next generation as educational site designed for resting people and educating environment by analyzing the definition of arboretum and natural recreation forest which are similar to educational nature site in size and function. Second, this study suggested detailed standards including space arrangement, size, and type of nature classroom's facilities through case study of six educational nature site in national parks, local and Korea Forest Service governed arboretums and four natural recreation forests. Third, the guidelines of eco-friendly educational nature sites in national park were classified into location selection, site arrangement planning, architectural planning, and eco-environment planning and established according to analysis of trends by applying planning guidelines for constructing nature classroom at Hwayang-dong in Sokrisan national park on a trial basis. On the basis of above study, guidelines for eco-friendly educational nature sites in national park were suggested by classifying location selection, site arrangement planning, architectural planning, and eco-environment planning as follows. First, location selection should consider zoning district establishment criteria, constraints of authorization and permission, conservation and restoration of park resources, efficiency of infrastructures, ease of use for project implementation, utilization of park resources, and interrelationship of local socialization. Second, in regards to site arrangement planning, three factors such as building area estimation including building coverage ratio, slope configuration, and aspect of building should be considered after analysis of geographical features and configuration and mountainous landform should be estimated. Third, in architectural planning, size of facilities are restricted with under 3,000㎡ in area, below 20% at building coverage ratio, and under 9m in height, and types of facilities which divided into educational buildings, accommodations, connivence facilities, and other infrastructures were introduced establishment of theme according to contemporary trends, considering aspect of building and the hierarchy of interior and exterior for the flow of users Fourth, through analysis of Green Building Certification, the eco-environment planning which divided into seven domains such as traffic system and the land using, energy and environment pollution, material and resource, maintenance, ecological environment, and indoor environment should be designed based on 18 essential and focusing considerations including solar access right, energy saving, renewable energy use, rainwater use, biotope construction, treated water use, natural ventilation performance, sound insulation performance, glare prevention, and so on. Especially, it should assure eco-friendly performance of facilities(more than good rating in office buildings) for Green Building Certification by establishing eco-friendly plan as harmonious with surrounding landscape on the geographical features of national parks.
Along with continuing needs for rest and healing of modern people, ecology and superb natural landscape of natural parks have attracted widespread attention. Especially, educational nature sites which function for both education and rest in national park play a critical role in educating the importance of nature and ecology for adolescents. Since there are no specific guidelines for educational facilities and nature sites in national parks, suggestion of specific planning guidelines will make educational nature sites to accomplish its own functions such as protection of ecology and nature resource in national parks and eco-educational sites for the next generation. Thus, in order to establish eco-friendly educational nature sites in national parks, this study was arranged for each order as follows. First, this study investigated the present status, definitions, regulations, types, and characteristics of national park and facilities to define educational nature site in national parks. Additionally, this study suggested definition of educational nature site in national parks as "a kind of cultural facilities to teach the importance of nature and ecology mainly focusing on nature protection for the next generation as educational site designed for resting people and educating environment by analyzing the definition of arboretum and natural recreation forest which are similar to educational nature site in size and function. Second, this study suggested detailed standards including space arrangement, size, and type of nature classroom's facilities through case study of six educational nature site in national parks, local and Korea Forest Service governed arboretums and four natural recreation forests. Third, the guidelines of eco-friendly educational nature sites in national park were classified into location selection, site arrangement planning, architectural planning, and eco-environment planning and established according to analysis of trends by applying planning guidelines for constructing nature classroom at Hwayang-dong in Sokrisan national park on a trial basis. On the basis of above study, guidelines for eco-friendly educational nature sites in national park were suggested by classifying location selection, site arrangement planning, architectural planning, and eco-environment planning as follows. First, location selection should consider zoning district establishment criteria, constraints of authorization and permission, conservation and restoration of park resources, efficiency of infrastructures, ease of use for project implementation, utilization of park resources, and interrelationship of local socialization. Second, in regards to site arrangement planning, three factors such as building area estimation including building coverage ratio, slope configuration, and aspect of building should be considered after analysis of geographical features and configuration and mountainous landform should be estimated. Third, in architectural planning, size of facilities are restricted with under 3,000㎡ in area, below 20% at building coverage ratio, and under 9m in height, and types of facilities which divided into educational buildings, accommodations, connivence facilities, and other infrastructures were introduced establishment of theme according to contemporary trends, considering aspect of building and the hierarchy of interior and exterior for the flow of users Fourth, through analysis of Green Building Certification, the eco-environment planning which divided into seven domains such as traffic system and the land using, energy and environment pollution, material and resource, maintenance, ecological environment, and indoor environment should be designed based on 18 essential and focusing considerations including solar access right, energy saving, renewable energy use, rainwater use, biotope construction, treated water use, natural ventilation performance, sound insulation performance, glare prevention, and so on. Especially, it should assure eco-friendly performance of facilities(more than good rating in office buildings) for Green Building Certification by establishing eco-friendly plan as harmonious with surrounding landscape on the geographical features of national parks.
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