Experiment Ⅰ. Comparative Studies among Bull, Steer and Heifer on Growth Performance, Blood Composition and Carcass Characteristics According to Fattening Phase in Hanwoo
This study was conducted to compare among bull, steer and heifer on growth performance, blood composition and carcass traits ...
Experiment Ⅰ. Comparative Studies among Bull, Steer and Heifer on Growth Performance, Blood Composition and Carcass Characteristics According to Fattening Phase in Hanwoo
This study was conducted to compare among bull, steer and heifer on growth performance, blood composition and carcass traits according to fattening phase in Hanwoo. Twelve month of aged 4 bulls (339.8±18.5 kg), 4 steers (309.8±13.2 kg), and 3 heifers (290.0±16.7 kg) were allocated in the stalls with individual feeding system during 20 months. Average daily gain was not different among treatment groups during early fattening phase, but highest in bulls and lowest in heifers after middle fattening phase (p<0.05). The difference of body size by treatment groups appeared from 24 months of age, and wither height and body length of heifers were the smallest (p<0.05) among treatment group. But wither height was not difference among treatment groups at 32 months of age. At 12 months of age, concentrations of serum cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose and total protein were higher in heifers compared to other groups, and serum GPT (Glutamic pyruvic transaminase) was the highest (p<0.05) in bulls, and serum GOT (Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase) was the highest (p<0.05) at late fattening phase in bulls. Meat yield index was similar between bulls and heifers, and the lowest (p<0.05) in steers. Marbling score was significantly higher (p<0.05) in steers and heifers than bulls, and meat quality was the best in steers among treatment groups. The results of this experiment might be used as a basal data on difference between gender in revision of Korean feeding standard for Hanwoo.
(Key words: blood compositions, blood parameters, carcass characteristics, growth performance, Hanwoo bull, Hanwoo heifer, Hanwoo steer)
Experiment Ⅱ. Comparative Studies among Steer and Heifer on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality in Hanwoo
This study was conducted to compare among steer and heifer on growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality in Hanwoo. Twelve month of aged 16 steers(average weight 396.47±8.79Kg) and 14 heifers(average weight 256.57±5.50Kg) were allocated in the stalls with individual feeding system during 20 months. Average daily Gain and dry matter Intake were lower in the heifer treatment group(0.61±0.02kg/d, 7.1±0.1kg) compared to steer treatment group(0.85±0.02kg/d, 9.6±0.1kg) (p<0.05). Feed conversion ratio was not significantly different which are 11.6 and 11.4 for heifer and steer.
The result of yield traits, carcass weight was significantly greater in steer treatment group(410.4±7.7kg) compared to heifer treatment group(364.9±6.3kg) (p<0.05). Carcass weight, average daily gain and dry matter intake were significantly higher in steer treatment group. Back fat thickness tended to be thinner in steer treatment group(10.4±10.mm) compared to heifer treatment group(14.1±1.4mm) (p<0.05). In carcass characteristics, the spread of grades by meat yield grade(A:B:C) w
as 4:5:5 at heifer treatment group and 7:2:2 at steer treatment group. To simple comparison convert into A=3, B=2, C=1 points, the result was average 1.93 at heifer treatment group and 2.31 at steer treatment group.
The marbling score, meat color, fat color, texture and maturity in quality traits were not different among the treatment group except maturity. The maturity was significantly higher in the heifer treatment group(3.1±0.1) than steer treatment group(2.1±0.1) (p<0.05). And the spread of individual meat quality grades(1++:1+:2:3) of carcass characteristics was 1:3:8:2:0 in heifer treatment group and 1:6:6:3:0 in steer treatment group. To simple comparison convert into 1++=4, 1+=3, 1=2, 2=1. 3=0 points, the result was average 2.21, 2.31 each. The appearance ratio of 1 grade or more in meat quality was about 85.7% in heifer treatment group, about 81.2% in steer treatment group.
Carcass collagen, fat, liquid and protein content were 1.9±0.1%, 14.9±1.1%, 63.2±0.9%, 19.8±0.3% at heifer treatment group, 1.5±0.1%, 12.6±0.8%, 64.9±0.6%, 20.6±0.2% at steer treatment group. Collagen was significantly higher in heifer treatment group, protein was higher in the steer treatment group(p<0.05).
The water holding capacity of heifer and steer treatment group was 53.0±0.7 and 56.7±0.4, respectively. And warner-bratlzer shear force was 4.2±0.4 and 5.5±0.3, heifer was higher as well.
The myristic acid among saturated fatty acid was 2.89±0.07% at heifer treatment group and 3.65±0.10% at steer treatment group respectively, heifer treatment group was significantly higher. The vaccenic acid among unsaturated fatty acid was 0.45±0.04, 0.21±0.01 in heifer and steer treatment group, heifer was higher. γ-linoleic acid (C18:3ω6), linolenic acid (C18:3ω3), eicosenoic acid (C20:lω9) and arachidonic acid (C20:4ω6) were greater in steer treatment group.
The result of comparative studies between steer and heifer on growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality, heifer was better than established Hanwoo cow studies, steer was not different as established Hanwoo studies. Therefore, heifer and steer ate anticipated to alterate supplication of deficient Hanwoo high-quality meat.
(Key words: carcass characteristics, growth performance, Hanwoo heifer, Hanwoo steer, meat quality)
Experiment Ⅰ. Comparative Studies among Bull, Steer and Heifer on Growth Performance, Blood Composition and Carcass Characteristics According to Fattening Phase in Hanwoo
This study was conducted to compare among bull, steer and heifer on growth performance, blood composition and carcass traits according to fattening phase in Hanwoo. Twelve month of aged 4 bulls (339.8±18.5 kg), 4 steers (309.8±13.2 kg), and 3 heifers (290.0±16.7 kg) were allocated in the stalls with individual feeding system during 20 months. Average daily gain was not different among treatment groups during early fattening phase, but highest in bulls and lowest in heifers after middle fattening phase (p<0.05). The difference of body size by treatment groups appeared from 24 months of age, and wither height and body length of heifers were the smallest (p<0.05) among treatment group. But wither height was not difference among treatment groups at 32 months of age. At 12 months of age, concentrations of serum cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose and total protein were higher in heifers compared to other groups, and serum GPT (Glutamic pyruvic transaminase) was the highest (p<0.05) in bulls, and serum GOT (Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase) was the highest (p<0.05) at late fattening phase in bulls. Meat yield index was similar between bulls and heifers, and the lowest (p<0.05) in steers. Marbling score was significantly higher (p<0.05) in steers and heifers than bulls, and meat quality was the best in steers among treatment groups. The results of this experiment might be used as a basal data on difference between gender in revision of Korean feeding standard for Hanwoo.
(Key words: blood compositions, blood parameters, carcass characteristics, growth performance, Hanwoo bull, Hanwoo heifer, Hanwoo steer)
Experiment Ⅱ. Comparative Studies among Steer and Heifer on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality in Hanwoo
This study was conducted to compare among steer and heifer on growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality in Hanwoo. Twelve month of aged 16 steers(average weight 396.47±8.79Kg) and 14 heifers(average weight 256.57±5.50Kg) were allocated in the stalls with individual feeding system during 20 months. Average daily Gain and dry matter Intake were lower in the heifer treatment group(0.61±0.02kg/d, 7.1±0.1kg) compared to steer treatment group(0.85±0.02kg/d, 9.6±0.1kg) (p<0.05). Feed conversion ratio was not significantly different which are 11.6 and 11.4 for heifer and steer.
The result of yield traits, carcass weight was significantly greater in steer treatment group(410.4±7.7kg) compared to heifer treatment group(364.9±6.3kg) (p<0.05). Carcass weight, average daily gain and dry matter intake were significantly higher in steer treatment group. Back fat thickness tended to be thinner in steer treatment group(10.4±10.mm) compared to heifer treatment group(14.1±1.4mm) (p<0.05). In carcass characteristics, the spread of grades by meat yield grade(A:B:C) w
as 4:5:5 at heifer treatment group and 7:2:2 at steer treatment group. To simple comparison convert into A=3, B=2, C=1 points, the result was average 1.93 at heifer treatment group and 2.31 at steer treatment group.
The marbling score, meat color, fat color, texture and maturity in quality traits were not different among the treatment group except maturity. The maturity was significantly higher in the heifer treatment group(3.1±0.1) than steer treatment group(2.1±0.1) (p<0.05). And the spread of individual meat quality grades(1++:1+:2:3) of carcass characteristics was 1:3:8:2:0 in heifer treatment group and 1:6:6:3:0 in steer treatment group. To simple comparison convert into 1++=4, 1+=3, 1=2, 2=1. 3=0 points, the result was average 2.21, 2.31 each. The appearance ratio of 1 grade or more in meat quality was about 85.7% in heifer treatment group, about 81.2% in steer treatment group.
Carcass collagen, fat, liquid and protein content were 1.9±0.1%, 14.9±1.1%, 63.2±0.9%, 19.8±0.3% at heifer treatment group, 1.5±0.1%, 12.6±0.8%, 64.9±0.6%, 20.6±0.2% at steer treatment group. Collagen was significantly higher in heifer treatment group, protein was higher in the steer treatment group(p<0.05).
The water holding capacity of heifer and steer treatment group was 53.0±0.7 and 56.7±0.4, respectively. And warner-bratlzer shear force was 4.2±0.4 and 5.5±0.3, heifer was higher as well.
The myristic acid among saturated fatty acid was 2.89±0.07% at heifer treatment group and 3.65±0.10% at steer treatment group respectively, heifer treatment group was significantly higher. The vaccenic acid among unsaturated fatty acid was 0.45±0.04, 0.21±0.01 in heifer and steer treatment group, heifer was higher. γ-linoleic acid (C18:3ω6), linolenic acid (C18:3ω3), eicosenoic acid (C20:lω9) and arachidonic acid (C20:4ω6) were greater in steer treatment group.
The result of comparative studies between steer and heifer on growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality, heifer was better than established Hanwoo cow studies, steer was not different as established Hanwoo studies. Therefore, heifer and steer ate anticipated to alterate supplication of deficient Hanwoo high-quality meat.
(Key words: carcass characteristics, growth performance, Hanwoo heifer, Hanwoo steer, meat quality)
Keyword
#blood compositions blood parameters carcass characteristics growth performance Hanwoo bull Hanwoo heifer Hanwoo steer meat quality 한우암소 수소 거세우
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